Greek Reporter’s Post

So, we close the last week's poll today!!!! 🌟 Based on the results of our poll, it appears that everyone is a bit confused about the last letter to be added to the list. It's fascinating to remember that the alphabet, as we know it, has undergone countless changes. Many early writing systems didn't have the same set of letters or even the same structure. The familiar 26-letter alphabet we use today is the result of centuries of evolution, influenced by ancient civilizations like the Phoenicians, Greeks, and Romans. The last letter to join the modern English alphabet was the letter "J". It evolved relatively late compared to the other letters. Originally, "I" and "J" were considered the same letter, with "J" being a variant form used at the beginning of words, particularly in Latin. It wasn't until the 16th century that "J" became recognized as a distinct letter with its own unique sound. So, "J" holds the unique status of being the final addition to the alphabet as we know it today. #decodethedilemma #poll #knowledge #learning

THE ANCIENT GREEK 4 WAYS TO DEFINE THE TIME Anyone who wants to undertake the difficult but satisfying task of translating from ancient Greek, will notice that the Greeks had 4 words to designate time, with a lexical refinement that tells us of an advanced civilization (the sophistication of the «logos» is a measure of civilization indeed). So let's see together: καιρός (kairòs): time, understood as an opportune moment, a crucial moment; for example Thucydides in his Peloponnesian War writes about the «kairoi» as crucial moments, times in which decisive events occurred for the fate of the «poleis» and their population. χρόνος (chrònos): time, understood as a chronological indexing of events, therefore in this lemma the quantitative nature prevails rather than the qualitative one that distinguishes the kairòs. αἰών (aion): time, understood however as an eternity that transcends human life, therefore a perennial entity that transcends into the divine in fieri. ἐνιαυτός (eniautos): time, but unlike aion, a period definable as closed in the human context, in fact at the beginning it was equivalent to a year, to then evolve into a quantifiable closed period. Similarly, when translating a Greek version into Italian or other language, care must also be taken in the temporal translation of verbs; for example, aorist verbs tell us about actions that began and ended in an indefinite past close to us, which then, depending on the writer's point of view, can have an initial punctual value (aorist ingressive) or a final value (aorist egressive). Mastering properly the time is a key requisite in any managerial role, but specially in personal life, and I hope you've found inspirational they way the old Greek civilization was looking at it. Mastering the language and the ability of communicating your goals, your strategies, etc. is FUNDAMENTAL not only to be understood, but also to understand the environment you're living in, or where your beloved writer was living in, or your far customer is living in, and take consequently the best decisions. Now that you've got the tip, what are you doing still here? Tempus fugit! 😉

This image is a comparative chart that shows the evolution of the modern alphabet over a span of 7,000+ years across different cultures and writing systems worldwide. It traces the development of individual letters from ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs and Semitic scripts through Phoenician, Greek, and other intermediate writing systems, culminating in the modern Latin alphabet. Each column represents a stage in the evolution of writing, showcasing how each letter has transformed over millennia in different scripts, such as Hieroglyphics, Proto-Sinaitic, Phoenician, Greek, and Arabic, among others. The chart is a visual representation of the continuity and adaptation of characters as they transitioned from one culture to another, demonstrating the shared heritage and interconnectedness of written communication across civilizations. The creator of this chart is Rich Ameninhat, as credited at the bottom of the image.

This image is a comparative chart that shows the evolution of the modern alphabet over a span of 7,000+ years across different cultures and writing systems worldwide. It traces the development of individual letters from ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs and Semitic scripts through Phoenician, Greek, and other intermediate writing systems, culminating in the modern Latin alphabet. Each column represents a stage in the evolution of writing, showcasing how each letter has transformed over millennia in different scripts, such as Hieroglyphics, Proto-Sinaitic, Phoenician, Greek, and Arabic, among others. The chart is a visual representation of the continuity and adaptation of characters as they transitioned from one culture to another, demonstrating the shared heritage and interconnectedness of written communication across civilizations. The creator of this chart is Rich Ameninhat, as credited at the bottom of the image.

DID YOU KNOW THAT, The modern English alphabet has undergone many changes throughout history?? In ancient times, the alphabet was not always in the order we know today. For example, the ancient Phoenicians, who are credited with creating the first alphabet, had an alphabet that was arranged in a different order. ★ Ancient Phoenician Alphabet (1500 BCE): The Phoenicians are credited with creating the first alphabet. Their alphabet consisted of 22 letters, all of which were consonants. The order of the Phoenician alphabet was: 1. Aleph (ox head) 2. Beth (house) 3. Gimel (camel) 4. Daleth (door) 5. He (window) 6. Waw (hook) 7. Zayin (sword) 8. Heth (fence) 9. Teth (basket) 10. Yodh (hand) 11. Kaph (palm) 12. Lamedh (ox goad) 13. Mem (water) 14. Nun (fish) 15. Samekh (prop) 16. Ayin (eye) 17. Pe (mouth) 18. Tsade (fishhook) 19. Qoph (monkey) 20. Resh (head) 21. Shin (tooth) 22. Taw (mark) The ancient Phoenician alphabet is one of the most significant and influential writing systems in human history. It was created by the Phoenicians, a civilization that flourished in the eastern Mediterranean from 1500 to 300 BCE. The Phoenician alphabet was the first alphabet to use distinct symbols for distinct sounds, making it a groundbreaking innovation in writing. #ENGLISHHISTORY #THEFIRSTALPHABET #IMPORTANTINFORMATION #TEACHERSFOLLOWTEACHERS #TEACHERSFOLLOWINGTEACHERS

