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Watervapor a more common greenhouse gas.
With all the attention given to humans’ climate-warming carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, you might be surprised to learn that CO2 is not the most important greenhouse gas affecting the Earth’s temperature. That distinction belongs to water.
We can thank water vapor for about half of the “greenhouse effect” keeping heat from the sun inside our atmosphere.1 “It’s the most important greenhouse gas in our climate system, because of its relatively high concentrations,” says Kerry Emanuel, professor emeritus of atmospheric science at MIT. “It can vary from almost nothing to as much as 3% of a volume of air.”
Compare that to CO2, which today makes up about 420 parts per million of our atmosphere—0.04%—and you can see immediately why water vapor is such a linchpin of our climate system.
So why do we never hear climate scientists raising the alarm about our “water emissions”? It’s not because humans don’t put water into the atmosphere. Even the exhaust coming from a coal power plant—the classic example of a climate-warming greenhouse gas emission—contains almost as much water vapor as CO2.2 It’s why that exhaust forms a visible cloud.
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Ever-rising levels of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane are heating the planet, amplifying heat waves, and raising sea levels. Managing these troublesome gases has become an international priority. But first we need to accurately measure them.
Scientists measure greenhouse gases using light. Each type of gas molecule absorbs specific colors of light, giving it a unique “fingerprint.” By analyzing light that has interacted with the molecules — a technique called spectroscopy — it’s possible to spot these fingerprints and determine how much of each gas is in the atmosphere.
These measurements ultimately tell governments and companies where to focus efforts aimed at reining in these planet-warming molecules.
Learn more about how these gases are measured: https://lnkd.in/eQKmC7ZT#Environment#Spectroscopy#Measurement#CO2#Climate
High levels of CO2 in the atmosphere contribute significantly to climate change by trapping heat, leading to global warming. This results in severe weather patterns, melting ice caps, rising sea levels, and disruption of natural habitats. The increasing concentration of CO2, as highlighted by NOAA, underscores the urgency in addressing carbon emissions to mitigate these environmental impacts.
Ever-rising levels of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane are heating the planet, amplifying heat waves, and raising sea levels. Managing these troublesome gases has become an international priority. But first we need to accurately measure them.
Scientists measure greenhouse gases using light. Each type of gas molecule absorbs specific colors of light, giving it a unique “fingerprint.” By analyzing light that has interacted with the molecules — a technique called spectroscopy — it’s possible to spot these fingerprints and determine how much of each gas is in the atmosphere.
These measurements ultimately tell governments and companies where to focus efforts aimed at reining in these planet-warming molecules.
Learn more about how these gases are measured: https://lnkd.in/eQKmC7ZT#Environment#Spectroscopy#Measurement#CO2#Climate
Tracking Our Atmospheric Health: The Rising CO2 Levels
In my latest environmental update, we're faced with a stark reminder of the ongoing challenges we have in managing our planet's atmospheric health. Data from CO2.Earth, sourced from the NOAA's Mauna Loa Observatory, has shown a worrying trend in the levels of carbon dioxide, the primary greenhouse gas implicated in climate change.
As of February 20, 2024, the daily measured concentration of atmospheric CO2 stood at 425.27 parts per million (ppm). This represents a significant rise of 5.43 ppm, or 1.29%, from the same day in 2023, when levels were 419.84 ppm. It's a clear indication that despite global efforts, we are still on an upward trajectory when it comes to emissions.
This rise propels us further beyond the safe limits identified by scientists, which is pegged at 350 ppm. Beyond this threshold, we encounter a range of environmental instabilities that can lead to severe consequences of climate change.
The graph serves as more than just a set of numbers; it's a call to action. It underscores the need for continued innovation and resource allocation to address this overshoot and to find ways to reverse the trend. Every fraction of an increase in CO2 levels is a step further away from the balance we strive to maintain with our environment.
As we digest this information, let's remember that the data is not just a reflection of our actions but a guidepost for our future efforts. It's time for us to unite in a concerted effort to bring these numbers down for the sake of our planet and future generations.
#AtmosphericHealth#CO2Levels#ClimateChange#Environmental#FutureEfforts
#HistoricalAtmosphericCO2Concentrations#KathleenWendt#ChristoBuizert#OregonStateUniversity#OSU#UniversityOfStAndrews#NSF
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This is the bold approach taken in a new study from Oregon State University (OSU) and University of St Andrews scientists, who, working with the US National Science Foundation, have unlocked a 50,000-year timeline of atmospheric carbon dioxide – thanks to tiny bubbles trapped in Antarctic ice, frozen in time miles below the Earth's surface.
