June 27, 2023, Vol 329, No. 24, Pages 2109-2202

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):e2215953. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15953

Audio: DAPT vs tPA for Minor Stroke, Transgender Identity and Suicide, Screening for Anxiety, and more

Original Investigation

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy vs Alteplase for Patients With Minor Nondisabling Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ARAMIS Randomized Clinical Trial

Hui-Sheng Chen, MD; Yu Cui, PhD; Zhong-He Zhou, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2135-2144. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7827

This randomized trial examines whether dual antiplatelet therapy is noninferior to intravenous thrombolysis among patients with minor nondisabling acute ischemic stroke.

Transgender Identity and Suicide Attempts and Mortality in Denmark

Annette Erlangsen, PhD; Anna Lund Jacobsen, BSc; Anne Ranning, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2145-2153. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8627

This nationwide cohort study in Denmark examines the association between individuals who identify as transgender and rates of suicide attempt and mortality (suicide, unrelated, and all cause).

Preliminary Communication

Translational Science

CD19-Targeting CAR T Cells for Myositis and Interstitial Lung Disease Associated With Antisynthetase Syndrome

Ann-Christin Pecher, MD; Luca Hensen, PhD; Reinhild Klein, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2154-2162. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8753

This case report summarizes treatment of a patient with antisynthetase syndrome using CD19-targeting T cells against B cells and plasmablasts.

Editorial
CD19-Targeting CAR T-Cell Therapy for Antisynthetase Syndrome
Ingrid E. Lundberg, MD, PhD; Angeles S. Galindo-Feria, MD, PhD; Begum Horuluoglu, PhD

JAMA

Research Letter

Transition From Mentored to Independent NIH Funding by Gender and Department

Mytien Nguyen, MS; Aanya Panyadahundi; Christine Olagun-Samuel, BA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2189-2190. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7693

This study uses National Institutes of Health RePORTER data for mentored K awards and R01-equivalent grants to all departments in US schools of medicine to characterize K-award distribution and K-to-R transition by gender and department between 1997 and 2021.

Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Iron-Deficiency Anemia in US Females Aged 12-21 Years, 2003-2020

Angela C. Weyand, MD; Alexander Chaitoff, MD, MPH; Gary L. Freed, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2191-2193. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8020

This study examines prevalence of iron deficiency among females aged 12 to 21 years to inform future screening strategies for iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia.

US Preventive Services Task Force

Recommendation Statement

Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

US Preventive Services Task Force

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2163-2170. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9301

This 2023 Recommendation Statement from the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening for anxiety disorders in adults, including pregnant and postpartum persons (B recommendation), and concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for anxiety disorders in older adults (I statement).

Audio: USPSTF Recommendations: Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults, and Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults

Editorial
Are There Reasons to Fear Anxiety Screening?
Murray B. Stein, MD, MPH; Linda L. Hill, MD, MPH

JAMA
- Audio: USPSTF Recommendations: Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults, and Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults

Evidence Report

Anxiety Screening: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Elizabeth A. O’Connor, PhD; Michelle L. Henninger, PhD; Leslie A. Perdue, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2171-2184. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6369

This systematic review to support the 2023 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on anxiety screening summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for, and treatment of, anxiety among primary care patients.

Audio: USPSTF Recommendations: Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults, and Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults

Editorial
Are There Reasons to Fear Anxiety Screening?
Murray B. Stein, MD, MPH; Linda L. Hill, MD, MPH

JAMA
- Audio: USPSTF Recommendations: Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults, and Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults

Viewpoint

The Mifepristone Case and the Legitimacy of the FDA

Abbe R. Gluck, JD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2121-2122. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8712

This Viewpoint discusses a recent federal court decision that invaliated the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) approval of mifepristone, a drug used to end pregnancies and manage miscarriage when used with misoprostol, and how that decision challenges the legitimacy and independence of the FDA.

Normothermic Regional Perfusion—The Next Frontier in Organ Transplants?

Robert D. Truog, MD; Andrew Flescher, PhD; Keren Ladin, PhD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2123-2124. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9294

This Viewpoint examines an approach known as normothermic regional perfusion, involving use of ECMO to restore perfusion to internal organs in situ before they are removed from a deceased donor.

Congress’ Misguided Plan to Ban QALYs

Leah Z. Rand, PhD; Adam Raymakers, PhD; Benjamin N. Rome, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2125-2126. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8695

This Viewpoint discusses the flawed assumptions and potential negative impacts of a proposed federal bill that would ban government health care programs from using the quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) and “similar measures” when determining insurance coverage or negotiating prices.

