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Mastering these Terraform commands—𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕, 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒆, 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒏, 𝒂𝒑𝒑𝒍𝒚, 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒅𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒚—enables you to streamline infrastructure management, reduce errors, and achieve consistency and scalability. This workflow has been a game changer for me, enhancing efficiency and reliability in every project. Terraform, with its powerful Infrastructure as Code (IaC) capabilities, has transformed how I approach this task. Let me share how mastering Terraform's workflow can elevate your DevOps game. 𝐓𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐚𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐈𝐧𝐢𝐭 🔧 The journey starts with terraform init. This command sets up your working directory, downloads the necessary provider plugins, and prepares your environment. It's the crucial first step that ensures everything is in place for a smooth operation. 𝐓𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐚𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐕𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞 ✅ Next, terraform validate checks the syntax and logic of your configuration files. This step is essential for catching errors early, ensuring that your configurations are correct, and saving you from potential deployment issues. 𝐓𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐚𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐏𝐥𝐚𝐧 🔍 With terraform plan, you can see a preview of the changes Terraform will make to your infrastructure. This command generates an execution plan, allowing you to review and understand the impact of your changes before applying them. It's all about transparency and control. 𝐓𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐚𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐀𝐩𝐩𝐥𝐲 🚀 Terraform applies and brings your plan to life by executing the changes. This command automates the provisioning process, ensuring your infrastructure is consistent and reducing manual intervention. It’s about turning your desired state into reality efficiently. 𝐓𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐚𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐃𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐲 🔄 Finally, terraform destroy is used to safely and efficiently tear down your infrastructure. It helps manage costs by eliminating resources that are no longer needed, keeping your environment clean and cost-effective. 🔗 Let’s connect and share insights on Terraform and DevOps best practices. Together, we can innovate and elevate our infrastructure management skills to new heights. 🌐 for more updates please follow Aman Gupta, Ashish Kumar and DevOps Insiders #DevOps #Terraform #IaC #CloudComputing #Automation #InfrastructureManagement #CI/CD #TechInnovation #DevOpsLife

🚀 Maturity Levels of Infrastructure as Code (IaC) with a focus on integrating Shift Left Security checks! 🌟 Infrastructure as Code (IaC) has transformed the way organizations manage and provision their IT infrastructure, offering automation, scalability, and consistency. However, not all IaC implementations are created equal. Let's delve into the Maturity Levels of IaC and how organizations can progress along this journey while incorporating Shift Left Security principles. 🔍 Level 1: Ad Hoc Scripts At this stage, organizations use ad hoc scripts or manual processes for provisioning and managing infrastructure. While these methods may provide initial automation, they lack consistency, scalability, and version control. 🚧 Level 2: Scripted Automation Organizations progress to scripted automation using tools like Bash, PowerShell, or Python scripts. This level offers improved repeatability and reliability but still requires manual intervention and lacks infrastructure as code principles. 🛠️ Level 3: Configuration Management At this stage, organizations adopt configuration management tools like Ansible, Puppet, or Chef. They define infrastructure configurations declaratively, enabling consistent provisioning and enforcement of desired state. However, this approach may still require manual intervention for certain tasks. 🌐 Level 4: Orchestration Organizations advance to orchestration tools such as Terraform or AWS CloudFormation. They define infrastructure as code templates, enabling automated provisioning and management of resources across multiple cloud environments. Orchestration tools offer scalability, resilience, and version-controlled infrastructure. 🔒 Level 5: Full Automation, Self-Healing, & Shift Left Security At the highest level of maturity, organizations achieve full automation and self-healing capabilities while incorporating Shift Left Security principles. They implement Infrastructure as Code practices combined with Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines, automated testing, monitoring, and security checks. Shift Left Security ensures that security assessments and controls are integrated into the development process from the outset, identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities early in the lifecycle. 🚀 Key Takeaways: Evaluate your organization's current IaC maturity level. Integrate Shift Left Security checks into your CI/CD pipelines to identify and mitigate vulnerabilities early in the development lifecycle. Invest in training, tools, and processes to advance along the maturity curve while ensuring security is prioritized. Embrace DevOps practices, collaboration, and automation for optimal results. 💡 Ready to level up your Infrastructure as Code game with Shift Left Security? Let's embrace automation, scalability, resilience, and security for a brighter, more secure future! #IaC #DevOps #Automation #Security #ShiftLeft

