AST S.p.A. provides a complete range of steam conditioning products, including high rangeability control valves and a variety of desuperheater models, for critical applications on steam conditioning system. For precise temperature control in critical applications, AST can supply the actuated multi-nozzle steam desuperheater model DS-3700, designed to maximize system turn-down and actual steam flow ratio. The DS-3700 desuperheater allows to control the temperature at low steam velocity and ensures high system turndown with practically unlimited rangeability. Additionally, it minimizes the distance of the temperature sensor from the water injection point thanks to the short evaporation time required by the finely atomized water. The DS-3700 model is available up to Class 2500, with steam side pipe dimensions 3" ÷ 40" and above and flow rate coefficient from Cv 0.09 to 26. Here some of our DS-3700 models, showing different nozzle sets up to more than 50 micro-nozzles for applications with very low steam velocity at minimum load. #desuperheatermodels #controlvalves #steamconditioningsystem #nozzle #highquality #customizedengineering #oilandgas
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#screw_compressor, #Scorg , #centrifugal_pump, #pumplinx, #pump_selection, #Cfturbo, #gas_turbine #heat_exchanger #reactor #pressure_vessel #Piping #Design.
The ten stage #compressor has slots for bleed-off air after the second and fifth stage. The air flows through the slots into two cavities, the low pressure (LP) and the high pressure (HP) bleed cavities located between the inner stator blade carrier ring and the outer casing. Sealing air to #bearing no 1 is supplied internally from the LP bleed air cavity. The major part of the air flows via the bearing housing to the lube oil reservoir, because this is kept at a sub-atmospheric pressure maintained by the oil mist fan. The minor part flows via the labyrinth sealings into the compressor flow path. Sealing to bearing no 3 is taken from the lower part of the LP bleed air cavity and is led to the bearing via an external pipe. One part of the air flows from the bearing to the outlet casing, the other part flows with the return oil flow to the oil reservoir. Sealing air to bearing no 2 is taken from the compressor discharge. The air is hot and has to be cooled down in the external sealing air cooler before entering the bearing. Air flow from the bearing is extracted to the lube oil reservoir, then led to the atmosphere via an oil mist separator. The transport is maintained by the oil mist fan. Sealing air is also supplied to the power turbine from the HP bleed cavity. The two stages of the compressor turbine are cooled by air from the compressor. Both the guide vanes and the blades are hollow to allow the cooling air to flow inside, which makes the cooling more effective. Cooling air to the power turbine is mainly taken from the HP bleed cavity. Cooling and sealing air is fed via an external pipe to a ring manifold. From there, individual flexible hoses supply the third stage guide vanes with cooling for disc cooling purposes. #Siemens #SGT600 #Alstom #Gas_Turbine #Sealing_air #Cooling_air #power_turbine #توربین_گاز
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Automatic Control Engineering General Manager at Cairo Oil Refining Company (CORC)
Description Of Anti-Surge Control The operation of centrifugal compressors can become unstable due to changes in many conditions such as flow rate, pressure or compressor operation. No compressor system is immune to sudden upsets at one time or another. Typically, throttling open the antisurge valve prevents surge. However, the speed of approaching surge is such that most conventional control systems cannot cope with it. A high-speed control system with precise control algorithms is required to ensure safe and efficient surge protection. Besides this, it is critical that the entire system be designed properly, to include: 1 - High speed pressure and flow transmitters 2- A properly sized antisurge valve with a fast stroke speed (less than 2 sec.) 3- Decoupling of control actions between the process control system and the antisurge control system in order to avoid control loop interactions The result is a totally integrated system that provides safe and efficient surge protection with stable and precise process control.
