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Everyone is talking about microservices but here is what I think, Why Monolithic Architecture Might Make a Comeback in the Microservices Era? In recent years, microservices have been the gold standard for modern application architecture. They offer scalability, flexibility, and allow teams to work independently on different parts of the system. But as microservices continue to grow in complexity, it might be time to reconsider monolithic architecture for certain projects. Here's why: 1. Complexity Management: While microservices excel at scaling, they introduce a lot of complexity—managing dozens (or hundreds) of services, ensuring communication, monitoring, and version control. For smaller to mid-sized applications, this complexity can outweigh the benefits. A monolith is often simpler to develop, test, and maintain. 2. Cost & Speed: Microservices can increase infrastructure costs due to the need for containerization, orchestration tools like Kubernetes, and more advanced DevOps practices. Monolithic architectures, on the other hand, typically require fewer resources, making them more cost-effective, especially for smaller teams and startups. Additionally, they speed up development by avoiding the overhead of managing inter-service communication and dependencies. 3. Reusability & Tight Integration: In a monolithic application, everything is tightly integrated, which can make sharing data and functionality simpler. This is particularly useful when the app doesn’t need to handle massive scale or when it's developed by a small team that can work closely together. 4. Microservices Maintenance Burden: Many teams adopting microservices without the proper organizational structure or DevOps practices often end up with a distributed mess of services that are difficult to troubleshoot. As the system grows, the coordination overhead increases, leading to technical debt. 5. Easier to Debug: In a monolith, debugging is generally more straightforward. When something breaks, you don’t have to trace the issue across multiple services, network layers, and databases—everything is in one place. Looking ahead, monolithic architectures might make a resurgence for specific use cases—especially where simplicity, cost-efficiency, and rapid development are priorities. As cloud infrastructure matures, scaling monolithic apps has become more feasible, challenging the narrative that microservices are the only path forward. For many teams, a well-designed monolith could provide the perfect balance between simplicity and scalability. So, before diving into microservices, it’s worth asking: Do we really need this complexity? Sometimes, keeping things simple is the most powerful approach. What are your thoughts? Is it time to reconsider monolithic architecture for certain projects?

Rolling out Microservices (MS). Organizations can build resilient, scalable, and maintainable MS arch that enable agility, innovation, high biz reach and shorten go to market by adopting best practices. "MS encourage a 'you build it, you run it' mentality, empowering teams to take end-to-end ownership of their services." - Brendan Burns 𝐓𝐰𝐞𝐥𝐯𝐞 𝐌𝐒 𝐁𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐏𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐛𝐮𝐢𝐥𝐝 𝐢𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐫𝐮𝐧 𝐢𝐭: 1. Multiple DBs: Instead of relying on a single type of db for all data storage needs, polyglot persistence advocates for choosing the most appropriate db tech for each specific use case. 2. Teams with Autonomy: Dedicated teams can take ownership of specific MS, allowing them to understand the domain context deeply and make decisions autonomously. 3.Automation tools and pipelines: Enable the integration of code changes, automated testing, and deployment of MS to various env (e.g., dev, staging, production) promoting agility and go-to-market. 4. Rest and MS arch: Services comm with each other over the n/w. RESTful APIs provide a standardized way for services to interact, allowing them to exchange data and trigger actions. 5.MS encourage decentralized decision-making and autonomy among dev teams. Each team is responsible for designing, implementing, deploying, and maintaining its MS independently as opposed to a centralized approach. 6. Identify its components, dependencies, and areas that could benefit from MS arch. Prioritize functionalities/modules that are candidates for migration based on factors like business value, tech complexity, and feasibility. 7. Split the MS arch into chunks where the arch can be fit for purpose and can scale out eventually from the monolithic. Pair homogeneous elements together to make this happen. 8. Use containerization tech like Docker to encapsulate each MS along with its dependencies, libraries, and runtime env. They provide lightweight, isolated execution env, ensuring that each MS runs consistently across different env without interference from other services. 9. Select tech that best align with the specific use case and reqs of each MS. For eg: For compute high tasks, look at Go or Rust known languages for their perf. For I/O-bound tasks or async processing, look at languages like Node.js or Python with strong support for this. 10. MS arch aligns well with bounded contexts by encapsulating each domain model within a separate service. Each MS corresponds to a bounded context and is responsible for managing its own domain logic, data, and biz rules. 11. On Demand v/s Dedicated: For e.g., critical or high-perf services may benefit from dedicated instances for predictable perf and isolation, while less critical or bursty services may leverage on-demand instances for flexibility and cost efficiency. 12. Choose Open-Source f/w wisely: MS-based apps. Eg Spring Boot, Node.js, Django, Flask, and Express.js #microservicesbestpractices #microservicesdevelopment Pic Src : Maruthitech[dot]com

