BIOMEDICA CRO’s Post

When a I sit in front of a newly diagnosed patient with hidradenitis suppurativa, they often ask me the same three question: 1) Why did I get this disease? 2) Is it contagious? 3) How can I treat it and will I be cured? What I rarely, if ever, hear them ask is whether there are any long-term dangers - particular in the form of cancer. Since the disease is characterized by substantial skin inflammation we assumed that patients could indeed be at a higher risk of developing skin cancers. So together with Henrik Hjalgrim and Kræftens Bekæmpelse we at Dermatology Research Department Zealand University Hospital and LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center (SIC) investigated occurrences of cancer amongst cancer-naïve patients with hidradenitis suppurativa between 1977 and 2017 and compared the rates to that of the entire Danish population during the same time-period. The results were recently published in Acta Oncologica, and were truly surprising. This patient population does not suffer from increased risk of skin cancer - rather they suffer from a marked 40% overall increase in cancer risk. This is contributable to increased risk of cancer from the oral cavity; respiratory system; digestive organs; urinary tract; and lymphatic tissues. For many of these the risk was further compounded in patients with severe disease. If you find this as surprising as we did, and want to read our article: Increased cancer incidence among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa – a Danish nationwide register study 1977–2017, the following link will bring you to an open access version of the article: https://lnkd.in/dxxY6FWB

Hi guys My newest study, "Keratinocyte Exosomes for Topical Delivery of Tofacitinib in Treatment of Psoriasis: An In Vitro/In Vivo Study in an Animal Model of Psoriasis," has been released as open access. In psoriasis (and perhaps other autoimmune skin diseases), keratinocyte cells release small vesicles known as exosomes, which affect nearby keratinocyte and immune cells and cause the condition to flare up. In our recent article, we delve into the fascinating world of keratinocyte exosomes and their potential therapeutic applications. Psoriasis, along with other autoimmune skin diseases, poses significant challenges for patients, and understanding the underlying mechanisms is crucial. Here are the key highlights from our research: Exosome Significance: Keratinocyte cells release small vesicles known as exosomes. These vesicles play a pivotal role in cell-to-cell communication, affecting both neighboring keratinocytes and immune cells. Importantly, they carry surface-specific biomarkers that facilitate their entry into target cells. Hypothesis-Driven Approach: Building upon this hypothesis, we embarked on an innovative journey. Our goal was to exploit the unique properties of keratinocyte exosomes for targeted drug delivery. Specifically, we loaded an immunosuppressive drug—Tofacitinib—into these exosomes. In Vitro and In Vivo Validation: Through rigorous in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrated the feasibility of using keratinocyte exosomes as carriers for drug delivery. By harnessing their natural affinity for target cells, we aimed to enhance drug efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. Open Access Publication: We are thrilled to share that our article is available as open access. You can access it with the DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03648-0. Your Support Matters: As fellow researchers, we invite you to explore our findings and consider incorporating them into your own work. If our research proves useful, feel free to cite our article in your references. Thank you for your interest, and we look forward to advancing the field of dermatology/drug delivery/immunology through collaborative efforts.

Hot off the press! We are delighted to share our recent study on the expression characteristics of Nectin-4 in a subset of cutaneous adnexal neoplasms. Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is an FDA-approved antibody-drug conjugate targeting Nectin-4 for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma in adults who have previously undergone immune checkpoint inhibitor and platinum-containing chemotherapy. According to our findings, EV could potentially serve as a therapeutic option for patients with advanced adnexal carcinomas. Feel free to explore the details if you have an interest in dermatopathology and IHC pathology [PMID: 38200650]! 😆🔬#pathology #dermatopathology #immunohistochemistry