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What Is An Automatic Drain Valve? Let’s talk about how the automatic drain valve works. It works by allowing the condensate to flow to the valve’s condensation reservoir. Once the liquid in the condensation reservoir reaches to a point that the float lifts off the seats, it sends control air pressure to the pneumatic piston so that the ¾ ported ball valve is opened. Similarly, motorized automatic drain valves can be wired to lower and upper limit liquid level sensors so that it can used as a zero-loss drain valve. #drain #atlascopco #aircompressor #compressedair
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CEO at FurnicoHeat - High Temperature & Fired Equipment, Pollution Control Services
#mechaniverse Combustion air measurement To properly control the combustion air, O2 and CO must be measured at the top of the radiant section where combustion is completed, regardless of the burner loading. Note that O2 and CO will coexist within the flames, where the temperature may be as high as 1200˚C. Low NOx burners may use delayed completion of combustion through staged air to fuel mixing, or external recirculation of cooler flue gas with combustion air, reducing peak flame temperature. In either case, to effectively control the combustion process it is essential to measure O2 and CO at the top of the radiant section, ideally 1 ft. / 0,3 m below the roof tubes where combustion reaction is expected to complete under all heater operating loading conditions. Using a Tunable Diode Laser Spectrometer (TDLS) in concert with a dedicated controller, a cross sectional average O2 and CO density rather than a localized spot measurement can be measured to determine the right air/fuel ratio. Using an average O2 value and CO limit value produces safer burner control and greater overall heater efficiency. 🔥 Follow me on LinkedIn: https://lnkd.in/dyJ4T5Dn 🔥 Join me on telegram: https://t.me/firedheater #mechanicalengineer #processdesign #firedheater #API #Emissions #Pollutants
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4V230-06 Enhance system efficiency with proper selection and installation of directional control valves. Ensure compatibility with system requirements and consider factors like pressure ratings and response times. #ControlValve #SystemOptimization #ValveSelection #Pneumatic https://buff.ly/3Ug3jFu
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A Breather Valve, also known as a Pressure/ Vacuum Relief Valve or Pressure/ Vacuum Valves, is an automatic or vacuum-relieving device actuated to protect low pressure storage tanks from excessive pressure or vacuum. When out-breathing happens? 1. When the tank is pumped in with the fluid: The liquid level in the tank will increase. Therefore, vapor space will be less which will result in pressure increase. (As a result the PVV valve will release some of the vapor to decrease the pressure to the normal set point pressure). 2. During summer: The stored liquid will be heated up and some of the liquid will convert to vapor and the vapor will expand inside the tank which will cause pressure rise. (As a result the PVV valve will release some of the vapor to decrease the pressure to the normal set point pressure) When in-breathing happens? 1. When the liquid is pumped out from the tank. The liquid level inside the tank decreases which will result in decrease in the pressure. (If the tank is blanketed. The blanketing gas regulator will supply blanketing gas to increase the pressure. If the tank is not blanketed or the blanketing gas regulator fails, then the PVV will supply air to increase the pressure.) 2. During winter: Vapor space cools down and condenses, so we need to supply more blanketing gas #WorkingPrinciple #PressureVacuumReliefValve #BreatherValve #KoreaSteelPowerCorp #KSPC
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Vacuum pumps that are installed in high-pressure systems which operate at a significantly higher pressure than the permissible operating pressure of the vacuum pump need reliable protection against excess and residual pressure. The WEH TVS20 and TVS21 vacuum pressure relief modules are designed precisely for this application. If excess pressure builds up, the vacuum check valve opens and allows the pressure to escape into the room or the open air. Even brief spells of inlet pressure of up to 420 bar are safely relieved by the pressure relief device in the outlet to the vacuum pump, up to an excess pressure of 0.2 bar.
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What is a Fired Heater? A fired heater is a type of industrial heater 🔥 that uses a fuel source 🛢️ to generate heat, which is then transferred to a fluid or process material. It’s an essential piece of equipment in many manufacturing 🏭 and processing industries. Core Components of a Fired Heater: 1- Burners 🔥: The heart of the operation where fuel (like gas or oil) ignites to produce a controlled and efficient flame. Precision in burner operation is crucial for effective combustion and reduced emissions. 2- Radiant Tubes 🌟: Arranged within the radiant section, these tubes hold the process fluid, absorbing heat mainly through radiation from the firebox. 3- Firebox 🏠: The combustion chamber where the magic happens! It's built to withstand extreme temperatures and direct heat effectively to the radiant tubes. Refractory Lining 🧱: This protective layer inside the firebox guards against intense heat and heat leakage to the surrounding, preserving the structure’s integrity and longevity and the unit efficiency. Bridge Wall 🌉: Acts as a partial separator between the radiant and convection sections, guiding the hot combustion gases for optimal heat distribution. it's a critical point to control the furnace though. Shock Bank ⚡: Positioned in the convection section to absorb thermal shocks, protecting the convection tubes from high temperature from radiant section. Convection Bank 🌬️: Harnesses remaining heat in the combustion gases to heat the process fluid through convection, situated above or next to the radiant section. feed usually meet the flue gas here before entering the radiant section. Breach 🚪: The crucial passageway for combustion gases moving from the heater to the stack, ensuring safe and efficient gas flow. Damper 🌬️🔧: Located in the stack, this adjustable component controls the draft and flow of gases, crucial for process control and efficiency. Stack 🏭: The towering structure that releases combustion gases into the atmosphere after they’ve traveled through the heater, also aiding in pulling fresh air into the system. #Process_equipment #Abdelrahman_Alrawi ⭐ #Chemical_engineering_ambassador ✨ …see more 189
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