Four thousand years old, Mesopotamian poem Adapa's Ascent is an epic work of narrative, religious and cultural value - being one of the very first stories ever written, certainly one of the earliest ever told. It is the tale of the ‘First Man’, Adapa, who is a survivor of the Great Flood and succeeds in setting up human civilization. However, all does not go well after Adapa is near-drowned by one of the Gods then strikes them down with a powerful curse. His presence is demanded before Anu - the God of all Gods - who shall offer him a choice that is capable of changing his life forever. Faced with his ultimate destiny, Adapa must decide whether or not to follow the stern advice of his father Enki, God of the Waters. — Appearing for the first time as a complete poetic work in English, this translation from Akkadian and Sumerian cuneiform tablets by contemporary poet Edouard d'Araille, brings the powerful myth of Adapa to life in new and unique ways. Written in modern English, the translator uses innovative verse-forms to achieve a literary reconstruction that presents the most complete version of this story. This new translation of Adapa's Ascent allows readers to enjoy a vital work in World Literature and this volume includes a wide range of extra materials, including: bibliography, images of the cuneiform tablets, a translation of the earliest Sumerian version of the myth, character glossaries - plus the essays Recreating an Ancient Classic and The Birth of Fiction by Edouard d’Araille. Adapa's Ascent, from the same era as Gilgamesh, tells a timeless myth of man and Immortality - one that was buried for 2500 years. Discover this ancient tale today and learn more about its narrative, its meaning and its origins. ADAPA'S ASCENT: A Myth of Man and Immortality (GREAT WORLD BOOKS™) https://a.co/d/bJrhLM6

The Evolution of the Alphabet This image below is a comparative chart that shows the evolution of the modern alphabet over a span of 7,000+ years across different cultures and writing systems worldwide. It traces the development of individual letters from ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs and Semitic scripts through Phoenician, Greek, and other intermediate writing systems, culminating in the modern Latin alphabet. Each column represents a stage in the evolution of writing, showcasing how each letter has transformed over millennia in different scripts, such as Hieroglyphics, Proto-Sinaitic, Phoenician, Greek, and Arabic, among others. The chart is a visual representation of the continuity and adaptation of characters as they transitioned from one culture to another, demonstrating the shared heritage and interconnectedness of written communication across civilizations. The creator of this chart is Rich Ameninhat, as credited at the bottom of the image.

WRITING/EDITING: A number of book projects continue: 1) Recently, my coedited book *Christianity Contested: Replies to Critics' Toughest Objections* was Number 1 under the "Atheism" category at Amazon.com . Philosopher Travis Dickinson says that this book is the best of its kind. Please check out this important resource with contributions from scholars who have made their scholarship available to serious-minded readers on leading questions: https://lnkd.in/eQaWmcyi) 2) I contributed an 11,000-word response to questions about God's existence in a book edited by a Russian philosopher and in the Russian language (available for pre-order): *The Existence of God? Contemporary Positions and Approaches [Существование Бога? Современные позиции и подходы], ed. Evgeniy Loginov (St. Petersburg: Umozrenie, 2025) (https://lnkd.in/eKNCFKS9) . 3) My talk on slavery at Defend 2025 will, along with other talks, be turned into a book chapter in a book entitled *Truth* (edited by Tawa Anderson). My chapter summarizes material from my lengthy chapter in *Christianity Contested* including mention of how tattoos (an ancient Near Eastern mark of belonging to another person--the essence of slavery) is prohibited in Leviticus 19:28. Tedious work and limited personal options do not constitute "slavery," and the "slavery" is an unfortunate modern rendering in many of our Bibles. 4) Other projects include (a) my book on the current war in Ukraine--although essentially a biblical assessment of just war and pacifism (in Ukrainian), which should be out next month (b) I am contributing a 9000-word entry to a Wiley-Blackwell reference book on Christian apologetics on warfare in the Old Testament, which is due at the end of March. The book is coedited by Tim McGrew and Robert Stewart. (c) I am coediting with Chris Date a unique, multi-disciplinary two-views book on hell (IVP Academic), which we hope to wrap up in the next month or two. It's been a busy time of writing and editing, but, in addition to my wonderful wife, I'm grateful to Palm Beach Atlantic University for allowing me to make room in my schedule for these projects--not to mention the hospitality of the Lanier Theological Library and Learning Centre in Yarnton, Oxfordshire, England, where I've been able to work on such projects since 2022, including our 2024 sabbatical in Oxford. We hope to be back there in the summer of 2025 as well. There is the fairly full update for you--a lot to catch up on! (If interested you can see recent photos today's update at my personal Facebook page: https://lnkd.in/evXxwuRf Thanks for keeping in touch! Blessings from us both!

AstulJurondo Alphabets is a writing system based on topology and applied by constructed language “Froda”, which means “to express everything”. Each letter in AstulJurondo Alphabet system has a totem symbol representing its philosophical meaning.

Why you should take this course: Master Classical Greek expressions --- Free for a limited time! Unlock the secrets of Classical Greek Verbal Multi-Word Expressions with the PARSEME 1.3 annotation effort. Dive deep into classical literary Attic, exploring historiography, oratory, and prose. - Understand intricacies of verbal expressions - Enhance your appreciation for ancient texts - Become adept with advanced linguistic annotations React and Comment 'Coupon' to get 100% discount link. Share with friends in need, comment your thoughts, and repost to spread the word! #freecourse #udeycourse #ClassicalGreek #Linguistics #LearningGreeks