How to build scalable microservices with Ruby's Karafka Embracing microservices architecture is essential for scalable, maintainable software. Ruby's Karafka framework is a powerful tool for asynchronous communication and background processing. This article provides a step-by-step guide to building scalable microservices with Karafka, ensuring your applications are not only robust but also primed for seamless scaling. How to set up your Karafka environment Before diving into the architecture, you need to set up your environment for Karafka. Install the Karafka gem by adding it to your Gemfile and running bundle install. Next, generate the basic structure with bundle exec karafka install. This will create a karafka.rb file where you can configure your Kafka brokers and other settings. Designing your microservices with Karafka Designing microservices involves defining clear boundaries and responsibilities. With Karafka, each service can subscribe to specific topics in Kafka. Identify the events that each service will produce or consume. Use the karafka.rb file to set up these topics and consumer groups. This ensures that services communicate effectively without direct dependencies on each other. Implementing business logic in services Each microservice should encapsulate its business logic. With Karafka, this means writing consumers that react to incoming messages. Implement methods within your consumers that perform specific actions when a message is received. This keeps your services focused and decoupled from each other. Testing your microservices architecture Testing is critical in a microservices architecture to ensure each service runs as expected independently and in collaboration with others. With Karafka, you can write tests for your consumers using rspec-karafka gem. Test individual consumer logic as well as the integration with Kafka topics.

What is a Microservice? Tools for Building Microservices What is a Microservice? Read full at: https://lnkd.in/dJAqatj9 A microservice is an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of small, loosely coupled, and independently deployable services. Each service focuses on a specific business function, communicates via APIs (usually HTTP or messaging), and can be built, deployed, and scaled independently. This contrasts with monolithic architectures, where everything is bundled into one large application. ... ... Some Heading: Tools for Building Microservices --Backend Technologies: --Frontend Technologies: Messaging & Communication Tools: Database Options: Containerization & Orchestration: ... Microservices with React and Next.js ... Examples of Microservice Architectures ... Micro Services Types: ... Additional Aspects of Microservices: 1-Advantages and Disadvantages of Microservices 2-... 3-... ... In conclusion, microservices are ideal for large projects and distributed development teams due to their flexibility, scalability, and ability to optimize independently. However, for smaller projects, they might introduce unnecessary complexity. Read this article at: https://lnkd.in/dJAqatj9 . Follow me for More 🤗

Just a thought on inter-service communication in microservices. In a microservices architecture, there's often an expectation that one microservice should be able to call another without issues. While it's true that inter-service communication is a fundamental aspect of this architecture, it's important to approach this carefully. More details : ⚡ Design Philosophy: The core idea of microservices is to create a system where services are loosely coupled, independently deployable, and scalable. If microservices are calling each other internally in a tightly coupled manner, it can undermine these benefits and lead back towards a monolithic structure. In a monolithic application, components are highly interdependent and often tightly integrated, which can make the system difficult to maintain and scale. ⚡ Inter-Service Communication: While direct communication between microservices (e.g., via HTTP/REST or gRPC) is sometimes necessary, it should be done with caution. Over-reliance on synchronous calls between microservices can lead to issues like increased latency, cascading failures, and complex interdependencies. It's essential to design these interactions to be resilient and handle failures gracefully. ⚡ Avoiding Tight Coupling: Microservices should ideally communicate in a way that minimizes dependencies. This can involve using asynchronous communication patterns, like messaging queues or event streams, to decouple services and enhance scalability. When services are too tightly coupled, it becomes challenging to update, scale, or deploy them independently. ⚡ Purpose of Microservices: The purpose of adopting a microservices architecture is to achieve greater flexibility, scalability, and maintainability. If microservices frequently call each other internally, it risks recreating some of the complexities and tight couplings of a monolithic system. Properly designed microservices should interact in a way that maintains their independence and allows for easier scaling and updates. ⚡ Exceptional Scenarios: There may be exceptional cases where internal calls between microservices are justified or necessary. However, these should be carefully considered and designed to avoid creating dependencies that could compromise the benefits of a microservices approach. In summary, while inter-service communication is a natural part of a microservices architecture, it should be managed in a way that supports the principles of loose coupling and independent deployability. Over-reliance on internal calls can lead to complexities similar to those found in monolithic systems, which undermines the advantages of using microservices in the first place. Note : Personally I hate inter-service communication in Microservices 😎