🚀 Excited to share insights from Day 63 of our #90DaysofDevOps journey! Today, we explored the power of Terraform variables in infrastructure provisioning. 💡 Terraform variables serve as dynamic placeholders, enabling us to parameterize our infrastructure code effectively. In Task-01, we created a local file using Terraform, showcasing how variables like `filename` and `content` can be utilized to customize resource configurations seamlessly. In Task-02, we delved into the usage of different data types - List, Set, and Object - within Terraform. This provides flexibility in modeling infrastructure components, enhancing maintainability and scalability. Additionally, we refreshed our Terraform state using `terraform refresh`, ensuring synchronization between our configuration and real-world infrastructure. Empowered with Terraform variables, we're equipped to build resilient, adaptable infrastructure solutions. Let's continue this DevOps journey together! 🛠️ #DevOps #Terraform #InfrastructureAsCode #Automation #LinkedinLearning #shubhamlondhe #trainwithshubham

𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐬 𝐂𝐨𝐝𝐞 (𝐈𝐚𝐂) Gone are the days of manual server setups and configuration nightmares. Enter 𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐬 𝐂𝐨𝐝𝐞 (𝐈𝐚𝐂) – the DevOps practice that's revolutionizing how we manage and provision computing resources. IaC treats your infrastructure setup like software development. You write code to define, deploy, and update your infrastructure. This means: • Consistency across environments • Version control for your infrastructure • Rapid, repeatable deployments • Easier scaling and management With IaC, your infrastructure becomes as flexible and manageable as your application code. #DevOps #InfrastructureAsCode #CloudComputing #Terraform

Check out the latest update from Medium.com ! GitOps: Revolutionizing Infrastructure Management with Git as the Source of Truth Read more: https://lnkd.in/eDYA8HsM #News #Medium #DevOps

Docker vs. VMs: Which Should Power Your Next Project? 🏃♂️💻 Caught in the Docker vs. VMs debate? Let’s break it down so you can choose the right fit for your project. Docker Containers:   Think of Docker as the lightning-fast sprinter in the IT race. Containers start up in seconds, use minimal resources, and excel at running multiple applications on a single server. Their lightweight nature and speed make them perfect for microservices architectures, CI/CD pipelines, and environments where agility is key. Plus, Docker's portability means you can run the same containerized application across different environments without a hitch. Virtual Machines (VMs):   On the other hand, VMs are like marathon runners—steady, robust, and capable of running the distance. VMs offer full isolation, with each VM running its own operating system. This makes them ideal for scenarios where you need to run multiple different OSs on a single server or support legacy applications. However, this comes at the cost of being more resource-intensive and slower to start. So, which is right for you?   - Choose Docker if you need speed, efficiency, and the ability to scale applications quickly across different environments. - Choose VMs if your priority is complete isolation, running multiple operating systems, or supporting legacy applications that require specific environments. Pro Tip: For many modern DevOps workflows, Docker is often the go-to choice due to its efficiency in microservices and cloud-native applications. However, a hybrid approach combining both Docker and VMs can offer the best of both worlds, especially in complex, multi-environment setups. #DevOps #Docker #VirtualMachines #Containerization #Microservices #CloudNative #TechStack #ITStrategy #CloudComputing #Agile #LegacySystems #Automation #ServerManagement #Scalability