“Studying the past teaches us how today is different," said Kathleen Wendt, an assistant professor at OSU and the study’s lead author. "The rate of CO2 change today really is unprecedented."
Using frozen samples from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice core, which were extracted by drilling two miles (3.2 km) deep, the team conducted chemical analysis on the little pockets of preserved gases in the ice blocks to get a clear picture of atmospheric CO2 changes over the many, many years.
What the researchers found was that yes, there have been periods of elevated CO2 in the atmosphere far beyond 'normal' range – but those levels pale in comparison to what we're now facing thanks to anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions.
While the team identified that, over 50,000 years, the natural ebb and flow of CO2 in the atmosphere did increase by an estimated 14 parts per million across 55 years, every 7,000 years or so. Now, CO2 levels jump that same amount every five to six years.
Essentially, CO2 levels are now increasing at a rate that's 10 times faster than at any point in the last 50,000 years.
“Our research identified the fastest rates of past natural CO2 rise ever observed, and the rate occurring today, largely driven by human emissions, is 10 times higher," Wendt said.
The team's analysis has painted a clear, long-term picture of the Earth's historic atmospheric CO2 fluctuations, which also revealed spikes coinciding with North Atlantic cold intervals – or Heinrich events – that are linked to sudden and significant climate changes.
“These Heinrich events are truly remarkable,” said Christo Buizert, an associate professor at OSU and co-author of the study. “We think they are caused by a dramatic collapse of the North American ice sheet. This sets into motion a chain reaction that involves changes to the tropical monsoons, the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds and these large burps of CO2 coming out of the oceans.”
Existing climate data has forecast these westerly winds to likely become stronger and more frequent as the planet warms, and if so will reduce the all-important Southern Ocean's ability to absorb and contain human-generated CO2. Safe to say, this is not the kind of positive feedback loop that scientists want to see, as the planet continues to warm.
...
The study was published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences."
““Our research identified the fastest rates of past natural CO2 rise ever observed, and the rate occurring today, largely driven by human emissions, is 10 times higher," Wendt said.
The team's analysis has painted a clear, long-term picture of the Earth's historic atmospheric CO2 fluctuations, which also revealed spikes coinciding with North Atlantic cold intervals – or Heinrich events – that are linked to sudden and significant climate changes.”
In short:
Yes, we’ve seen CO2 levels increase in the past.
No, never this fast (10x as fast as ever recorded).
Yes, the negative feedback loop will be significant.
#StopBurningStuff
““Our research identified the fastest rates of past natural CO2 rise ever observed, and the rate occurring today, largely driven by human emissions, is 10 times higher," Wendt said.
The team's analysis has painted a clear, long-term picture of the Earth's historic atmospheric CO2 fluctuations, which also revealed spikes coinciding with North Atlantic cold intervals – or Heinrich events – that are linked to sudden and significant climate changes.”
In short:
Yes, we’ve seen CO2 levels increase in the past.
No, never this fast (10x as fast as ever recorded).
Yes, the negative feedback loop will be significant.
#StopBurningStuff
The climate hustle continues:
“The ambiguity is accompanied by inappropriate assumptions and speculations, the weirdest of which is that the behavior of the CO2 in the atmosphere depends on its origin and that CO2 emitted by anthropogenic fossil fuel combustion has higher residence time than when naturally emitted.”
#co2#netzerohttps://lnkd.in/gSPAJNc5
Around 75% of greenhouse effect is caused by water vapor and the models get it wrong but don't worry these same models have CO2 nailed. (Let's not talk about Hunga Tonga.)
We present a concerning discrepancy between observed and model-based historical hydroclimate trends. Over the arid/semi-arid regions of the world, the predominant signal in all model simulations is an increase in atmospheric water vapor. Atmospheric water vapor over arid and semi-arid regions has essentially remained constant over the last four decades on average,
which is strongly at odds with our model-based expectations. This represents a major gap in our understanding and in climate model fidelity that must be understood and fixed as soon as possible in order to provide reliable hydroclimate projections for arid/semi-arid regions in the coming decades.