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Kinda looks reptilian 🦎 but it's a Romanesco cauliflower - a strange-looking vegetable with fractal florets that owes its unique shape to the fact that it forms from failed flowers.
Like regular cauliflowers, Romanescos are a product of selective breeding of Brassica oleracea, from which several other common veggies like cabbage, broccoli & kale also originate.
Cauliflowers, including Romanesco, gain shape because they start as flower buds that fail to become flowers. These buds become shoots that make new flowers, which also fail – & the process is repeated again & again in a sort of chain reaction.
While we still don’t have all the answers, we now know the biological mechanism through which the fractals form.
“They start as flowers then lose their identity,” says French scientist Francois Parcy. “If you imagine a firework, it explodes & makes light. It’s like if each of them was exploding again & again. And what you get, the structure of this cauliflower, is the result of all those consecutive explosions.”
The difference between regular cauliflowers & Romanesco is that each failed flower is visible in the final Romanesco. This is because Romanesco shoots produce more buds at an accelerating rate, which lifts the growing tip away from the centre of the growing cauliflower, creating the familiar array of conical shapes that characterise the Romanesco. Other cauliflower buds are produced at a constant rate, which gives the finished vegetable a different appearance with rounded, hummocky florets.
“The Romanesco is something really, really special. I don’t know any plant that looks like this,” says Parcy. “In a way, it’s written in the code of the plant to make that.”
Image & info: newscientist.com
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