Pediatric Drug and Other Shortages in the Age of Supply Chain Disruption

Carmel Shachar, JD, MPH; Philip A. Gruppuso, MD; Eli Y. Adashi, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2127-2128. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.4755

This Viewpoint lists the top 3 pediatric drugs and product shortages, considers the federal government’s and manufacturers’ ethical duty to protect children, reviews the causes for the shortages, and suggests policy changes that could help fill in the gap.

A Piece of My Mind

An Apple a Day

Emily Landon, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2129. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8957

In this narrative medicine essay, an infectious diseases physician compares her past near bucolic experience in the emergency department when treated for anaphylaxis with the now perpetually chaotic and crowded scene ushered in by COVID-19.

Editorial

CD19-Targeting CAR T-Cell Therapy for Antisynthetase Syndrome

Ingrid E. Lundberg, MD, PhD; Angeles S. Galindo-Feria, MD, PhD; Begum Horuluoglu, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2130-2131. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7240

Are There Reasons to Fear Anxiety Screening?

Murray B. Stein, MD, MPH; Linda L. Hill, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

free access has audio

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2132-2134. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7239

Audio: USPSTF Recommendations: Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults, and Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults

JAMA Insights

Genomics and Precision Health

siRNAs—A New Class of Medicines

Anastasia Khvorova, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2185-2186. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.4570

This Genomics and Precision Health article explains how small interfering RNA can modulate disease targets considered “undruggable” by small molecules and biologics.

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Diffuse Cutaneous Eruption

Katharina S. Shaw, MD; Stephanie Sanchez-Melendez, BS; Ruth Ann Vleugels, MD, MPH, MBA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2187-2188. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7322

A man presented with a pruritic cutaneous eruption that began on his scalp and face and over 2 months spread across most of his body. Physical examination revealed confluent salmon-colored plaques with areas of unaffected skin; waxy, exfoliative scale on the volar aspect of the hands and feet; and ectropion. He had no history of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, or other skin disorder, and no recent viral or bacterial infection. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Editor's Note

Poetry in a Head CT

Rafael Campo, MD, MA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2197. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.10520

Medical News & Perspectives

COPD Mortality, Goals-of-Care Conversations in Serious Illness, and Advocating for Climate Change Science and Gun Violence Prevention—Highlights From the American Thoracic Society Conference

Kristin Walter, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2114-2115. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.4390

This Medical News article is an interview with Debra Boyer, MD, MHPE, chair of the 2023 American Thoracic Society Conference.

Audio: Highlights From the American Thoracic Society 2023 Conference

Public Health Experts Advise Clinicians to Be on the Lookout for New Mpox Cases

Preeti N. Malani, MD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2116-2117. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9500

This Medical News article discusses signs of an mpox resurgence and updated prevention and treatment information.

Medical News in Brief

Decline in New HIV Cases Projected to Fall Short of US Goals

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2118. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9924

FDA Grants Full Approval to Paxlovid, COVID-19 Antiviral Treatment

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2118. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9925

Surgeon General Urges Action to Improve Social Media Safety for Kids

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2118. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9926

CMS Rule Would Increase Cost Transparency of Medicaid-Covered Drugs

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2118. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9927

Brain Cell Biomarker for Preclinical Alzheimer Disease Identified

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2118-2119. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9928

Extended-Release Buprenorphine Receives FDA Green Light

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2119. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9929

Review Finds Benefits of Primary Care Continuity

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2119. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9930

“Care Bundle” Improved Outcomes for Patients With Brain Bleeds

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2119. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9931

No Difference in Quality, Cost for Patients Treated by Hospitalist MDs vs DOs

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2119. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9932

The Arts and Medicine

Gaudeamus Igitur at 40—A Tribute and Assessment

Elizabeth A. Fleming, MD; Brittany A. Bettendorf, MD, MFA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2111-2113. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9330

This Arts and Medicine feature discusses the continuing relevance of the 1983 poem Gaudeamus Igitur by John Stone, which offers wisdom and guiding principles about the practice of medicine to newly graduated young physicians.

Poetry and Medicine

Innumerable

Joseph Gascho, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2197. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8852

Editor's Note
Poetry in a Head CT
Rafael Campo, MD, MA

JAMA

JAMA Revisited

International Mental Health

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(24):2198. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15954

JAMA Patient Page

Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults

Jill Jin, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(24):2202. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9446

This JAMA Patient Page describes the pros and cons of screening for anxiety disorders in adults.

Audio: USPSTF Recommendations: Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults, and Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults

Editorial
Are There Reasons to Fear Anxiety Screening?
Murray B. Stein, MD, MPH; Linda L. Hill, MD, MPH

JAMA
- Audio: USPSTF Recommendations: Screening for Depression and Suicide Risk in Adults, and Screening for Anxiety Disorders in Adults