Institute of Experimental Medicine - Czech Academy of Sciences’ Post

We (CRC EmpkinS and Ethics Bonn) are very excited to announce two new talks in our "Ethics, AI & Health" lunch series: Kathryn MacKay and Glenn Cohen will be our guests! Dates- 15 May, 12.30-1.30 pm hybrid - "Public Health, Pluralism, and the Telos of Political Virtue In the ethics of public health, questions of virtue, that is, questions of what it means for public health to act excellently, have received little attention. One reason this omission needs remedy is that delivering public health outcomes can be in tension with goals like respect for the self-determination or non-oppression of different groups or respecting liberty. A virtue-ethics approach is flexible and well-suited for the kind of deliberation required to resolve or mitigate such tension. Public health requires practically wise and careful thinking, which virtue ethics brings with it. Furthermore, too tight a focus on delivering outcomes in determining how public health should act has, in some cases, actually undermined its ability to achieve those consequences. However, the main concern about incorporating virtue into public health in a pluralistic society is likely to be that virtue is generally teleological, and we would surely need some widely agreed upon idea of something like flourishing or the common for this to work. In this paper, I propose that for public health to express virtue in its work, it must express a commitment to justice as it goes about its business promoting and protecting the health and wellbeing of society. Justice is both a contributor toward better health for groups in society and a worthwhile goal in its own right. I will sketch an argument that justice as non-oppression – not merely health equity – is the right telos toward which public health should aim in a pluralist society. 27 June 3-4 pm (online)- “AI in Medicine: Legal and Ethical Issues” This talk will focus on the use of artificial intelligence (especially machine learning) in health care and the legal and ethical issues it raises. It will cover, amongst other things: liability, informed consent, privacy, data ownership, explainability, and the update problem in regulating AI in medicine. No prior background in AI, medicine, law, or ethics will be assumed. Each term, Ethics Bonn invites international experts from a variety of fields to share their cutting-edge research with us. Enjoy your lunch and a 30-minute presentation, followed by 30 minutes of stimulating discussion and Q&A. To register: https://lnkd.in/dySsNR-3 We look forward to welcoming all interested persons to the next two talks!

What Is Ethics in Health Care? Ethics in health care is what guides the work of professionals in the healthcare industry. These considerations are an essential component of providing health care, as they help ensure practitioners treat their patients with dignity and respect and that the decisions made by healthcare professionals are fair and just. Additionally, ethics helps to promote trust and confidence in the healthcare system, as it ensures that healthcare professionals act in their patient’s best interests. It have held an honored place in health care since a code of ethics was established in ancient Greece, known as the Hippocratic oath, to keep physicians accountable for taking care of their patients and bringing no harm to them.  The concept of a code of ethics that lays out guidelines for physicians’ professional conduct and their ethical obligations has remained relevant in the healthcare field ever since.  Justice Justice is a nuanced principle that means treating all patients fairly. The principle of justice does not necessarily mean equal care but rather equitable care. Healthcare equity means that patients should not be denied care, have restricted access to care, or be provided with lower-quality care based on their economic class, ethnicity, gender identity and expression, or any other characteristic. Healthcare workers must gauge the severity of patients’ conditions to determine the order in which each receives care. Patients should also be treated equally and not shown special treatment based on personal considerations or connections.   In emergency situations where supplies are limited, many healthcare facilities may need to choose which patients receive life-sustaining care. Unexpected events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, often force healthcare workers to make these decisions. Moreover, when patients face severe injury, debate can arise among healthcare providers over how to deliver treatment equitably. Finding solutions to these dilemmas often falls to healthcare administrators, who must keep their decisions consistent with applicable ethics in health care. Benefits for Patients All of the ethical principles benefit patients by guaranteeing respect for their autonomy and equitable treatment, and that they will receive the best care available based on their beliefs and decisions. This has the effect of allowing the patient to trust their healthcare practitioner without reservation. Health care can be invasive, and without the promise of beneficence, many patients will delay seeking medical attention. Benefits for Practitioners The core ethical principles are designed to benefit patients, but that does not mean the guidelines do not benefit healthcare workers as well. Having an ethical framework to follow allows healthcare practitioners to talk candidly with patients and their families about end-of-life care or quickly inform their patients about their emergency care choices.  Supported by: Google ICMR, Ethics guidelines

Opportunity

Just stumbled upon a thought-provoking article on AI ethics and its societal impact. Here are some key takeaways that got me thinking: - AI ethics is not just a tech issue; it's an ethical and societal issue that demands attention from everyone in the tech industry, as well as the humanities and social sciences. - Building technical skills in AI and machine learning can be valuable, even for those not planning to work directly in these fields. - Starting a reading group or creating tech ethics courses can be a proactive way to engage with these important ethical questions. - Following and learning from AI ethics experts like Zeynep Tufekci, Timnit Gebru, and others can provide valuable insights and guidance in this area. - Institutes and fellowships such as Harvard’s Berkman Klein Center, Data & Society, AI Now Institute, and others offer opportunities to engage, learn, and contribute to the conversation around AI ethics. It's clear that the ethical impact of technology is a significant and evolving area, and there's a lot of work to be done to navigate it responsibly. This article is definitely worth a read! https://lnkd.in/gpu3ND2G