❗ Most Common Kubernetes Configuration Mistakes 2024 70% of IT leaders have adopted Kubernetes. It's essential for scaling and managing applications. However, common configuration errors can be costly. Mistakes in Kubernetes setups can lead to security issues, wasted resources, and downtime. Knowing what to avoid makes your systems secure and efficient. I updated the common Kubernetes mistakes for 2024, reflecting new challenges as the technology evolves. Here's a breakdown of what you need to keep an eye on: ❌ 𝗨𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗱𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗲𝗿 𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 "𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀𝘁" 𝘁𝗮𝗴𝘀 is still a risky move due to unpredictability in production. ❌ 𝗗𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘆𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗖𝗣𝗨𝘀 can lead to poor performance under load. ❌ 𝗙𝗮𝗶𝗹𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘂𝘀𝗲 𝗞𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗿𝗲𝘁𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲 𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗱𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗹𝘀 exposes sensitive data to risks. ❌ 𝗨𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮 𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲 𝗱𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘆𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗿𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮 puts high availability at risk. ❌ 𝗠𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘄𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝗮 𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗲 causes connectivity issues. ❌ 𝗖𝗿𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗟𝗼𝗼𝗽𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗢𝗳𝗳 𝗲𝗿𝗿𝗼𝗿𝘀 often results from configuration errors and requires robust troubleshooting practices. ❌ 𝗜𝗴𝗻𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗾𝘂𝗲𝘀𝘁𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗟𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁𝘀 can lead to resource shortages or wastage. ❌ 𝗡𝗲𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿 𝗛𝗲𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗵 𝗖𝗵𝗲𝗰𝗸 𝗠𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗺𝘀 that are essential for maintaining service reliability and availability. ❌ 𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗼𝗼𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗼𝗴𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 needed for identifying and resolving issues promptly. ❌ 𝗜𝗻𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗾𝘂𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗧𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗞𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗶𝗴𝘂𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 can lead to surprises in production environments. ❌ 𝗜𝗺𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿 𝗟𝗼𝗮𝗱 𝗕𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 affects application scalability and performance. ❌ 𝗠𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗶𝗴𝘂𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗡𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸 𝗣𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗲𝘀 can lead to breaches or unintentional access. Focus on avoiding new and old mistakes. Enhance your Kubernetes setup for better stability, performance, and security. I compiled them in the attached image. 👇 Was it helpful? Reshare to keep your network informed. Drive ROI on tech projects with Kubernetes. Follow to learn more. #Kubernetes #DevOps #CloudComputing

❗ Most Common Kubernetes Configuration Mistakes 2024 70% of IT leaders have adopted Kubernetes. It's essential for scaling and managing applications. However, common configuration errors can be costly. Mistakes in Kubernetes setups can lead to security issues, wasted resources, and downtime. Knowing what to avoid makes your systems secure and efficient. I updated the common Kubernetes mistakes for 2024, reflecting new challenges as the technology evolves. Here's a breakdown of what you need to keep an eye on: ❌ 𝗨𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗱𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗲𝗿 𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 "𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀𝘁" 𝘁𝗮𝗴𝘀 is still a risky move due to unpredictability in production. ❌ 𝗗𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘆𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗖𝗣𝗨𝘀 can lead to poor performance under load. ❌ 𝗙𝗮𝗶𝗹𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘂𝘀𝗲 𝗞𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗿𝗲𝘁𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗼𝗱𝗲 𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗱𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗹𝘀 exposes sensitive data to risks. ❌ 𝗨𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮 𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲 𝗱𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘆𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗿𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮 puts high availability at risk. ❌ 𝗠𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘄𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝗮 𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗰𝗲 causes connectivity issues. ❌ 𝗖𝗿𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗟𝗼𝗼𝗽𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗢𝗳𝗳 𝗲𝗿𝗿𝗼𝗿𝘀 often results from configuration errors and requires robust troubleshooting practices. ❌ 𝗜𝗴𝗻𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗾𝘂𝗲𝘀𝘁𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗟𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁𝘀 can lead to resource shortages or wastage. ❌ 𝗡𝗲𝗴𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿 𝗛𝗲𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗵 𝗖𝗵𝗲𝗰𝗸 𝗠𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗺𝘀 that are essential for maintaining service reliability and availability. ❌ 𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗼𝗼𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗼𝗴𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 needed for identifying and resolving issues promptly. ❌ 𝗜𝗻𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗾𝘂𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗧𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗞𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗶𝗴𝘂𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 can lead to surprises in production environments. ❌ 𝗜𝗺𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿 𝗟𝗼𝗮𝗱 𝗕𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 affects application scalability and performance. ❌ 𝗠𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗶𝗴𝘂𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗡𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸 𝗣𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗲𝘀 can lead to breaches or unintentional access. Focus on avoiding new and old mistakes. Enhance your Kubernetes setup for better stability, performance, and security. I compiled them in the attached image. 👇 Was it helpful? Reshare to keep your network informed. Drive ROI on tech projects with Kubernetes. Follow to learn more. #Kubernetes #DevOps #CloudComputing

