Akbar Mohebbi’s Post

A brief guide for Electrical Designing #electricaldesinging #electricalengineering #powersystems #electricalpanels #MDBsandSMDBs #construction #powerdistribution #electricalpanelselection

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Candor Electric is redefining spaces with precision and power. Our electrical conduit piping work guarantees a seamless flow of electricity. Did you know? Electrical conduits act as protective channels for electrical wires and cables, safeguarding them against potential harm caused by environmental elements like moisture, corrosion, and physical force. Trivia Question: What sets the red conduit pipes apart from the silver? Share your answers with us in the comments! #candorelectric #candorelectricchicago #chicagoelectrician #electrical #candorelectricchi #electricianlife #construction #electricity #contractor #electricalengineering #electric #electricalcontractor #electricalwork #engineering #lighting #power #electricianslife #renovation #electricalengineer #electricalhacks #builder #electricianspecialists #industrial #electricalrepairs #chicago #electrician

Let's see the meaning of BIL and SIL in the substation. During the substation equipment insulation level selection, in addition to considering the nominal system voltages, we also consider temporary overvoltage and impulse voltages that can appear on the system Basic Impulse Level (BIL) Typically synonymous with a lightning strike, this defines an impulse that has a fast front time of 1.2µs and a time to half-value of 50µs. Lightning strike impulses are usually unidirectional (applicable to phase-phase and phase-earth), and of very short duration. Switching Impulse Level (SIL) The switching impulse has a slower time to crest of 250µs and a time to half-value of 2500µs. As the voltage level increases, this type of impulse places more stress on equipment insulation, and so starts to be considered from above 220 kV. Switching impulses are usually highly damped and have a short duration. Note that both these levels are sometimes referred to as ‘withstand levels’, denoted as BIL and SIL. Contact us for the complete substation detail design training at +919354439397

What is the difference between Earthing and Grounding? Earthing and grounding are two terms that are often used interchangeably, but they have different meanings and purposes in electrical engineering. Earthing means connecting the non-current carrying parts of an electrical equipment, such as the metal casing or enclosure, to the earth. This is done to provide a safe path for the leakage or fault currents to flow to the ground, and to prevent electric shocks to humans or animals that may touch the equipment. Earthing also protects the equipment from lightning strikes and provides a reference point for the voltage levels in the system. The earth wire used for earthing is usually green in color. Grounding means connecting the current carrying parts of an electrical equipment, such as the neutral or return wire, to the ground. This is done to provide a return path for the currents that flow in the circuit, and to balance the unbalanced loads in the system. Grounding also eliminates the surge voltages and discharges the overvoltages to the ground. The wire used for grounding is usually black in color. The main difference between earthing and grounding is that earthing is done to protect humans and animals from electric shocks, while grounding is done to protect the electrical equipment from damage. Another difference is that earthing is a physical connection to the earth, while grounding is not necessarily a physical connection, but a potential reference to the earth.

What is the difference between Earthing and Grounding? Earthing and grounding are two terms that are often used interchangeably, but they have different meanings and purposes in electrical engineering. Earthing means connecting the non-current carrying parts of an electrical equipment, such as the metal casing or enclosure, to the earth. This is done to provide a safe path for the leakage or fault currents to flow to the ground, and to prevent electric shocks to humans or animals that may touch the equipment. Earthing also protects the equipment from lightning strikes and provides a reference point for the voltage levels in the system. The earth wire used for earthing is usually green in color. Grounding means connecting the current carrying parts of an electrical equipment, such as the neutral or return wire, to the ground. This is done to provide a return path for the currents that flow in the circuit, and to balance the unbalanced loads in the system. Grounding also eliminates the surge voltages and discharges the overvoltages to the ground. The wire used for grounding is usually black in color. The main difference between earthing and grounding is that earthing is done to protect humans and animals from electric shocks, while grounding is done to protect the electrical equipment from damage. Another difference is that earthing is a physical connection to the earth, while grounding is not necessarily a physical connection, but a potential reference to the earth.

