Nikolay's Genetics Lessons’ Post

Here is my latest article on the recent solution to the aperiodic tiling problem: https://lnkd.in/gQJT4taF

Sample: VK173 / UK_Oxford_#17 Location: St_John’s_College_Oxford, Oxford, England, UK Age: Viking 880-1000 CE Y-DNA: I-FT13004 FTDNA Comment: Splits I2-FT12648, derived for 5, ancestral for 7. New path FT13004>FT12648 mtDNA: U5a1b-T16362C

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What is micro-allele or STR micro-variant? Micro-allele is an STR with a fractional value, such as 14.2, rather than a whole integer. Micro-alleles are sometimes also referred to as microvariants, fractional markers or partial repeats. Fractional values frequently arise from a deletion, the mutational loss of one or more nucleotides. For example, if the segment being repeated is AGG, one of the triplets can mutate to AG, thus becoming a fractional repeat. Fractional values can also arise from insertions. The duplicated Y-STR markers DYS385 and DYS464 are particularly prone to partial repeats. If you look at the marker details for DYS385 and DYS464 on the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation website you will see that there are quite a few results that end in a .1, .2, or a .3. Many STRs have a repeating base pair sequence that is somewhere between 3 to 6 base pairs in length. If the allele value ends in .1 this means that an extra base has been added somewhere in the repeated sequence, possibly at the beginning or at the end of the sequence. If the allele value ends in .2 this means that two extra bases have been added somewhere in the repeated sequence. If the allele value ends in .3 this means that three extra bases have been added somewhere in the repeated sequence. Youtube video: https://lnkd.in/d7HQcyJt \#nikolays_genetics_lessons

What makes up the steps of the DNA spiral staircase The DNA molecule consists of two strands that wind around one another to form a shape known as a double helix. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar \(deoxyribose\) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases--adenine \(A\), cytosine \(C\), guanine \(G\), and thymine \(T\). Youtube video: https://lnkd.in/dRVzc2Me \#nikolays_genetics_lessons

Watch the video to learn more about Macular Edema: https://ow.ly/x9Mk50QtFYs

Dihybrid Crossing Problem and Solution Dihybrid cross is a cross between two different lines (varieties, strains) that differ in two observed traits. In the Mendelian sense, between the alleles of both these loci there is a relationship of complete dominance - recessive. Youtube video: https://lnkd.in/dAixhxie #nikolaysgeneticslessons

Beautiful new structures, mechanism, story for Polθ (theta)’s helicase domain, including disorder -> order transition to hold onto DNA! Check it out: https://lnkd.in/guJCCemi

How to calculate joint probability of the two independent traits One probability rule that's very useful in genetics is the product rule, which states that the probability of two \(or more\) independent events occurring together can be calculated by multiplying the individual probabilities of the events. Youtube video: https://lnkd.in/d8BJ-5zb \#nikolays_genetics_lessons

Split peaks - what cause this type of electropherogram artefacts? Capillary electrophoresis is a family of electrokinetic separation methods performed in submillimeter diameter capillaries and in micro- and nanofluidic channels. Youtube video: https://lnkd.in/d9QwqQww \#nikolays_genetics_lessons