This week, I attended an Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP) discussion that posed the question: Is the UK diverging from European environmental policy?
Over recent years, the EU has demonstrated global leadership by expanding its environmental and climate protection laws, with the Green Deal acting as a powerful stimulus for a variety of progressive policy measures. As a general trend, the UK has adopted a less stringent approach, tending to introduce voluntary initiatives over mandatory legislation.
In turn, this means that the UK and the EU are starting to take diverging paths on a variety of policy areas, including water, waste, circular economy, chemicals, pesticides, nature protection, and industrial pollution. For some, a more accurate reading is that the UK is attempting to emulate the EU but failing to meet the same high standard.
The conversation also addressed why this is happening. Partly, it can be explained by practical issues, including a shortage of the expertise and resources required to closely monitor what the EU is doing and ensure the UK can keep up. Moreover, post-Brexit alignment has not been a political priority – relegated behind recovery from the pandemic and a global economic downturn. At the same time, progress has been stymied by a lack of political consensus. With the current Conservative government seemingly uncertain of which version of Brexit Britain it would like to be – low regulation, low tax? Or high regulation, high investment? – the UK has taken its eye off the ball.
The speakers noted that if the divergence continues to grow, the UK risks damaging its reputation as an environmental leader, whilst further increasing friction to trade and incurring additional costs for businesses and the economy.
So, what could the future hold? Speakers generally agreed that while a possible Labour government is anxious about being seen to re-establish close links with the EU, it would be more open to dynamic alignment on environmental issues. However, this would depend on the size of government’s majority and the scale of the issues they need to confront.
Meanwhile, the EU also faces a challenging political context. Conservative and right-wing factions have seized on public frustration with environmental legislation as an electoral issue. Recent backtracking on environmental initiatives, such as biodiversity obligations for farmers, has cast doubt over the future of the Green Deal under a new mandate.
To conclude, speakers highlighted that recent protests in Brussels indicate a failure to change the dominant narrative that environmental legislation equals red tape. The solution? To emphasise the positive potential of adaptation and communicate more clearly about the cost of inaction.
MA in Security Policy Graduate and former Global Issues and Innovation Trainee | EU-US Energy and Climate Policy
5moIt's very interesting how this does not translate in electoral polling