Synergistic immunomodulatory effect of synbiotics pre- and postoperative resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a randomized controlled study https://lnkd.in/gsk2XyqF “`html Benefits of Synbiotics in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Treatment Synbiotics: A New Approach to Improve PDAC Treatment Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with a low survival rate. The standard treatment involves surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, but these treatments have limitations. Synbiotics, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics, have shown promise in improving PDAC treatment outcomes. Synergistic Immunomodulatory Effect of Synbiotics A recent study found that synbiotics can enhance the immune system, leading to a lower incidence of postoperative infections and a shorter hospital stay for PDAC patients. Synbiotics also increased the number of essential immune cells, potentially aiding in the fight against cancer cells. Modulating the Immune System Synbiotics can improve the balance of gut bacteria, leading to a more robust immune response. This is crucial in PDAC treatment, as the immune system plays a critical role in fighting cancer cells. Reducing Side Effects and Direct Anti-Cancer Effects Synbiotics may help alleviate the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy by restoring the balance of gut bacteria. Additionally, certain probiotic strains have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth, potentially enhancing the effects of traditional cancer treatments. Promising Results and Future Research The study’s findings provide hope for PDAC patients and highlight the potential benefits of incorporating synbiotics into standard treatment protocols. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and determine the optimal use of synbiotics in PDAC treatment. “` #ClinicalTrials #AIinHealthcare #MedicalAI #HealthTech #DigitalHealth #PatientCareAI #AIResearch #MedicalInnovation #BioTech #AIforGood #HealthcareData #AIinMedicine #PharmaAI #ClinicalData #HealthAI #AIHealthSolutions #PrecisionMedicine #AIandHealth #ClinicalAnalytics #AIDiagnostics

📃Scientific paper: Immune signatures predict development of autoimmune toxicity in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors Abstract: Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are among the most promising treatment options for melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While ICIs can induce effective anti-tumor responses, they may also drive serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Identifying biomarkers to predict which patients will suffer from irAEs would enable more accurate clinical risk-benefit analysis for ICI treatment and may also shed light on common or distinct mechanisms underpinning treatment success and irAEs. Methods: In this prospective multi-center study, we combined a multi-omics approach including unbiased single-cell profiling of over 300 peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples and high-throughput proteomics analysis of over 500 serum samples to characterize the systemic immune compartment of patients with melanoma or NSCLC before and during treatment with ICIs. Findings: When we combined the parameters obtained from the multi-omics profiling of patient blood and serum, we identified potential predictive biomarkers for ICI-induced irAEs. Specifically, an early increase in CXCL9/CXCL10/CXCL11 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) 1 to 2 weeks after the start of therapy are likely indicators of heightened risk of developing irAEs. In addition, an early expansion of Ki-67+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Ki-67+ CD8+ T cells is also likely to be associated with increased risk of irAEs. Conclusions: We suggest that the combination of these cellular and proteomic biomarke... Continued on ES/IODE ➡️ https://etcse.fr/ZCm ------- If you find this interesting, feel free to follow, comment and share. We need your help to enhance our visibility, so that our platform continues to serve you.

GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS: ABOUT 4 CASES AT THE ANGRE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL (CÖTE D’IVOIRE) Henriette Ya Kissi Anzouan-Kacou1,2, Adjéka Stanislas Doffou1,2, Aboubacar Demba Bangoura1,2, Abdoulatif Yaogo1,2, Amoin Ange Christelle Degnon1, Innocents Boa Brou1, Alain Koffi Attia1,2 1 University Hospital of Angré, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. 2 Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. Henriette Ya Kissi Anzouan-Kacou, MD, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit. Adjéka Stanislas Doffou, MD, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit. Aboubacar Demba Bangoura, MD, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit. Abdoulatif Yaogo, MD, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit. Amoin Ange Christelle Degnon, resident, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit. Innocents Boa Brou, MD, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit Alain Koffi Attia, MD, Hepato-gastroenterology Unit Corresponding author: Henriette Ya Kissi Anzouan-Kacou, kissihy@yahoo.fr, Tel: +225 0545350000 DOI: 10.21608/ajgh.2024.292167.1055. Submission date:23 May 2024. Revision date: 04 August 2024. Acceptance date: 05 August 2024. First online: 10 August 2024. ABSTRACT Background Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are rare, sporadic connective tissue tumors. Very few cases have been reported in Africa, including Ivory Coast. Aim To report 4 cases of GIST at the Angré University Hospital in Ivory Coast. Patients and method It was a retrospective case series from April 2, 2020, to May 31, 2023, at the Hepato-gastroenterology Unit of the Angré University Hospital. GIST cases followed in consultation or hospitalization, confirmed by pathological examination and immunohistochemistry, were included. Data collection was based on consultation and hospitalization files, entered and processed anonymously. The variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic data. Results We reported four cases of GIST. The patients had an average age of 61.7 years with a sex ratio of 1. The circumstances of discovery were a digestive hemorrhage, an epigastric mass, epigastric pain, and anorexia. The most common area was the stomach (3), and there was 1 case of mesentery GIST. Immunohistochemistry found three moderate to intense cytoplasmic and membrane markings by the anti-CD117 antibody, four markings for the anti-DOG1 antibody, three markings by the anti-CD34 antibody, and two membrane markings of the endothelial cell by the antibody anti-CD31. Treatment was surgical in 2 patients, followed by adjuvant treatment with Imatinib. The other two patients were treated with Imatinib alone for one and as neoadjuvant for the other, which will be followed by surgery if the tumor size regressed. Conclusion Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are rare pathologies with non-specific symptoms. For optimal management, the diagnosis must be confirmed by immunohistochemistry.

🔬🩺 #EsophagealCancer | It can occur when a malignant tumor forms in the lining of the esophagus. 🔬🩺 Esophageal cancer (EC) is cancer that occurs in the esophagus (a long hollow tube that connects the throat to the stomach). Usually, it develops in the cells that line the internal parts of the esophagus. It can occur anywhere along the length of the esophagus. Globally, it is the sixth most frequent cause of cancer-related fatalities. Esophageal cancer affects men more commonly as compared to the women. In the initial stages, any prominent signs and symptoms of this disease may not be seen. But gradually as the disease progresses the patient may experience, dysphagi (Problem with swallowing), loss of weight without effort, discomfort or burning sensation in the chest accompanied by pain, heartburn etc. Treatment is best managed by a multidisciplinary team including surgeons, gastroenterologists, medical oncologists, radiologists, radiation oncologists, and pathologists. For further details, visit our page @ https://lnkd.in/g5wgimuf and spread the word and support ongoing research to find better treatments and solutions. #CancerAwareness #HealthEducation #EarlyDetection #SupportResearch #FightCancer #EsophagealCancerTreatment #EsophagealCancerDiagnosis #EsophagealCancerManagment #EsophagealCancerCauses #EsophagealCancerSymptoms #Dysphagi #Surgery #Radiotherapy #Chemotherapy #Immunotherapy #TargetedTherapy #Bhimar #LifeSciences #Healthcare

📃Scientific paper: Efficacy of fosfomycin compared to second generation cephalosporin flumarin as antimicrobial prophylaxis for transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: a single center retrospective study Abstract: Background Fluoroquinolone has been the historic choice of antimicrobial prophylaxis for transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy. However, increased fluoroquinolone resistance and recent restrictions of its use for antimicrobial prophylaxis has led to the emergence of alternative agents for antimicrobial prophylaxis for TRUS guided prostate biopsy including fosfomycin and cephalosporins. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of fosfomycin and a second-generation cephalosporin flumarin as alternative antimicrobials for TRUS-guided prostate biopsy in terms of the incidence of infectious complications after TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. Methods A retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent TRUS-guided prostate biopsy between November 2009 to January 2023 was undertaken. Comparison of baseline characteristics and the incidence of infectious complications was done between those who received fosfomycin as antimicrobial prophylaxis for TRUS-guided prostate biopsy and those who received flumarin. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors for infectious complications after TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. Results Of 2,900 patients identified as eligible candidates for analysis, 333 (11.5%) received fosfomycin and 2,567 (88.5%) received flumarin. The overall rate of infectious complications was approximately 3% lower in patients who received fosfomycin, although such difference did not reach statistical significanc... Continued on ES/IODE ➡️ https://etcse.fr/TbFp ------- If you find this interesting, feel free to follow, comment and share. We need your help to enhance our visibility, so that our platform continues to serve you.

