Learn how to use GIS and spatial analysis techniques to identify optimal park locations that meet the needs and preferences of your community.

Spatial analysis techniques play a pivotal role in identifying optimal park locations. - Employing overlay analysis to integrate various data layers like population density, landuse, and transportation networks. In Portland (Oregon) GIS helped identify park deserts, prompting the strategic placement of new parks in underserved areas. - Spatial Statistics methods aid in hotspot analysis to pinpoint areas lacking green spaces, guiding policymakers in prioritizing park development. - Remote sensing techniques help in assessment of land cover, vegetation health, and suitability for park creation. In Calgary (Alberta) satellite imagery facilitated the identification of suitable vacant lands for park expansion, aligning with development goals.

What are the most effective spatial analysis techniques for identifying park locations?

Parks are essential for the well-being of urban residents, providing green spaces, recreation, and social interaction. However, not all areas have equal access to parks, and some may face barriers such as distance, traffic, or safety. How can Geographic Information Systems (GIS) help planners and decision-makers identify the best locations for parks that meet the needs and preferences of the communities they serve? In this article, you will learn about some of the most effective spatial analysis techniques for finding optimal park sites, using GIS tools and data.

1 Spatial needs assessment

The first step in any spatial analysis is to define the problem and the objectives. What are the criteria for a suitable park location? How much land is available and what are the zoning regulations? Who are the target users and what are their characteristics and preferences? How can you measure the demand and supply of parks in different areas? To answer these questions, you need to collect and analyze relevant data, such as population, income, age, land use, existing parks, and accessibility. You can use GIS to create maps, charts, and tables that show the spatial distribution and relationship of these variables, and identify gaps and opportunities.

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Jacob Helfman

Conscientious GIS/Geospatial Analyst 🌎🗺️ with a User-Centered and Solutions-Oriented Mindset
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It's important to make sure you're consistent with the geography level you're looking at. If, for example, you're looking at the municipal/city level and you're population data are based on census tracts, your results may not be accurate. Looking at a smaller geography or different data sources may help here. And it's also important to distinguish between parks and open space. Parks are usually smaller in area and don't have the large amount of green/natural, preserved areas, with the majority of land cover being vegetation.

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2 Spatial optimization

The next step is to find the best solution that maximizes the benefits and minimizes the costs of park locations. This involves applying mathematical models and algorithms that optimize certain objectives and constraints, such as minimizing travel distance, maximizing population served, or balancing equity and efficiency. You can use GIS to perform spatial optimization techniques, such as location-allocation, p-median, or maximal covering, that generate and evaluate alternative scenarios and trade-offs. You can also use GIS to incorporate stakeholder input and preferences, such as park size, type, or amenities, into the optimization process.

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3 Spatial impact assessment

The final step is to assess the potential impacts and outcomes of the chosen park locations. How will they affect the environment, the economy, and the society? How will they influence the health, happiness, and behavior of the park users and the surrounding residents? How will they interact with other urban systems and services, such as transportation, energy, or water? You can use GIS to conduct spatial impact assessment techniques, such as buffer analysis, overlay analysis, or suitability analysis, that measure and compare the effects of park locations on different indicators and criteria. You can also use GIS to visualize and communicate the results and recommendations to the stakeholders and the public.

GIS is a powerful tool that can help you apply various spatial analysis techniques for identifying park locations. By using GIS, you can collect and integrate diverse data, explore and optimize multiple options, and evaluate and communicate the impacts and outcomes. With GIS, you can make informed and evidence-based decisions that enhance the quality and accessibility of parks in your area.

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4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Arka Kanungo, LSSGB™, MCIHT, AITP, MCoA

Consultant - Transport & Trade Facilitation, ADB | International Cooperation Division, Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH), Govt. of India | LinkedIn Top Voice 💡 - Transportation, Economics & Logistics
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Spatial analysis techniques play a pivotal role in identifying optimal park locations. - Employing overlay analysis to integrate various data layers like population density, landuse, and transportation networks. In Portland (Oregon) GIS helped identify park deserts, prompting the strategic placement of new parks in underserved areas. - Spatial Statistics methods aid in hotspot analysis to pinpoint areas lacking green spaces, guiding policymakers in prioritizing park development. - Remote sensing techniques help in assessment of land cover, vegetation health, and suitability for park creation. In Calgary (Alberta) satellite imagery facilitated the identification of suitable vacant lands for park expansion, aligning with development goals.

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What are the most effective spatial analysis techniques for identifying park locations?

1

2

3

4

1 Spatial needs assessment

2 Spatial optimization

3 Spatial impact assessment

4 Here’s what else to consider

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

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What are the most effective spatial analysis techniques for identifying park locations?

1

2

3

4

1 Spatial needs assessment

2 Spatial optimization

3 Spatial impact assessment

4 Here’s what else to consider

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

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