𝐓𝐨𝐩 8 𝐊𝐮𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐬 𝐁𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐏𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐘𝐨𝐮 𝐂𝐚𝐧’𝐭 𝐀𝐟𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐬! 🚀 Kubernetes is a popular choice for container orchestration, enhancing efficiency, minimizing downtime, and simplifying application management, but maximizing its capabilities requires following recommended procedures. 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐭𝐨𝐩 8 𝐊𝐮𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐩𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐝𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧-𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐫 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐞𝐚𝐦 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰: 📌𝐄𝐦𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐬 𝐂𝐨𝐝𝐞 (𝐈𝐚𝐂) Using declarative code like YAML files in Kubernetes resources allows for version control and consistent deployments across different environments, making tools like Helm and Terraform ideal for this task. 📌 𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐀𝐮𝐭𝐨-𝐒𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 Kubernetes offers horizontal pod auto-scaling, adjusting active pods based on CPU, memory usage, or custom metrics, ensuring demand is met without over-provisioning, resulting in cost and resource savings. 📌𝐔𝐬𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐬𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞 𝐈𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 Namespaces are essential for efficient resource organization, security, and management across multiple environments, dividing tasks like development, testing, and production to prevent clashes among teams. 📌𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐳𝐞 𝐒𝐞𝐜𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐑𝐨𝐥𝐞-𝐁𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐀𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 (𝐑𝐁𝐀𝐂) Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) enhances security by limiting access based on team roles, ensuring only essential permissions are granted to individuals and systems. 📌𝐌𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐨𝐫 & 𝐋𝐨𝐠 𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠 Prometheus, Grafana, and Fluentd are crucial tools for real-time monitoring of cluster health, enabling early detection and resolution of issues before they escalate. 📌𝐋𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐋𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐑𝐞𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐛𝐞𝐬 Liveness and readiness probes in Kubernetes ensure application health and availability, enabling restarting of pods in poor health and directing traffic to fully prepared pods for handling requests. 📌𝐎𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐳𝐞 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞 𝐑𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐋𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐭𝐬 Ensure optimal CPU and memory allocations for each pod by defining requests and limits to prevent over- or under-provisioning, thereby preventing wastage or performance issues. 📌𝐑𝐞𝐠𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐲 𝐔𝐩𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐜𝐡 Kubernetes continuously evolves, enhancing performance, security, and stability. Regularly update your clusters and install security patches for optimal functionality. Ready to optimize your Kubernetes setup?🌐 #Kubernetes #CloudComputing #DevOps #ContainerOrchestration

🚀 Unlocking the Power of Virtualization in DevOps - Part 2 🚀 What is Containerization? Definition: Containerization is a lightweight form of virtualization that involves encapsulating an application and its dependencies into a container that can run consistently across various computing environments. Historical Context: Evolved from virtualization to address the need for more lightweight and portable solutions. Key Concepts: Containers: Lightweight, portable units that package an application and its dependencies, running as isolated processes on the host operating system. Container Runtime: Software that runs and manages containers, such as Docker and containerd. Images: Read-only templates used to create containers. Images include the application and its dependencies. Benefits of Containerization: Portability: Containers can run consistently across different environments, ensuring that applications work regardless of where they are deployed. Efficiency: Containers share the host OS kernel, reducing overhead and improving resource utilization. Isolation: Applications run in isolated environments, improving security and reducing conflicts between applications. #docker #devops #virtualization