Ethics in Artificial Intelligence - A UNESCO Recommendation ISOCARP's 60th World Planning Congress in Siena, Italy next month will host on 11th October a (soon to be announced) first-ever Urban Conversation on Ethical Use of AI in Planning. There are not many publications on the Ethical use of AI in planning yet and not many specialized AI developers focus on Ethical aspects. At the same time, awareness and concerns are growing about AI governance and the Ethics of AI to ensure a responsible use of AI. A first outstanding publication is the attached UNESCO Recommendation published in 2022. This UNESCO publication addresses ethical issues related to Artificial Intelligence to the extent that they are within UNESCO’s mandate. It approaches AI ethics as a systematic normative reflection, based on a holistic, comprehensive, multicultural, and evolving framework of interdependent values, principles, and actions that can guide societies in dealing responsibly with the known and unknown impacts of AI technologies on human beings, societies, and the environment and ecosystems, and offers them a basis to accept or reject AI technologies. It considers ethics as a dynamic basis for the normative evaluation and guidance of AI technologies, referring to human dignity, well-being and the prevention of harm as a compass and as rooted in the ethics of science and technology. The time and location of the Urban conversation will soon be announced on LinkedIn. Please also visit the conference website: https://lnkd.in/dJpTFGDE Dr Sunil Dubey Thomas W. Sanchez, AICP Dr. Sarah Hill Elisabeth Belpaire Eric Huybrechts Tijana Tufek Memišević, PhD More by Ulrich Graute on AI in Planning https://lnkd.in/dVViG-JF

*Upcoming AI in Health events from the Digital Ethics Center (DEC), Yale University* The DEC, in collaboration with (a) the computational physiology lab at MIT; and (b) the Cini Foundation in Venice, are organizing two events on the topic of AI in healthcare that should not be missed. 1. August 28-29th, Yale: Health AI Science Technology and Ethics "HASTE" Policy Camp. Hosted by myself, in collaboration with researchers across Yale and The Computational Physiology Lab at MIT, this 2 day policy camp is for anyone interested in how we can ensure the use of Artificial intelligence in Healthcare is technically feasible, socially acceptable, ethically justifiable & legally compliant. Participants will be invited to hear from a host of expert speakers, and to break into teams to answer specific policy-focused questions, including how to regulate the use of AI in health insurance, and how to evaluate LLMs. The workshop will result in a publishable white paper shared with senior policymakers to influence ongoing legislative processes. Register here: https://lnkd.in/erEu4fUH 2. November 7th-9th, Venice: Global Health in the age of AI "Charting a Course for Ethical Implementation and Societal Benefit" Hosted by the Cini Foundation, and organised by Luciano Floridi, Renée Sirbu, and I, this 3-day symposium will feature 8 amazing keynote talks (see below), 8 accompanying discussions, 2 panels on the implementation and geopolitics of Health AI, and will result in a special collection published in Minds and Machines. Keynotes: - Effy Vayena "The ethics of AI in Healthcare" - Amelia Fiske "AI and global health equity: how can we move from promise to practice" - Angeliki Kerasidou "AI and Public Trust" - Elaine Nsoesie "AI and the Social Determinants of Health" - Hutan Ashrafian "The Challenges of real-world implementation - turbocharging AI in clinical practice" - Charlotte Blease "Open AI meets Open Notes: Generative AI and clinical documentation" - Leo Celi "AI in Low Resource Settings" - Sandeep Reddy "Harmonizing regulation of AI in healthcare globally" There are 8, fully funded fellowships for junior researchers interested in attending the symposium. If you're interested you can apply for a fellowship here: https://lnkd.in/eFD6pKH5

🌟 Food for Thought: Digital Ethics and AI Symposium 🧠 Yesterday, I attended the Newcastle University Business School Digital Ethics Symposium, sponsored by the Confucius Institute. The symposium featured two thought-provoking panels exploring the intersections of AI with values, virtues and agency, and community, relationships and care. Panel 1: Value, Virtue and Agency 🤖 Cristina Neesham talked about value misalignment between humans and AI, emphasising the need for humans to take responsibility for implementing AI decisions. 🤖 Alejo José G. Sison challenged whether AI is too human, discussing a neo-Aristotelian analysis of AI anthropomorphism and the importance of HCAI (Human-Centered AI) . 🤖 Miguel Alzola then discussed the virtues and vices of AI, questioning whether AI can ever truly embody virtues without emotion. 🤖 For the final session of this panel, Angus Robson explored the concept of artificial moral agents and the responsibility gap between humans and AI. Panel 2: Community, Relationships and Care 🤖 Irene Chu PhD introduced Confucian role ethics and left us with the question of, when we discuss AI ethics, whose ethics are we considering? 🤖 Dr Qionglei (Lei) Yu examined the impact of service robots and social media on loneliness - as the quantity of social relationships increases due to social media, does the quality of these relationships decrease? And does this result in more loneliness? 🤖 Finally, Jan Deckers raised concerns about the potential alienation caused by lack of empathy of AI in healthcare, and the importance of transparency in AI systems, especially regarding medical data. The symposium sparked meaningful discussions about the ethical considerations surrounding AI development and implementation. This experience left me with a fresh perspective, particularly regarding the influence of Chinese philosophy on AI ethics and the need for a more globally inclusive approach to AI development. It's crucial that we consider diverse perspectives and cultural values as we navigate the ethical challenges of AI in our increasingly interconnected world. If we are developing AI in Western countries, are we considering the ethics of the Eastern World and the Global South? A huge thank you to all of the speakers for such a though-provoking day 🙌

