Mohammed Esmaeil Eid’s Post

Dear Network , here is : The key responsibilities of piping engineers -Designing piping systems: Piping engineers work with process engineers to determine the size, material, and routing of piping systems. They consider factors such as pressure, temperature, flow rate, and compatibility with the fluids being transported. -Analyzing piping systems for stress: Piping engineers use computer software to analyze piping systems for stress. This analysis ensures that the pipes can withstand the forces they will be subjected to during operation, preventing leaks, ruptures, and other potential hazards. -Developing piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs): P&IDs are essential communication tools that show the piping and instrumentation for a process plant. Piping engineers develop P&IDs to convey the design of a piping system to other engineers, technicians, and operators. -Preparing piping specifications: Piping engineers prepare detailed specifications that outline the requirements for piping materials, fabrication, installation, and testing. These specifications ensure that the piping systems meet the necessary safety, performance, and regulatory standards. Inspecting piping systems: Piping engineers inspect piping systems during construction and commissioning to verify that they are installed correctly and comply with the design specifications. They also conduct periodic inspections throughout the operational life of the piping systems to identify and address potential issues before they can cause problems. Piping engineers are highly skilled professionals who play a vital role in ensuring the safety, efficiency, and reliability of the piping systems that underpin our modern world. #pipingengineer #oilandgas #chemicalengineering #pipingdesign #pipinganalysis #pipingstressanalysis #pipingandinstrumentationdiagram #pipinginspection #pipingsystems #powerplants #watertreatment #fluids #gases #infrastructure #safety #efficiency #reliability #ASME #HI #API #AIChE #NIST #SPED

Without the following information/reference data, what-if and HAZOP Reference data cannot proceed 1. Piping & Instrumentation Drawings (P & IDS), that are “as-built” verified for the existing hydrocarbon processing facilities. 2. Plot plan or equipment and main piping layout and pertinent elevation drawings, including surface drainage arrangements. 3. Cause and effects charts (SAFE charts) with schedule of alarm and trip settings. 4. P & IDS for vendor packages. 5. System design philosophy and process description. 6. Fire and explosion protection system drawings or arrangements (fire & gas  detection/alarm, protection - passive and active). 7. Chemical and physical properties of commodities involved, especially hazardous materials (Crude oil GOR, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), etc.). 8. Operating procedures (including. start up or shut down) and maintenance schedules.  9. Process flow diagrams (PFDs) and material & energy balances.  10. Electrical hazardous area diagrams.  11. Full description and system design calculations of emergency shutdown (ESD)  isolation and depressing (blowdown) capabilities including headers, vents and flares.  12. Design duties and basis of calculation of all relief valves, rupture disks, etc.  13. Corrosion monitoring and prevention systems.  14. Engineering design data sheets for all plant items including vendor items.  15. Data sheets for instruments and control valves.  16. Piping and material specifications (if not indicated elsewhere).  17. Flare, vent and drainage header diagrams.  18. Electrical single line diagrams.  19. Instrumentation philosophy (local/remote control, hardwired/data highway, failure  mode(s), analog/digital, emergency alarms, etc.).  20. Drawings showing interfaces to existing systems.  21. Special studies or calculations (vapor dispersions, blast over pressure, etc.)  22. Environmental ambient data (expected temperatures, weather, seismic, etc.).  23. Utilities specifications and reliability (power, water, etc.).  24. Design codes and standards employed (API, NFPA, ANSI, ASME, NACE, etc.).  25. Manning levels, distribution of personnel, levels of supervision and evacuation routes or plans.  26. Ergonomic or human factors features (color coding, accessibility, practical use,languages and instructions, etc.).  27. Loss histories of the existing or similar facilities. 

