June 6, 2023, Vol 329, No. 21, Pages 1809-1892

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):e2215926. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15926

Podcast: Mucus Plugs and Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, the Volume and Cost of Quality Metric Reporting, Review of Cystic Fibrosis, and more

Original Investigation

Airway-Occluding Mucus Plugs and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Alejandro A. Diaz, MD, MPH; José L. Orejas, MD; Scott Grumley, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1832-1839. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.2065

This observational retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data examines whether airway mucus plugs identified on chest computed tomography were associated with increased all-cause mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The Volume and Cost of Quality Metric Reporting

Anirudh Saraswathula, MD, MS; Samantha J. Merck, MD, MHS; Ge Bai, PhD, CPA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1840-1847. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7271

This study examines externally reported inpatient quality metrics for adult patients and estimates the cost of data collection and reporting, independent of quality-improvement efforts.

Audio: The Costs of Quality Reporting

Workplace Harassment, Cyber Incivility, and Climate in Academic Medicine

Reshma Jagsi, MD, DPhil; Kent Griffith, MS, MPH; Chris Krenz, BA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1848-1858. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7232

This study evaluates academic medical culture, faculty mental health, and their relationship among faculty members who received National Institutes of Health career development awards from 2006-2009.

Editorial
Disrespectful Conduct in the Medical Profession: We Have Met the Enemy and They Are Us
Pamela S. Douglas, MD

JAMA

Research Letter

Prostate Cancer in Transgender Women in the Veterans Affairs Health System, 2000-2022

Farnoosh Nik-Ahd, MD; Amanda De Hoedt, MS; Christi Butler, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1877-1879. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6028

This case series investigates the rate of prostate cancer diagnoses among transgender women treated in the Veterans Affairs health system.

Pregnancy Outcomes in a US Cohort of Transgender People

Daphna Stroumsa, MD, MPH, MSc; Michelle H. Moniz, MD, MSc; Halley Crissman, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1879-1881. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7688

This study assesses severe parental morbidity, cesarean deliveries, and preterm births among commercially and publicly insured trans people compared with cisgender people.

Temporal Trends in Childhood Household Income Among Applicants and Matriculants to Medical School and the Likelihood of Acceptance by Income, 2014-2019

Mytien Nguyen, MS; Mayur M. Desai, PhD, MPH; Tonya L. Fancher, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1882-1884. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.5654

This study examines trends in childhood household income among applicants and matriculants to medical school and the likelihood of acceptance by income.

Viewpoint

Addressing Maternal Mortality in the US—A Pediatrics Responsibility

Kristan Scott, MD; Emily F. Gregory, MD, MHS; Heather H. Burris, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(21):1819-1820. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6234

This Viewpoint suggests that pediatricians’ contact with the maternal-infant dyad postpartum presents an opportunity to address the US maternal mortality crisis and its inequities.

Legal Penalties for Physicians Providing Gender-Affirming Care

Christy Mallory, JD; Madeline G. Chin, BA; Justine C. Lee, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(21):1821-1822. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8232

This Viewpoint explains the “legal limbo” physicians may find themselves in, straddling state laws banning gender-affirming care and federal nondiscrimination law, both of which remain unclear due to ongoing legal challenges in the courts.

Climate Change and Health

Personal and Planetary Health—The Connection With Dietary Choices

Urvi A. Shah, MD; Gia Merlo, MD, MBA, MEd

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(21):1823-1824. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6118

This Viewpoint offers strategies to help shift to plant-based diets to reduce climate change and promote individual health by encouraging patients, incorporating the environmental impact of food choices in national dietary guidelines, and adding plant-based nutrition training in medical schools.

Essential Electronic Health Record Reforms for This Decade

Don Eugene Detmer, MD, MA; Andrew Gettinger, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(21):1825-1826. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.3961

This Viewpoint posits suggestions to reform electronic health records (EHRs), including use of unique personal safety identifiers, reduction of administrative and regulatory content from clinical time, inclusion of patient-entered information into the EHR, and reinvention of the clinical note.

A Piece of My Mind

Fat Shame—Inside and Out

MaryAnn Dakkak, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(21):1827-1828. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7784

In this narrative medicine essay, a family medicine physician shares her personal story as someone who is obese and disabled. She talks about her own process of addressing stigma and bias around obesity and how she is now helping patients work toward improved physical function and overall health goals.

Editorial

Disrespectful Conduct in the Medical Profession: We Have Met the Enemy and They Are Us

Pamela S. Douglas, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(21):1829-1831. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.3694

Review

Cystic Fibrosis: A Review

Thida Ong, MD; Bonnie W. Ramsey, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1859-1871. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8120

This narrative review examines treatment and management of cystic fibrosis.

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Standards of Care for Transgender and Gender Diverse People

Tonia Poteat, PhD, PA-C, MPH; Andrew M. Davis, MD, MPH; Alex Gonzalez, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1872-1874. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8121

This article summarizes the recent update of guidelines on health care for transgender and gender diverse people, including primary care, gender-affirming care, mental health care, and education of the clinical workforce.

Audio: Health Care Guidelines for Gender-Affirming Care

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Black Tongue Discoloration

Yasuhiro Kano, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1875-1876. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.5894

An 80-year-old man developed asymptomatic black discoloration of the dorsal surface of his tongue 1 week after hospitalization for surgical and antibiotic treatment of septic arthritis of the shoulder. He reported no prior lingual discoloration and did not smoke cigarettes, use chewing tobacco or illicit drugs, or drink alcohol. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives

New Alzheimer Disease Drugs, Long COVID and the Central Nervous System, and a Nasal Spray for Migraines—Highlights From the 2023 American Academy of Neurology Conference

Revital Marcus, MD

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1811-1813. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.4389

This Medical News article discusses research presented at the recent American Academy of Neurology Conference.

Audio: Live From the 2023 American Academy of Neurology Conference

News From the JAMA Network

Large Study Links Industrial Solvent in Drinking Water to Parkinson Disease Risk in Camp Lejeune Veterans

Rita Rubin, MA

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JAMA. 2023;329(21):1814-1816. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6079

This Medical News story discusses a new study in JAMA Neurology that links exposure to contaminated drinking water at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune to an increased risk of Parkinson disease.