How do you label hazardous materials for transport?

1 UN system

The UN system is a global standard for classifying and labeling hazardous materials for transport. It uses a series of symbols, colors, numbers, and letters to indicate the type and degree of hazard of a material. The UN system has nine hazard classes, each with a specific symbol and color. For example, class 1 is explosives, with an orange background and a black exploding bomb symbol. Class 2 is gases, with a green background and a black gas cylinder symbol. Class 3 is flammable liquids, with a red background and a black flame symbol, and so on. The UN system also assigns a four-digit UN number to each material, which identifies its specific properties and hazards. For example, UN 1203 is gasoline, UN 1075 is propane, and UN 2814 is infectious substance affecting humans. The UN system requires that each package of hazardous material has a label with the hazard class symbol, the UN number, and any subsidiary hazard information. The label must be durable, visible, and securely attached to the package.

2 DOT regulations

The DOT regulations are the U.S. federal rules for transporting hazardous materials by road, rail, air, or water. The DOT regulations adopt the UN system for labeling hazardous materials, but also add some additional requirements and exceptions. The DOT regulations require that each package of hazardous material has a shipping paper, which is a document that provides detailed information about the material, such as its name, quantity, weight, destination, emergency contact, and any special handling instructions. The shipping paper must accompany the package at all times and be accessible to the carrier and the authorities. The DOT regulations also require that each package of hazardous material has a placard, which is a larger version of the label that is displayed on the outside of the vehicle or container that transports the package. The placard must have the same hazard class symbol, color, and UN number as the label, but also include the name of the material in letters at least three inches high. The placard must be visible from all directions and securely attached to the vehicle or container.

3 Labeling tips

Labeling hazardous materials for transport is not only a legal obligation, but also a best practice to ensure safety and efficiency. To ensure this, it is important to check the latest version of the UN system and the DOT regulations for any updates or changes to the labeling requirements. Furthermore, use labels and placards that are approved by the UN or the DOT, and avoid using homemade or improvised ones. Make sure to place the labels and placards on a flat, clean, and dry surface, and avoid covering them with tape, stickers, or other materials. Inspect the labels and placards before and after transport, and replace them if they are damaged, faded, or illegible. Additionally, remove or obliterate any labels or placards that are no longer relevant or accurate to avoid confusing or conflicting information. Lastly, consult with the carrier, the receiver, and the authorities if you have any questions or doubts about labeling hazardous materials for transport. Labeling hazardous materials for transport is a vital skill for environmental services professionals; following the UN system and DOT regulations will help you transport hazardous materials safely, legally, and efficiently.

4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?