Turtles Bring Life to Cape Verde’s Only Uninhabited Island
Biosfera, a Cape Verdean environmental association, estimates that 1,090 turtles have laid their eggs this year on the archipelago's only uninhabited island, slightly more than in 2023, despite the fact that they face increasing risks to reach the islands.
"Turtles continue to suffer at sea, because ghost fishing and 'by-catch' are on the rise," biologist Zuleica Duarte, a member of Biosfera, explained to Lusa.
Ghost fishing occurs when turtles get caught in discarded nets at sea or in other types of drifting debris, while the English term 'by-catch' is used when they are inadvertently caught with other fish.
"Turtles continue to be affected" but, even so, the estimate of those visiting the island of Santa Luzia registered a slight increase, according to data released by Biosfera, in relation to this year's season, between May and September.
"In recent years, we have seen an increase in the number of turtles laying eggs", but far from the "boom" of 2021, explained Zuleica Duarte, clarifying that sea turtles "do not visit the beaches every year: they have to rest, because it is quite tiring" to walk along the sands two to seven times per season.
Several islands in Cape Verde receive sea turtles.
The Biosphere takes care of those that pass through Santa Luzia, which has the particularity of being the only uninhabited island in the archipelago, and São Vicente, eight kilometres to the west, the second most populated island in Cape Verde, with 76,000 inhabitants.
"This year, we estimate that around 1,090 adult turtles went to the beaches of Santa Luzia Island to lay their eggs" and that São Vicente was chosen by 222.
Estimates for 2023 indicate that there were 1,086 turtles in Santa Luzia and 175 in São Vicente.
The visits of these turtles led to the identification of around 5,500 nests in Santa Luzia and 1,100 in São Vicente.
While, on the one hand, the number of turtle nests and tracks increased, despite the obstacles detected at sea, the total number of volunteers on land has decreased.
In the case of activities in Santa Luzia, one of the reasons for the slowdown in participation "may be the minimum stay on the island, two weeks".
"We continue to appeal for help. We cannot do this work without the help of volunteers and monitors", said Zuleica Duarte.
On land, on the island of São Vicente, there are other threats lurking: "the biggest challenge was the dogs", which attacked nine turtles.
It was necessary to put 14 people on watch on the beaches, because there were dog attacks "almost every day".
Another threat is hunting, which is illegal, with three captures recorded, but it is suspected that other cases go unnoticed.
Cape Verde introduced legislation to protect sea turtles in 1987, prohibiting capture during the nesting season.
The law provides for other types of crime since 2018, namely intentional killing, as well as commercialization, transportation and...