Infinite 8 Industries, Inc. ’s Post

⚛️ It's #Physics Time: The Born-Oppenheimer Approximation - The Basis for Quantum Chemistry ⚛️ 🕒 Historical Background When it comes to understanding the quantum world, even the simplest systems present complex challenges. The exact solutions to quantum mechanical problems are only known for very simple cases, like the hydrogen atom or hydrogen-like ions, where we deal with one electron systems. When we step up to more complex structures like molecules or solids, these exact methods fall short due to the sheer increase in complexity and particle interactions. In these cases, we rely heavily on numerical solutions or appropriate approximation methods to make predictions about those quantum systems. 🌀 What Is the Born-Oppenheimer Approximation? Among the many tools at our disposal, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation stands out as the most well-known mathematical approximation in molecular dynamics. It is named after the quantum pioneers Max Born and Robert Oppenheimer who proposed their method in 1927. Imagine a complicated molecule consisting of numerous atomic nuclei and electrons. Given that nuclei are much heavier and move slower than electrons, the electrons can instantly adjust to changes in nuclear positions. This critical insight allows us to separate the dynamics of electrons and nuclei for analytical purposes, greatly simplifying our calculations. I've posted a photo where I derive the Born-Oppenheimer approximation for such a system. Check it out to see this theory in action! 🌌 Scope and Utility The practical utility of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation spans an impressive range, from small molecules to vast solid structures, covering many orders of magnitude. This approximation not only simplifies complex quantum systems but also enables the calculation of important physical properties with less computational demand. This efficiency is vital for advancing our understanding of material science, chemistry, and physics. 🚀 Looking Forward The Born-Oppenheimer approximation is just the beginning. Related topics like non-adiabatic transitions, where electrons cannot adjust instantaneously to nuclear movements, and quantum molecular dynamics provide fertile ground for further research and discovery. These areas are essential for enhancing our understanding of more dynamic and complex systems where the traditional approximations might falter. There is much more to be discovered on this fascinating intersection of physics and chemistry, so let's keep it up and stay curious! #QuantumChemistry #BornOppenheimer #MolecularDynamics #Physics #Chemistry #ScienceCommunication

🌟 Discovering the Power of Superfluid Helium in Science and Technology! 🌟 Helium II, a phase of helium that exhibits superfluidity at extremely low temperatures, is revolutionizing how we approach cooling in high-stakes environments such as particle accelerators and space missions. Its exceptional thermal conductivity and ability to prevent boiling make it an indispensable resource in pushing the boundaries of what's possible in physics and engineering. Dive into how this quantum fluid is enhancing projects like the Large Hadron Collider and the upcoming European Spallation Source. #VVCResources #ScienceInnovation #Helium #ParticlePhysics https://lnkd.in/d_P4Jtsp

Impressive work on RL in Particle Physics.

We have lost an important scientist; we have also lost a wonderful man, writes Lawrence Krauss ✍️ Peter Higgs was a gentle man who wanted a quiet life. However, fate had other plans for him. In 1964, after returning to his home in Edinburgh after a failed weekend camping trip, he hit upon an idea that was to become one of the most important building blocks of the Standard Model of particle physics: the Higgs mechanism. In 2012, the Higgs particle that his theory predicted was finally discovered at the European Laboratory for Nuclear Physics (CERN), thus providing the experimental underpinning of the physical models that describe three of the four fundamental forces of nature. Higgs wrote up his idea in a two-page scientific paper entitled “Broken Symmetries and the Masses of Gauge Bosons.” It was initially rejected by the major European physics journals, as having no obvious relevance to physics. But then he added a paragraph mentioning a possible observable consequence of his idea and submitted his paper to the American physics journal, Physical Review Letters, where it was published on 19 October 1964. Similar ideas were explored by the physicists Robert Brout and François Englert, and independently by Gerald Guralnik, C.R. Hagen, and Tom Kibble, and these two groups also published their work in the same journal. But, perhaps as a result of that extra paragraph that predicted a physical consequence of his theory, it was Higgs’s name that became associated with the hypothesis, which ended up providing the cornerstone of the successful effort to unify two of the four known forces in nature: the weak and electromagnetic interactions.

