How do you choose between SSH and FTPS for secure file transfers?

1 What is SSH?

SSH stands for Secure Shell, a network protocol that allows remote login and command execution over an encrypted channel. SSH can also be used to transfer files using the Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) or the Secure Copy Protocol (SCP). SSH is widely used by system administrators, developers, and users who need to access remote servers or devices.

2 What is FTPS?

FTPS stands for File Transfer Protocol Secure, an extension of the standard File Transfer Protocol (FTP) that adds TLS encryption and authentication. FTPS can operate in two modes: explicit and implicit. In explicit mode, the client and the server negotiate the security parameters before starting the file transfer. In implicit mode, the security parameters are predefined and the connection is always encrypted.

3 Functionality comparison

Both SSH and FTPS can transfer files securely, but they have different features and capabilities. SSH is more than just a file transfer protocol, it can also execute commands, tunnel other protocols, and provide interactive shell access. FTPS is mainly focused on file transfer, but it can also resume interrupted transfers, support file locking, and handle large files efficiently. SSH uses a single port for all communications, while FTPS uses two ports: one for control and one for data.

4 Security comparison

Both SSH and FTPS use TLS to encrypt the data and authenticate the parties involved, but they have different levels of security. SSH is considered more secure than FTPS, because it uses stronger encryption algorithms, supports public key authentication, and prevents man-in-the-middle attacks. FTPS is less secure than SSH, because it relies on certificates that can be compromised, uses weaker encryption algorithms, and exposes more ports to potential attacks.

5 Compatibility comparison

Both SSH and FTPS are widely supported by various operating systems, platforms, and applications, but they have different levels of compatibility. SSH is more compatible than FTPS, because it uses a standard port (22) that is usually open on most firewalls and routers. FTPS is less compatible than SSH, because it uses two ports (21 and a random port) that may be blocked or filtered by some firewalls and routers.

6 Ease of use comparison

Both SSH and FTPS are easy to use, but they have different levels of complexity and convenience. SSH is easier to use than FTPS, because it requires fewer configuration steps, has simpler commands, and offers more flexibility and control. FTPS is harder to use than SSH, because it requires more configuration steps, has more complicated commands, and has more limitations and restrictions.

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?