What are the most important aspects to consider when developing and scaling microservices? Here are some things you need to think about: Service Boundaries: Define clear and cohesive boundaries for your microservices based on business capabilities. Each microservice should encapsulate a specific function or feature. Decomposition Strategy: Break down monolithic applications into microservices based on domain-driven design principles. Identify bounded contexts and separate concerns appropriately. Communication Protocols: Choose appropriate communication protocols for inter-service communication, such as HTTP, gRPC, or asynchronous messaging with technologies like ActiveMQ. Data Management: Decide on the appropriate data management strategy, considering factors like database per service, polyglot persistence, and eventual consistency patterns. Resilience and Fault Tolerance: Implement resilience patterns like circuit breakers, retries, and timeouts to handle failures gracefully. Use distributed tracing and monitoring tools for visibility into service behavior. Scalability: Design for horizontal scalability by ensuring statelessness, using load balancing, and leveraging container orchestration platforms like Kubernetes for dynamic scaling. Security: Implement security measures like authentication, authorization, and encryption to protect microservices and data. Apply least privilege principles and secure communication channels. Deployment and Automation: Utilize continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines for automated testing, building, and deploying microservices. Embrace infrastructure as code (IaC) for infrastructure provisioning and management. Observability: Implement logging, metrics, and tracing to monitor microservices' health, performance, and behavior in real-time. Use centralized logging and monitoring solutions for easier troubleshooting. Team Organization and Culture: Foster a DevOps culture where development, operations, and quality assurance teams collaborate closely. Empower autonomous, cross-functional teams to take ownership of microservices. Evolution and Versioning: Plan for the evolution of microservices by implementing backward-compatible APIs and versioning strategies. Consider API gateways for managing service versions and backward compatibility. For more information on you can also check this article: https://wllw.co/8OoWjjmGl #microservices #microservice #SoftwareDevelopment #DistributedSystems #atomikos

What are the most important aspects to consider when developing and scaling microservices? Here are some things you need to think about: Service Boundaries: Define clear and cohesive boundaries for your microservices based on business capabilities. Each microservice should encapsulate a specific function or feature. Decomposition Strategy: Break down monolithic applications into microservices based on domain-driven design principles. Identify bounded contexts and separate concerns appropriately. Communication Protocols: Choose appropriate communication protocols for inter-service communication, such as HTTP, gRPC, or asynchronous messaging with technologies like ActiveMQ. Data Management: Decide on the appropriate data management strategy, considering factors like database per service, polyglot persistence, and eventual consistency patterns. Resilience and Fault Tolerance: Implement resilience patterns like circuit breakers, retries, and timeouts to handle failures gracefully. Use distributed tracing and monitoring tools for visibility into service behavior. Scalability: Design for horizontal scalability by ensuring statelessness, using load balancing, and leveraging container orchestration platforms like Kubernetes for dynamic scaling. Security: Implement security measures like authentication, authorization, and encryption to protect microservices and data. Apply least privilege principles and secure communication channels. Deployment and Automation: Utilize continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines for automated testing, building, and deploying microservices. Embrace infrastructure as code (IaC) for infrastructure provisioning and management. Observability: Implement logging, metrics, and tracing to monitor microservices' health, performance, and behavior in real-time. Use centralized logging and monitoring solutions for easier troubleshooting. Team Organization and Culture: Foster a DevOps culture where development, operations, and quality assurance teams collaborate closely. Empower autonomous, cross-functional teams to take ownership of microservices. Evolution and Versioning: Plan for the evolution of microservices by implementing backward-compatible APIs and versioning strategies. Consider API gateways for managing service versions and backward compatibility. For more information on you can also check this article: https://wllw.co/s1GbDfH37 #microservices #microservice #SoftwareDevelopment #DistributedSystems #atomikos