📋P&ID (piping and instrumentation diagram) 🔸is a detailed diagram in the process industry that shows the piping and process equipment together with the instrumentation and control devices. 🔸P&IDs also play a significant role in the maintenance and modification of the process after the initial build. 🔸P&IDs are originally drawn up during the design stage.We make some deliverables at the FEED stage (front-end engineering design) but have all process deliverables detailed at the detail engineering development stage. 🔸The coordination of piping, instrumentation, electrical, and Process safety engineers is responsible for designing P&ID. ✏️Information we gain from P&ID: 🔹Line number, Line size, and Specification of the piping system. 🔹The flow direction of lines. 🔹All valves (Type of valve and identification of any special type of valve). 🔹Details about high-point vent (HPV), low-point drain (LPD), Special fittings, sampling points, reducers, spectacles, blinds, etc. 🔹permanent start-up and flush lines. 🔹Name and number of all equipment. 🔹Equipment-to-equipment connection details. 🔹Instrument name and number in a piping system. 🔹All control loops (Basic control loops and Advanced control loops). 🔹Insulation or Jacketing requirements. 🔹Vendor and contractor interfaces.

#Piping_And_Instrumentation_Diagram (P&ID) 📍The process flow diagram (PFD) is the primary source of information for the development of piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID)🗺️. 📍The P&ID is a schematic diagram which shows the interconnection of the process equipment and the instrumentation used to control the process🏗️. 📍The P&ID should define piping, equipment and instrumentation well enough for cost estimation and subsequent design, engineering, construction, pre-commissioning, operation, maintenance and modification of the process🦺. 📍During the design and engineering phase of a project, the P&ID provides the basis for the development of system control schemes, allowing for further safety and operational investigation, such as the hazard and operability study (HAZOP)📝. 📌P&IDs are also referred as Engineering Flow Diagrams (EFDs)📋. 📍A P&ID as a minimum should include⛳: ✔️ Mechanical equipment with names and numbers⚙️ ✔️Instrumentation and designations✍️ ✔️Process piping, sizes and identification🧮 ✔️All valves and their identifications🥴 ✔️Vent, drains, piping specialty fittings, sampling lines, reducers,etc. ✔️Permanent start-up and flush lines, Flow directions ✔️Interconnections references🔄 ✔️Control input and output, interlocks📤 ✔️Interface for pipe class changes📈 📌In short, P&ID is just a pictorial representation of ✔️Key piping and instrument details📜 ✔️Control and shutdown schemes🔏 ✔️Safety and regulatory requirements🧑🚒 ✔️Basic start-up and operational information✨ #pipe #pipeing #construction #designer #engineering #mechanical #material #tubes #isometrics #drawing #layout #fittings #flanges #valves #pipingengineer #pipingQC #pipingsystem #industrialpiping #pipingengineering #pipingdesign #pipinginstallation #pipingmaintenance #pipingfabrication #pipinginspection #pipingtesting #pipingrepair #pipingindustry #pipingtrends #pipingtechnology

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID) The process flow diagram (PFD) is the primary source of information for the development of piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID). The P&ID is a schematic diagram which shows the interconnection of the process equipment and the instrumentation used to control the process. The P&ID should define piping, equipment and instrumentation well enough for cost estimation and subsequent design, engineering, construction, pre-commissioning, operation, maintenance and modification of the process. During the design and engineering phase of a project, the P&ID provides the basis for the development of system control schemes, allowing for further safety and operational investigation, such as the hazard and operability study (HAZOP). A P&ID as a minimum should include: - Mechanical equipment with names and numbers. - Instrumentation and designations. - Process piping, sizes and identification. - All valves and their identifications. - Vent, drains, piping specialty fittings, sampling lines, reducers, expanders, etc. - Permanent start-up and flush lines. - Flow directions. - Interconnections references. - Control input and output, interlocks. - Interface for pipe class changes. - Vendor and contractor interfaces. - Identification of components and subsystems delivered by others. In short, P&ID is just a pictorial representation of - Key piping and instrument details. - Control and shutdown schemes. - Safety and regulatory requirements. - Basic start-up and operational information. INPUT REQUIRED FOR P&ID PREPARATION  - Process design basis. - Process flow diagram. - Equipment list. - Process description. - Operation philosophy. - Control philosophy. - Shutdown philosophy. - Isolation philosophy. - Symbols and legends. - Numbering system. - Pipe class specification. - Vendor package details. - Sizing calculations ( Line, Equipment, Instrument). - Equipment datasheets / general arrangement drawing. - Instrument data sheets. - Cause and effect chart. NOTE: P&IDs are used throughout the life of the facility and are constantly updated for any modification/changes that happen from time to time. In the process industry, a standard set of symbols are used to prepare drawing for various processes. Refer PIP(Process Industry Practices) for the typical symbols/legend. #Process_Engineering_Tips

Here is the difference between FEED and DETAIL ENGINEERING packages

In the world of industrial processes, precision and safety are paramount. One of the key tools used to ensure these standards is the Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID). These diagrams are more than just technical drawings—they are the backbone of any process design, operation, and maintenance.