Artificial Intelligence and Ethics: Impact on Qualitative Research Qualitative research has been a cornerstone in the advancement of knowledge in various disciplines, from the social sciences to the humanities. However, in the current digital era, we face new challenges and opportunities, especially with the incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI). In this new frontier, ethics plays a crucial role, ensuring that our research is not only accurate and efficient, but also responsible and humane. In this article, we will explore how AI is transforming qualitative research and the importance of ethics in this process. Based on my recent Keynote Lecture entitled: "Ethics and Artificial Intelligence in Qualitative Research", we will break down the key concepts and practical applications that are revolutionizing our approach to scientific research today. Read the full article in my Blog, by accessing from the following link: https://lnkd.in/eKgAqRBn Thank you for reading it, watching the video that complements it at the end, liking it, subscribing and sharing. I remain at your service to clarify any doubts. All your comments and suggestions will be welcome. Until the next meeting...I look forward to reading them. #Ethics #ArtificialIntelligence #QualitativeResearch #SentimentAnalysis #TextMining #VirtualInterviews #Bias #Privacy #Consent #Innovation

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN AI The term Ethics brings in view the concept of morality to ensure a certain level of safety . The current world with its persisting rat race is a stage with mankind in their particular emphasis upon transcending time . If time is considered stagnant, mankind aims to surpass it . Starting from the Industrial Revolution to a high-tech world of the 21st century with millions of inventions and creations , AI or Artificial Intelligence stood as an emblem to fulfill the lag . However technicalities doesn't ensure full proof advantage as certain AI based decisions might be susceptible to inaccuracies and even discriminatory outcomes that might lead to a certain level of problem . To ensure safety for a wider range of audience or the corresponding users , Ethical Considerations are given a primary emphasis . It not only provides safety against any mishap or harm and it also promotes a positive impact upon the environment . Here are some thought-provoking points to consider regarding the ethical implications of using artificial intelligence for extraterrestrial communication: Interstellar Tact: The utilization of artificial intelligence in interstellar correspondence raises the chance of laying out strategic relations with extraterrestrial civic establishments. This acquaints novel moral contemplations related with tact, discussion, and the portrayal of humankind for an enormous scope. Cross-Species Correspondence: In the event that extraterrestrial living things are generally unique in relation to people with regards to comprehension, tactile discernment, or correspondence modalities, artificial intelligence might have to in like manner adjust its techniques and methodologies. Moral contemplations emerge in deciding how to extension such correspondence holes while regarding the independence and poise of the two players . Social Trade and Social Government: The demonstration of correspondence with extraterrestrial human advancements might include the trading of social data, values, and convictions. Moral predicaments emerge in adjusting the advancement of human culture and values with the gamble of social colonialism or the burden of ethnocentric viewpoints on different civic establishments. Profound and Magical Viewpoints: A few moral systems might integrate otherworldly or mystical viewpoints on the idea of cognizance, insight, and vast interconnectedness. Investigating these viewpoints can improve conversations on the moral elements of interstellar correspondence and our spot in the universe . Taking everything into account, the moral contemplations encompasses the utilization of man-made reasoning for extraterrestrial correspondence are immense and complex, incorporating issues of portrayal, assent, social awareness, risk appraisal, and existential ramifications and so on .

In the world of AI governance and ethics, if you haven't read or don't know about the IEEE compendium, Ethically Aligned Design, I highly recommend you check it out as a must read. While the most recent version came out in 2019, the over 700 global thought leaders who worked on it are also the people at the EU, NIST, UNESCO and multiple companies and organizations driving AI governance today. The logic of a majority of the document is still evergreen in nature, as prioritizing pragmatic ethics at the outside of design is a key message of the work. It's also one of the only AI Principles documents on the planet that has as it's first three principles: Human Rights, Wellbeing (people and planet) and Data Agency. The logic is these should be addressed first in design and then critical issues of "transparency" etc are worked on AFTER considerations for planetary and human wellbeing, human rights and data agency are secured. Otherwise, "adding ethics as an afterthought" means one assures risks and harms that weren't given the time to address in the first place. Here's the entire doc here: https://lnkd.in/ehZGzxVC I'll be posting links to various chapters that are must-reads for LLM and other AI governance today. Welcome your thoughts. IEEE IEEE Standards Association | IEEE SA @planetpositive2030