Researchers at the University of Rochester, working with the CMS Collaboration at CERN, have advanced our understanding of the Standard Model of Particle Physics by precisely measuring the electroweak mixing angle. This helps explain fundamental forces in the universe. Their work at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) replicates conditions similar to those after the Big Bang, providing insights into particle behavior. The Rochester team, has been instrumental in this research, which supports the Standard Model's predictions. The CMS Collaboration unites global particle physicists to study fundamental laws of the universe. This team, including professors and students from Rochester, has previously contributed to the 2012 discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN. The LHC, the world's largest particle accelerator, allows scientists to explore matter's building blocks and governing forces by smashing protons at high energies. This research builds on 19th-century discoveries linking electricity and magnetism and the 1960s revelation that electromagnetism is connected to the weak force. These discoveries led to the electroweak theory, unifying these forces at low energies. By analyzing billions of proton-proton collisions, the CMS Collaboration's precise measurement of the weak mixing angle has resolved debates within the scientific community. The team's new techniques reduced uncertainties in this measurement, enhancing its precision. These findings deepen our understanding of how forces work together at the smallest scales, shedding light on the fundamental nature of matter and energy. #ParticlePhysics #CERN #StandardModel #ElectroweakTheory #LHC #HiggsBoson #ScientificDiscovery

Scientists are designing a supercollider so powerful it could push the boundaries of modern physics

Researchers Validate 50-Year-Old Zel’dovich Theory Using Electromagnetic Waves Researchers at the University of Southampton have confirmed the Zel’dovich effect using electromagnetic waves. The phenomenon where a rotating object amplifies twisted waves was previously only observed with sound waves. The team successfully demonstrated that when a metal cylinder rotates faster than the frequency of the incoming twisted electromagnetic waves these waves are reflected with more energy than they initially had. This validates a theory proposed 50 years ago by Soviet physicist Yakov Zel’dovich. This breakthrough has implications for quantum physics and energy-efficient technologies potentially leading to advancements in induction generators and paving the way for observing this effect on a quantum level. #ZelDovichEffect #ElectromagneticWaves #QuantumPhysics #WaveAmplification #UniversityOfSouthampton #ScientificBreakthrough #EnergyEfficiency #PhysicsResearch #Innovation #TechnologyAdvancement #WissenResearch

Looking for inconsistencies and weak aspects, and digging deeper into suspicious details that may conceal hidden flaws —even crucial functional gaps — is at the heart of Software Quality Assurance and QA testing work. Applying these skills, along with critical thinking and logical intuition, has guided me in examining inconsistencies within mainstream quantum mechanics. This approach led to a reinterpretation of foundational aspects of current models, resulting in an unconventional framework that aims to address unresolved questions. This conceptual approach overcomes the algebraic barrier that often limits non-mathematicians from addressing inconsistencies in established physics models. The attached preprint presents a new model of interacting fields to describe the topology and dynamics of subatomic particles as part of a bilaterally symmetric or antisymmetric knotted structure. Reconceptualizing the neutron as a transitional state in proton-antiproton transformations, it incorporates antimatter within nucleon dynamics. The model provides a mechanical explanation for quark flavor and color, detailing the gluon field's role as an energy and charge mediator in proton-antiproton transformations during beta decay, and proposes an extension of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) to include weak interactions. #Physics #NuclearPhysics #ParticlePhysics #Nucleon #QCD #QuantumMechanics #QuantumInformation #QuantumComputing #QuantumTheory #TheoreticalPhysics #QATesting #SoftwareTesting #InterdisciplinaryResearch

The BES III collaboration may have identified the first-ever glueball, a theoretical particle composed purely of gluons, predicted by quantum chromodynamics. This elusive particle, known as the X(2370), has been detected through high-precision experiments at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider, potentially providing significant validation for parts of the Standard Model of particle physics. The implications of this finding could be vast, impacting our understanding of the fundamental forces that shape our universe. As more data is analyzed; this could be a monumental step in particle physics. https://lnkd.in/g9-wJ64G #Physics #Quantum #ParticlePhysics #IP #VC #Patents #DeepTech