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Cryptography Cryptography plays a crucial role in securing information. Important types include: 1. Symmetric Encryption: Uses a single key for both encryption and decryption. 2. Asymmetric Encryption (Public-Key Cryptography): Involves a pair of public and private keys for secure communication. 3. Hash Functions: Converts data into a fixed-size string of characters, ensuring data integrity. 4. Digital Signatures: Verifies the origin and integrity of a message using asymmetric encryption. 5. SSL/TLS Protocols: Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security ensure secure communication over the internet. 6. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard): Widely used symmetric encryption algorithm for data protection. 7. RSA Algorithm: Common asymmetric encryption algorithm for securing communications. 8. Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange: Facilitates secure key exchange over an untrusted network. Understanding and appropriately applying these cryptographic techniques are essential for robust information security.

  Key differences between asymmetric and symmetric encryption! Symmetric Encryption: In this digital dance, Symmetric Cryptography waltzes with a single, shared secret key. Think of it like a secret handshake between two parties - the same key is used for both encryption and decryption. While efficient, it poses a challenge when securely exchanging the secret key in the first place. Asymmetric Encryption: Enter Asymmetric Cryptography, a dynamic duo of public and private keys. Imagine having a lock with two keys - one to lock (public key) and another to unlock (private key). Messages encrypted with the public key can only be decrypted with the corresponding private key, ensuring a secure exchange without the need for a shared secret. Use Cases: Symmetric encryption shines in speed and efficiency, making it ideal for bulk data. Asymmetric encryption, on the other hand, excels in secure key exchange and digital signatures. Often, a hybrid approach combines the strengths of both for a robust cryptographic symphony. The Takeaway: Understanding the nuances of symmetric and asymmetric cryptography is crucial in crafting resilient security protocols. Whether you're safeguarding sensitive communications or securing transactions, knowing when to waltz symmetrically or cha-cha asymmetrically ensures your data remains a well-guarded secret. 

🔒 Dive into the basics of cryptography: symmetric vs. asymmetric encryption, popular algorithms, and real-world applications. 💡 Explore how hybrid encryption blends efficiency and robust security. Read now: https://lnkd.in/dU23RVCi #Cryptography #DataProtection #Encryption

Commutative Encryption with SHAKE-128/SHAKE-256 NIST chose Keccak as the standard for SHA-3. But, it’s all a bit confusing, as there are two main versions of this: Keccak and SHA-3. Many systems, such as Ethereum have adopted Keccak, while others go for SHA-3. The only real difference between them is a difference in the padding of data. An eXtendable-Output Function (XOF) produces a bit string that can be of any length. In fact, we can create an infinitely long bit string, if required. The main methods are SHAKE128, SHAKE256, BLAKE2XB and BLAKE2XS. With the SHA-3 hashing method, we have four different cryptographic hashing methods (SHA3-224, SHA3-256, SHA3-384, and SHA3-512) and two XOF functions (SHAKE128 and SHAKE256). With commutative encryption, we can decrypt with the keys in any order. Normally we would encrypt with Bob's key and then encrypt with Alice's key, and then we must decrypt with Alice's key and then Bob's. In commutative encryption, we can decrypt in any order. While our symmetric key block ciphers cannot be made commutative, we can use stream ciphers, as they perform an EX-OR function. In this example, we will use the SHAKE128 or SHAKE256, and generate Bob and Alice's key: https://lnkd.in/d5gCFBWv

Commutative Encryption with SHAKE-128/SHAKE-256 NIST chose Keccak as the standard for SHA-3. But, it’s all a bit confusing, as there are two main versions of this: Keccak and SHA-3. Many systems, such as Ethereum have adopted Keccak, while others go for SHA-3. The only real difference between them is a difference in the padding of data. An eXtendable-Output Function (XOF) produces a bit string that can be of any length. In fact, we can create an infinitely long bit string, if required. The main methods are SHAKE128, SHAKE256, BLAKE2XB and BLAKE2XS. With the SHA-3 hashing method, we have four different cryptographic hashing methods (SHA3-224, SHA3-256, SHA3-384, and SHA3-512) and two XOF functions (SHAKE128 and SHAKE256). With commutative encryption, we can decrypt with the keys in any order. Normally we would encrypt with Bob's key and then encrypt with Alice's key, and then we must decrypt with Alice's key and then Bob's. In commutative encryption, we can decrypt in any order. While our symmetric key block ciphers cannot be made commutative, we can use stream ciphers, as they perform an EX-OR function. In this example we will use the SHAKE128 or SHAKE256, and generate Bob and Alice's key. https://lnkd.in/d5gCFBWv

