Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
There is robust evidence of heterogeneity in underlying mechanism, manifestation,
prognosis, and response to treatment of CVD between male and female patients. Gender,
which refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, expressions, and identities of
individuals, is an important determinant of CV health, and its consideration might help in
attaining a broader understanding of the observed sex differences in CVD. Established risk …