First introduced in 1989, Passivated Emitter and Rear Contact (PERC) panels are modified silicon cells that have an additional layer on the back. Because this extra layer is reflective, it is able to send unused light back across the n-type and p-type junctions to generate more #energy. Better still, this reflective surface also helps to reduce rear recombination and prevent longer wavelengths from becoming heat that would otherwise impair the cell’s performance. Have you worked with PERC #panels before? Let us know in the comments. #AuroraSolar https://bit.ly/3JPEnPv
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As the tech world evolves, so do the challenges of heat dissipation. Find out how thermal interface materials play a pivotal role in enhancing the efficiency and reliability of high-speed transceivers like QSFP-DD modules. https://prker.co/47QKldJ #Thermal
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#100daysamplifierdesign #100daysamplifierdesign Day13 The emitter (or source) degeneration resistor is crucial in stabilizing the gain of a transistor amplifier. This resistor, placed in series with the emitter (or source), provides negative feedback that helps to stabilize the operating point and make the gain less sensitive to variations in temperature and transistor parameters. The resistor works by increasing the voltage drop across it as the emitter (or source) current increases. This increase in voltage drop reduces the base-emitter (or gate-source) voltage, which in turn reduces the current through the transistor, counteracting the initial increase. This feedback mechanism helps to stabilize the gain. It is called "degeneration" because the resistor partially counters the transistor's amplification, effectively reducing (or degenerating) the gain. Despite this reduction, the stability it provides is highly beneficial, making the amplifier's performance more consistent and reliable across varying conditions.
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This post is an abridged copy of a Toshiba application note. In my humble opinion, the original document and this post include many inaccuracies and errors. The biggest one being the shape of the diode voltage during and after the reverse recovery duration. The reverse recovery process is initiated by a reversal of the diode voltage so after the reverse recovery ends the diode voltage is the imposed negative voltage and not zero as seen in the figure. An explanation of the diode reverse recovery process and its implications can be found in https://lnkd.in/ebZ8WQhb
BacktoBasics: Reverse Recovery Time of Diodes You would have heard this a countless number of times, "Schottky diodes are fast". Ever stopped to wonder what is "fast" about them and why? Let's explore that today When a Silicon PN jn diode is forward-biased, current flows through it once the voltage is above the depletion layer potential. Now assume the case, where you suddenly remove the forward voltage and apply a negative voltage across it. We expect the diode to become reverse-biased and have no current flow. This occurs, but not as immediately as you think. There is a finite delay post the switching, where the current flowing across the junction goes negative(Or flows opposite). This occurs because when the diode is conducting, minority carriers (electrons in the P-type material and holes in the N-type material) accumulate near the junction. When the diode switches off, these minority carriers must return to their original regions or recombine. The accumulated charge in the junction decreases to zero. Now the current starts flowing in the opposite direction and this is known as the reverse recovery current. It goes up to a negative value and then slowly recombines back to a zero state when the diode becomes non-conducting. The delay time needed for it is called Reverse Recovery Time. This delay causes power losses whenever a diode voltage switches so you always try to use diodes with low reverse recovery time. It becomes critical in switching power supplies with high switching rates. Schottky diodes don't have this problem because it's not a PN junction. It's formed with a N-type material and a metal junction. Hence they have low switching loss and have a "fast" switching time with usually an order of magnitude faster times. So always check the switching times of diodes in the datasheet and use it to find the fastest edge switching rate in your application for the diode. #BackToBasics #diodes #power #powerloss #Voltage
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Professor, Yeungnam University & Editor-In-Chief, Int J Nanomater Nanotechnol & Nanomedicine (ISSN 2455-3492) and Science Dialectica (ISSN: 3048-5754)
Supercapattery: Combines both diffusion-controlled and capacitive charge storage mechanisms to simultaneously deliver exceptional power density and energy density - thus bridging the gap between supercapacitors and batteries.
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👉 Minimalist Series Negative Pressure Power Supply Needle Bed 💭 Power conversion efficiency >90% Maximum current--300A Current shock< 5% F.S Current response time <10ms 💎 Tray double positioning mechanism, positioning accuracy ≤±0.5mm; 💎 Series charging and discharging technology (optional for minimalist series and bypass series); 💎 The switching impact is small (the peak value of current ripple in the switching process and the whole process is <5%FS, and the response time is <10ms); 💎 Charging and discharging efficiency of power supply > 90%; Si-C technology is adopted to reduce power supply volume and improve power conversion efficiency; 💎 Supports up to 120 channels in series, with an optional number of channels; 💎 Self developed air pressure control system with a control accuracy of ± 1Kpa; Wide compatibility range, compatible with multiple battery cell models according to requirements. #battery #cell #cellproduction
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Business Development Specialist at JBD 🤝 I help importer/distributors/wholesalers grow busienss by providing them qualified products--All-in-One System/Inverter /Batteries box/BMS/Cell and promotion support.
🚀 Lithium-Ion Voltage 101 🔋 Hey tech enthusiasts! Let's dive into the voltage specs of two popular lithium-ion batteries: 🔵 NMC Batteries: 🔋 Full Charge: 4.2V 📍 Nominal: 3.7V 🚫 Cut-off: 2.7V 🟢 LFP Batteries: 🔋 Full Charge: 3.65V 📍 Nominal: 3.2V 🚫 Cut-off: 2.2V 🔌 Power Up Tips: 🔗 Series: Boost voltage, same capacity. 🔄 Parallel: Increase capacity, same voltage. Knowing these voltage levels is key to maximizing performance and safety. Let's keep innovating and powering the future! What's your take on battery tech? Comment below! #LithiumIon #VoltageSpecs #BatteryTech #Innovation
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Capacitors are energy storage devices used for many purposes: as elements of resonant circuits, for coupling, blockage of DC current, as high frequency impedance matching, as filters, and in voltage suppression. Learn all about chip caps in this article: https://ed.gr/egagp
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Cell sorting and matching equipments, voltage difference 3mv, internal resistance difference 3mΩ The better the consistency of the cells, the longer the life of the battery pack. #batterypacks #lithiumbatteryforev
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Do you know the alternative to traditional transistors is the memristor. A memristor is a non-volatile two-terminal electrical component that maintains a changing state based on the flow of electric charge. It has properties that make it a potential alternative for certain applications in memory and processing. Also to keep in mind that while memristors show promise, they are not a direct replacement for all transistor functions.
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Lithium-Ion battery's introduce: Lithium-ion battery is a secondary battery (rechargeable battery) that mainly relies on the movement of lithium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to work. During the charging and discharging process, Li+ is embedded and de-embedded between the two electrodes: when charging, Li+ is de-embedded from the positive electrode and embedded in the negative electrode through the electrolyte, and the negative electrode is in a lithium-rich state; when discharging, the opposite is true.
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3moThe advancements in Passivated Emitter and Rear Contact (PERC) panels since their introduction in 1989 are truly impressive. The additional reflective layer not only enhances energy generation by redirecting unused light but also mitigates performance issues caused by heat. This innovation represents a significant leap in solar technology efficiency. Has anyone had firsthand experience working with PERC panels? What benefits or challenges have you encountered in your projects? Sharing these insights could be incredibly valuable for those considering the adoption of PERC technology.