Brain targeting by intranasal drug delivery (INDD): a combined effect of trans-neural and para-neuronal pathway

G Mustafa, AH Alrohaimi, A Bhatnagar, S Baboota… - Drug …, 2016 - Taylor & Francis
Drug delivery, 2016Taylor & Francis
The effectiveness of intranasal drug delivery for brain targeting has emerged as a hope of
remedy for various CNS disorders. The nose to brain absorption of therapeutic molecules
claims two effective pathways, which include trans-neuronal for immediate action and para-
neuronal for delayed action. To evaluate the contribution of both the pathways in absorption
of therapeutic molecules and nanocarriers, lidocaine, a nerve-blocking agent, was used to
impair the action potential of olfactory nerve. An anti-Parkinson drug ropinirole was …
Abstract
The effectiveness of intranasal drug delivery for brain targeting has emerged as a hope of remedy for various CNS disorders. The nose to brain absorption of therapeutic molecules claims two effective pathways, which include trans-neuronal for immediate action and para-neuronal for delayed action. To evaluate the contribution of both the pathways in absorption of therapeutic molecules and nanocarriers, lidocaine, a nerve-blocking agent, was used to impair the action potential of olfactory nerve. An anti-Parkinson drug ropinirole was covalently complexes with 99mTc in presence of SnCl2 using in-house developed reduction technology. The radiolabeled formulations were administered intranasally in lidocaine challenged rabbit and rat. The qualitative and quantitative outcomes of neural and non-neural pathways were estimated using gamma scintigraphy and UHPLC-MS/MS, respectively. The results showed a significant (p ≤ 0.005) increase in radioactivity counts and drug concentration in the brain of rabbit and rat compared to the animal groups challenged with lidocaine. This concludes the significant contribution (p ≤ 0.005) of trans-neuronal and para-neuronal pathway in nose to brain drug delivery. Therefore, results proved that it is an art of a formulator scientist to make the drug carriers to exploit the choice of absorption pathway for their instant and extent of action.
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