You can try this methood but they have made an update to get rid of the Games for Windows Live requirements and that was the big thing that made it crash back before the update

1) install fallout 3 GOTY
2)Then go to Program Files (x86)/Steam/steamapps/common and put the file into Fallout 3 goty
3)after that, go into Fallout 3 goty, right-click FalloutLauncher and select Properties, go to Compatibility, click "Change settings for all users", chech the box for "Run this program in compatibility mode for:" and change it to Windows 7. Click Apply
4)now Right-click Fallout3 (same folder as previous file) and do the exact thing but this time change it to Windows Vista (Service Pack 1)
5)now right-click Fallout3-Garden of Eden Creation Kit and do the same but the Compatibility for Windows 7
6)right-click GDInstall and do the same thing but change the compatibility to Windows XP (Service Pack 3)
7) go into the VCRedist folder(found in the Fallout 3 goty folder), right-click vcredist_x86 and change the compatibility to Windows Vista(make sure to update your vcredist_86 file first)
8) go back to the Fallout 3 goty folder and go into DotNetFX, right-click dotnetfx3_x64 and change its compatibility to Windows 7
9) Download GFWL(Games for Windows Live) look it up on google and click on the GFWL link by microsoft and it will start downloading. the main link to GFWL is not working anymore i just looked it up and clicked on a random post and someone provided a link so just do that. I'm to lazy to write this all out, if you have a problem with downloading GFWL that can mean you can't find a link for it or you open the exe file to get greeted with a error code about your internet connection go down to the video and start the video at 4min on the dot and I explain how to download it even with that error.
10)now go into your Fallout3 folder(located in the Fallout 3 goty folder) open FalloutPrefs and change everything to this

[Display]
iMaxDecalsPerFrame=10
iTexMipMapSkip=0
iWaterMultisamples=4
bTransparencyMultisampling=1
fSpecularLODStartFade=2000
fShadowLODStartFade=1000
fLightLODStartFade=3500
bDrawShadows=1
iActorShadowCountInt=6
iActorShadowCountExt=6
iShadowFilter=2
iShadowMapResolution=1024
iAdapter=0
iSize W=1920
iSize H=1080
iMultiSample=4
iMaxAnisotropy=15
iPresentInterval=1
bFull Screen=1
sD3DDDevice="(put what ever type of Graphics card you have in this space)"
[Grass]
b30GrassVS=0
fGrassStartFadeDistance=7000
[Imagespace]
iRadialBlurLevel=2
bDoDepthOfField=1
[Water]
bUseWaterRefractions=1
bUseWaterReflections=1
bForceHighDetailReflections=1
bAutoWaterSilhouetteReflections=0
bUseWaterDepth=1
bUseWaterDisplacements=1
iWaterReflectWidth=1024
iWaterReflectHeight=1024
bUseWaterReflectionBlur=1
iWaterBlurAmount=4
[TerrainManager]
fTreeLoadDistance=40000
fBlockLoadDistanceLow=50000
fSplitDistanceMult=1.5
[LOD]
fLODFadeOutMultActors=15
fLODFadeOutMultItems=15
fLODFadeOutMultObjects=15
[BlurShaderHDR]
bDoHighDynamicRange=0
[BlurShader]
bUseBlurShader=0
[Launcher]
bShowAllResolutions=1
uLastAspectRatio=3

11) if the game won't start at all after all that go to your Document folder then go to my games and then find Fallout 3 and open it and delete everything in it

also don't forget to change your resolution

BTW sorry I have a speech impediment so please refrain from making fun of me.
also i broke my game to make the youtube video.
Make sure the video is up all the way I made the volume low on accident.