MP4 video; Gallbladder benign tumor . . . . . MP4 video credit to @histology_yolly Benign Gallbladder Tumors: These are non-cancerous growths in the gallbladder. The most common types include adenomas, cholesterol polyps, and leiomyomas. •Types of Benign Gallbladder Tumors: 1. Adenomas: Glandular origin, can be precursors to malignancy. 2. Cholesterol Polyps: Deposits of cholesterol in the gallbladder wall. 3. Leiomyomas: Tumors originating from the smooth muscle layer of the gallbladder. • Etiology: 1. Chronic Inflammation: Recurrent gallbladder inflammation, often due to gallstones, can lead to cellular changes and benign tumor formation. 2. Genetic Factors: Genetic mutations or familial predispositions may contribute to the development of these tumors. 3. Metabolic Disorders: Conditions like hypercholesterolemia can lead to cholesterol polyps. •Pathogenesis: 1. Chronic Inflammation: Persistent inflammation from gallstones or chronic cholecystitis causes epithelial cell proliferation. 2. Cellular Proliferation: In response to chronic irritation, epithelial cells may proliferate abnormally, forming adenomas or polyps. 3. Lipid Accumulation: In cholesterol polyps, lipid-laden macrophages deposit cholesterol in the gallbladder wall. •Clinical Manifestations: - Often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during imaging for other conditions. - When symptomatic, may cause: - Abdominal pain (especially in the right upper quadrant) - Nausea and vomiting - Dyspepsia - Complications like obstruction of the cystic duct can mimic biliary colic. •Diagnosis: Imaging: Ultrasound is the primary diagnostic tool, showing polyps or masses. CT Scan/MRI: Provide detailed imaging, useful for distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS): Offers detailed images and the possibility of biopsy. •Treatment: -Monitoring: Small, asymptomatic polyps (<10mm) are often monitored with regular ultrasounds. -Surgical Removal: Indicated for larger polyps (>10mm), symptomatic tumors, or when malignancy cannot be ruled out. -Cholecystectomy: Surgical removal of the gallbladder is the definitive treatment. •Prognosis: - Generally favorable for benign tumors. - Regular follow-up is essential to monitor for potential malignant transformation, particularly in adenomas.

📃Scientific paper: Safety, feasibility, and quality of thulium laser en-bloc resection for treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer Abstract: Background Trans-Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumors (TURBT) is a critical step in diagnosis, staging and treatment of bladder tumors. Conventional TURBT (cTURBT) involves the electro-resection of the tumor into small fragments. This technique leads to concerns about the completeness of resection, under-staging, bleeding, cancer cell implantation, and most importantly, risk of tumour recurrence. To circumvent this, laser en-bloc resection of bladder tumors has been introduced. Objectives Assessment of the safety, feasibility, and quality of Thulium Laser En-bloc Resection of Tumors (TmL-ERBT) for treatment of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) in various urinary bladder walls as a primary endpoint. The secondary endpoints were to investigate the feasibility of thulium laser use in the re-staging cystoscopy and to evaluate the learning curve of TmL-ERBT. Methods This is a prospective observational study including all newly diagnosed patients, above 18 years old, with a urinary bladder mass ≤ 4 cm in maximal dimension (measured via bladder ultrasound or CT or MRI). All patients underwent TmL-ERBT under regional anaesthesia in a lithotomy position. All intraoperative complications such as obturator nerve reflex, bladder perforation, and significant bleeding were recorded. Postoperative variables such as the mean catheterization time, bladder irrigation fluid volume and duration, and the mean of hospital stay as well as the postoperative complications were rec... Continued on ES/IODE ➡️ https://etcse.fr/jwQx ------- If you find this interesting, feel free to follow, comment and share. We need your help to enhance our visibility, so that our platform continues to serve you.