Light, alertness and sleep:
Light does not just affect when we sleep. Light can also make us more awake and alert. When we use light in the right way, it can help us work better and be more focused.
Exposure to bright artificial light for too long (especially late in the evening) can make it hard to wind down and prepare for sleep. It can also impact the quality of our sleep. The key is to use light to stay alert (during the day), but also to listen to our body's natural signals to wind down as bedtime approaches.
The ability to turn on a light at night allows us to engage in activities that we normally wouldn't be able to do in the dark. For example, reading, watching TV, playing games, or talking with friends. These activities can end up delaying bedtime and disturbing sleep. It is not just the light itself, but what we do under its glow that can affect how well we sleep.
Many studies have explored how smartphone light before bedtime impacts alertness, sleep quality, and sleep onset. In general, phones and tablets produce relatively low levels of (blue) light. The light level is even lower when we use dark backgrounds, turn on "night mode”, and lower screen brightness. This amount of light can impact how awake we feel, but it often does not do so. What affects our sleep is how we use our devices. Social media can keep us up late and affect how quickly we fall asleep. So, it is not just the light itself, but our actions that impact our sleep.
What you can do to improve your sleep and alertness during the day:
Reduce evening light exposure: Decrease exposure to artificial light in the evening. Gradually dim the lights in your living space 1 to 2 hours before bedtime. This signals to your body that it is time to wind down for sleep. This step is particularly important for night owls who tend to stay up late.
Limit light exposure during sleep: Make your sleep environment as dark as possible. For example, use blackout curtains. These curtains help create a perfectly dark and cozy sleeping space.
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