#Earthingsystems; Principles, Types, Design Considerations & Maintenance Earthing systems are essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of electrical systems. These systems provide a low-resistance path to the earth, ensuring that fault current flows to the ground instead of through people and equipment. Earthing systems must comply with relevant electrical standards and regulations to ensure proper functionality and safety. Principles of Earthing Systems: - The primary purpose of an earthing system is to provide a low-impedance path for the flow of fault current to the earth, ensuring the safety of people and equipment. - The earthing system also helps to stabilize the voltage level and reduce the risk of electrical shock or fire. Types of Earthing Systems: - TT System: Connects the electrical equipment to the earth via an electrode or earth rod, ensuring a direct connection to the earth. - TN System: Connects the neutral point of the power supply to the earth, creating a low-impedance path for the flow of fault current. - IT System: Isolates the electrical equipment from the earth, providing a high level of protection against electrical shock. Design Considerations for Earthing Systems: - Measure soil resistivity of the earth electrode to ensure adequate grounding resistance. - Select the type of earthing system based on the specific requirements of the installation, such as power supply configuration, location, and size. - Periodically inspect and test the earthing system to ensure proper functionality and compliance with electrical standards. Jargons in the Industry: - Ground Resistance: Resistance of the earth electrode or grounding system. Step and Touch Potential: Potential difference between two points on the ground when a fault current flows through the earth. - Ground Fault: Occurs when an electrical current flows through the earth instead of following its intended path, causing electrical shocks, fires, or equipment damage. Maintenance of Earthing Systems: - Inspect and test the earthing system regularly to ensure it is functioning correctly. - Properly install and connect the earth electrode to the electrical system. - Keep the area around the earth electrode clear of debris and vegetation. - Conduct soil resistivity tests periodically to ensure that the grounding resistance remains low #electrical #maintenance #power #safety #electricalengineering #electricalsafety #electricalmaintenance Activate to view larger image,

CABLE SIZING Absolutely, selecting the appropriate size and type of cables is a crucial step in the electrical design process after load analysis. Here's a more detailed breakdown of the steps involved: Determine Load Current: Ø For single-phase systems: I=S/V Ø  For three-phase systems: I=S/square root of 3 * V Determine Circuit Breaker Current: Ø Icb=1.25×Load Current   Where: Icb is the circuit breaker current rating Select Cable Current Rating: I cable=1.2×Icb   Ensure that the cable current rating is higher than the circuit breaker current rating. Apply Derating Factors: Derating factors account for variations in temperature, depth, soil thermal resistivity, and other environmental conditions. Iderated=Icable× Derating Factor Apply Grouping Factor: If multiple cables are installed in close proximity, a grouping factor is applied. Igrouped=Iderated×Grouping FactorIgrouped=Iderated×Grouping Factor Refer to Cable Catalogue: Use the cable catalogue to find a cable size (cross-sectional area - CSA) that can handle the calculated current after applying derating and grouping factors. Ensure the selected cable size is equal to or greater than the calculated value. Check Voltage Drop: Assess voltage drop across the cable, ensuring it meets acceptable limits. The voltage drop is influenced by the cable length, current, and cable resistance. Consider Future Expansion: If there's a possibility of future load expansion, account for it in the sizing process to avoid having to replace the entire cable. Compliance with Standards: Ensure that the selected cable size and the overall design comply with relevant electrical codes and standards. Documentation: Document all calculations, assumptions, and the selected cable size for future reference and compliance. Always consult local electrical codes and standards, and it's advisable to involve a qualified electrical engineer in the cable sizing process to ensure safety and compliance.

Streamline your electrical installations with Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT). Its durable, corrosion-resistant design ensures long-lasting protection and a sleek, professional finish for your wiring needs. ⚡🔧 P.S. Looking for more electrical tips? Follow us for updates and industry insights! #ElectricalEngineering #EMT #WiringSolutions #BuildingConstruction #ElectricalSafety #Conduit #ElectricalInstallations #ProfessionalFinish

Nameplate rating vs Practical/In-Panel/Operational Ratings: Understanding the crucial disparity between nameplate/nominal ratings and practical ratings is paramount in Electrical Engineering. It transcends traditional charts, demanding a deep grasp of application nuances and product engineering expertise. Operating conditions in the field often deviate from standard norms, necessitating careful consideration of derating factors during design. For instance, a power cable rated at 20°C for a single cable in ideal conditions may experience severe derating when multiple cables are bundled together in 40°C ambient temperatures. Similarly, busbars in panels require derating due to factors like temperature, cooling, and harmonics. Operational ratings, lower than nominal ratings, ensure efficient performance in real-world scenarios. Designers must select equipment with nominal ratings significantly higher than the expected operational load, factoring in derating considerations. A cable tasked with carrying 50A may require a cross-section rated to carry well above 50A to perform optimally. Likewise, panels designed for 2000A operations may need capacities of 3200/4000A to accommodate installation variables effectively. A meticulous specifier includes nominal ratings in project specifications, accounting for derating factors and avoiding assumptions of nominal outputs under practical conditions. Sharpening this understanding elevates engineering precision and ensures robust performance in diverse electrical installations. #ElectricalEngineering #DeratingFactors #OperationalPerformance #EngineeringDesign