𝗙𝗘𝗘𝗗 𝘃𝘀 𝗗𝗲𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗹 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 •𝗙𝗘𝗘𝗗 : FRONT END ENGINEERING DESIGN -it is followed by Conceptual design or Feasibility study. -FEED design focuses on both, technical and approximate project cost. -FEED package forms the basis for the detailed engineering stage. -ACTIVITIES DURING FEED ✓Process Design Basis ✓Heat & Material Balance ✓Process Flow Diagrams ✓Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams ✓Line list ✓Equipment List ✓Hazardous Area Classification Schedule ✓Process Datasheets ✓Process Description ✓Operating, Control and Safeguarding Philosophy ✓Process simulation/calculation report ✓HAZID / HAZOP study •𝗗𝗲𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗹 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 -All the deliverables prepared during the FEED stage will be reviewed and upgraded during this phase. -Many additional documents and drawings specific to this phase are prepared. -ACTIVITIES DURING DETAIL ENGINEERING (in addition to feed) ✓Operation & control philosophy ✓HAZOP study and Close-out Report ✓Pre-commissioning and Commissioning Manual ✓Effluents and Emissions Summary ✓Single Line Diagrams ✓Instrument Loop Diagrams ✓Material Requisitions for Static Equipment ✓Material Requisitions for Rotary Equipment ✓Material Requisitions for Electrical Items ✓Material Requisitions for Instrument Items ✓Material Requisitions for Civil / Structural ✓Piping Key Plan, Piping GA Drawings, Piping ✓Isometric Drawings ✓Piping Bulk Material Take-Off (MTO) ✓Instrument Bulk MTO ✓Electrical Bulk MTO ✓Civil Bulk MTO ✓Review of Vendor Documents / Drawings (All Disciplines) ✓Technical Bid Analysis ✓Fire Fighting MTO.

A minor legend caused 10 days of my production loss, so I shut down the factory again and met with top management, customers, auditors, mechanical/electrical/fabricators, and many other departments.In my previous organization, a 10 meter column with gravity flow reflux line from condenser to column to be installed, while consultent (we hired for the same project) backcheck was awaiting, while checking P&ID I was engaged in another meeting with vendor , but consultent project manager was aware of our distillation process. Unfortunately, I missed checking the "Gravity flow" legend in the reflux line from the condenser to the column, and I sent this p&ID with a sign copy to the consultant After 3 months of execution as per isometric execution team fabricate the line and shifted the condenser at the plateform, I noticed that column height is 10 meter but my condensers shifted 3 meter below instead of 2 meter above of top of the column. just because I and consultent process team forgot to give gravity legend in P&ID and same I have ignored. When I asked my consultant why this happened, he said it was because their piping engineer didn't detect any gravity symbols in the p&ID, therefore he kept the condenser 3 meters below the column instead of 2 meters above it for avoid static load of equipment. On that day I realised how I have done a minior mistake is impact on my production, execution, electrical, instrument, safety etc..  I discussed my management and take a 10 days shutdown of plant.  Again call the hydra cost approximate in lacs refabrication of line, hot work safety issue remove the solvents for whole area because I want to do welding on floor.  #A process engineer at plant is transformed your skill to a project engineer for the next project.

#Piping #Engineers What is a PFD? process flow diagram is the schematic flow diagram used in the process industries to show the overall process flow to process plant it is a graphical way of describing a process, its constituent tasks, and their sequence And a type of flowchart that illustrates the relationships between major components at an industrial plant . A PFD shows fewer details than a P&ID and is usually the first step in the design process–more of a bird's eye view. More fully developed piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs) are shown in a P&ID. . Why PFD is important for piping design engineers? ·      To understand the process and flow sequence ·      To understand the positioning of equipment as per process sequence. ·      To start a Conceptual and feasibility design such as preliminary equipment placement, positioning of pipe rack, plant entry and exit, maintenance area, assembly points ..etc.