🚀 Monolith vs. Microservices: Which one should you choose ? 🚀 When designing a software architecture, choosing between Monolithic and Microservices approaches is a fundamental decision. Let’s dive into the key differences to help you decide which suits your business best. 🗃️Monolithic Architecture In a monolithic structure, all components of an application are combined into a single, unified codebase. This architecture works well for: Simplicity: Easy to develop and deploy since everything is packaged together. Faster Development Cycles: Since there are fewer services to manage, it’s quicker to build and test features. Centralized Management: Debugging and making changes are simpler because everything exists in one place. 🚨However, as the business grows: Scaling is Challenging: Scaling specific components independently is difficult. You must scale the entire application, which can lead to resource inefficiency. Risk of Tight Coupling: A change in one part of the system can affect the entire application, making it difficult to maintain over time. Limited Technology Choices: All parts of the app must use the same tech stack, limiting flexibility. 🚀Microservices Architecture🚀 Microservices break down the application into smaller, independently deployable services. Each service has its own functionality and can operate autonomously. Key advantages include: Scalability: You can scale services independently based on demand. For instance, you can scale the payment service without affecting the user authentication service. Flexibility in Technology: Each microservice can be built using the tech stack best suited for it, allowing teams to use a mix of languages, frameworks, or databases. Agility and Faster Time to Market: Small, autonomous teams can work on different services simultaneously, speeding up development. 🚨Cons : Complexity: Managing multiple services increases operational complexity. It requires investment in DevOps, monitoring, and inter-service communication. Data Consistency Challenges: Handling data across distributed services introduces complexity, and ensuring data consistency becomes more difficult. Overhead in Deployment: More services mean more deployments, so your CI/CD pipeline needs to be robust. 🚀When to Choose Monolith? - Early-stage startups or smaller projects where speed and simplicity are key. - Projects with low complexity or when you’re aiming to launch an MVP quickly. - If you have a small team with limited DevOps expertise. 🚀When to Choose Microservices? - For large, complex systems with multiple modules that need independent scaling. - When your business is growing, and you expect frequent updates or want to enable parallel development. 💡 Pro Tip: You can start with a monolith for simplicity and transition to microservices as your business and system complexity grow. #SoftwareArchitecture #MonolithVsMicroservices #BusinessGrowth #Scalability #DevOps #SoftwareDevelopment

Well designing a Microservices Architecture

Make Each Microservice Rock Its Job, Docker for Easy Peasy Deploy, Let Kubernetes Handle Scaling and Management!!" 🔹𝗦𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗽𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆: Each microservice should focus on doing one thing really well. It keeps things simple and flexible. 🔹𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿𝘀: Use Docker to wrap and send your microservices anywhere you need them. It’s like packing your stuff for a trip, but for software. 🔹𝗢𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Think of Kubernetes like your personal assistant for managing all these microservices. It helps with scaling them up or down, and handling deployments smoothly. 🔹𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗙𝗮𝘂𝗹𝘁 𝗧𝗼𝗹𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲: Make sure your microservices can handle failures gracefully. It’s like having a plan B, C, and D ready when things go haywire. 🔹𝗦𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆: Each microservice should be able to grow on its own without causing chaos in the whole system. Think of it as adding more seats without rearranging the entire dining hall. 🔹𝗖𝗜/𝗖𝗗: Use fancy pipelines like Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment to automate testing and rollout. It’s like having a super-speedy conveyor belt for your software updates. 🔹𝗢𝗯𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆: Keep an eye on everything with fancy tools that log, trace, and measure what’s happening. It’s like having a CCTV for your software, but cooler. 🔹𝗦𝗲𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆: Lock down your microservices tighter than a bank vault. Use strong passwords, permissions, and encryption to keep things safe and sound. 🔹𝗔𝗣𝗜 𝗚𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘄𝗮𝘆: Think of it like the bouncer at a club—it controls who gets in and directs them to the right place. Keeps things organized and safe. 🔹𝗦𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗹𝗲𝘀𝘀: Design your microservices to not carry any emotional baggage (like data) between requests. It helps with flexibility and makes scaling easier. 🔹𝗗𝗕 𝗣𝗲𝗿 𝗦𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗲: Give each microservice its own private stash of data. It’s like giving each kid their own toy box—you avoid fights and everyone’s happy. 🔹𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁-𝗗𝗿𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗻 𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲: Imagine your microservices gossiping with each other through events. It’s like passing notes in class but with superpowers to get work done faster. Follow these tips, and you’ll build microservices that are strong, flexible, and stick around for the long pull! 𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗺𝘆 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 - https://lnkd.in/dxqEen4X