Unlocking Cryptography: Understanding Symmetric, Asymmetric, and Digital Signatures Cryptographic approaches are essential techniques used to protect data, ensure privacy, and establish secure communication in digital systems. These techniques can be broadly categorized into symmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption, hybrid methods combining both, and enhanced methods with digital signatures and hashing algorithms for added security and authentication to achieve confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation in data transmission. https://lnkd.in/eaPcdtZA

Day 7 of #30daysoflearningwithodinaka.   Cryptography Cryptography is used to keep messages and data secure from being accessible to anyone other than the sender and the intended recipient. It is the a form of security for messaging. Ultimately, cryptography can keep data from being altered or stolen. It can also be used to authenticate users. Cryptography often uses encryption and an algorithm to keep electronic data and messages secure and only readable by the intended parties Types Of Cryptography 1.     Symmetric-Key Cryptography Symmetric key cryptography is an encryption technique in a single key that has the dual use of data encryption and decryption. This cryptography key can be easily exchanged between the sender and the receiver. The most popular this type of cryptography is Data Encryption System (DES). 2.     Asymmetric-Key Cryptography In asymmetric key cryptography, the encryption technique is operated upon by two different keys that are used to encrypt and decrypt data. The exchange of these keys can pose some difficulties as the data can be accessed with two different keys. 3.     Hash Function Hash function cryptography uses random input values and gives a fixed output value that would be used to verify the identity of the user in restoring private data. This is considered the most secure cryptography to use because of its hash algorithms and complex mechanism.

#snsinstitutions #snsdesignthinkers #designthinking Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for securing communication and data through the use of codes, so that only intended parties can understand the information. It plays a critical role in modern security systems, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of data in various applications, including online banking, secure messaging, and military communications.There are two main types of cryptography Symmetric-key cryptography: Both the sender and receiver share a single key used for both encryption and decryption. Examples include AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and DES (Data Encryption Standard).Asymmetric-key cryptography: It uses a pair of keys – a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption. This is widely used in systems like RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) and ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography). Asymmetric cryptography underpins secure communication protocols like HTTPS. Some key concepts in cryptography include: Encryption: The process of converting plaintext into ciphertext to protect information. Decryption: The reverse process of converting ciphertext back into readable plaintext. Hashing: Creating a fixed-size output from data (often used for integrity verification) without the possibility of reversing it to the original input. Digital Signatures: A cryptographic technique used to validate the authenticity and integrity of a message, software, or document. Cryptography is crucial in protecting sensitive information, preventing unauthorized access, and ensuring data authenticity in our digital world.

n cryptography, symmetric and asymmetric keys are two fundamental types of keys used for encryption and decryption. Here's a brief overview of each: -Symmetric Keys Definition: Symmetric key cryptography uses the same key for both encryption and decryption. Characteristics: Speed: Generally faster and less computationally intensive than asymmetric key algorithms. Key Distribution: The main challenge is securely distributing the key to both parties, as anyone with the key can decrypt the data. Examples: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), DES (Data Encryption Standard). -Asymmetric Keys Definition: Asymmetric key cryptography uses a pair of keys: a public key and a private key. The public key encrypts data, while the private key decrypts it. Characteristics: Security: Solves the key distribution problem inherent in symmetric cryptography. The public key can be shared openly, while the private key is kept secret. Speed: Typically slower and more computationally intensive than symmetric encryption. Examples: RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman), ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography). In practice, symmetric and asymmetric encryption often work together. For example, asymmetric encryption might be used to securely exchange a symmetric key, which then encrypts the bulk of the data.

PCI DSS 4.0 Requirement 4: Protect Cardholder Data with Strong Cryptography During Transmission Over Open, Public Networks, 4.2.1-Strong Cryptography and security protocols are implemented as follows to safeguard PAN during transmission over open, public networks: *Only trusted keys and certificates are accepted. *The protocol in use supports only secure versions or configurations and does not support fallback to, or use of insecure versions, algorithms, key sizes, or implementations. *The encryption strength is appropriate for the encryption methodology in use. WHAT IS STRONG CRYPTOGRAPHY? Cryptography is a method to protect data through a reversible encryption process, and is a foundation primitive used in many security protocols and services. Strong cryptography is based on industry-tested and accepted algorithms along with key lengths that provide a minimum of 112-bits of effective key strength and proper key-management practices. Effective key strength can be shorter than the actual "bit" length of the key, which can lead to algorithms with larger keys providing lesser protection than algorithms with smaller actual, but larger effective, key sizes. It is recommended that all new implementations use a minimum of 128-bits of effective key strength.