"In contrast to the connected areas, the scientists found that isolated parks, which keep animals in and people out, can lead to unsustainable population booms, and in turn sometimes mass deaths or culling."
Prof Stuart Pimm, of Duke University in the US, and also part of the team, said: “We need to protect elephants, but we also need to connect them. We have fragmented the world and we need to stitch it back together again.”
Isolated and highly protected parks recorded maximum growth rates in some cases and large population increases. But with nowhere to disperse to, dense populations can damage the habitat or force difficult and expensive relocations. Large culls have also been used in the past to control unsustainable numbers.
“Improved connections across landscapes are essential for elephants and other species,” she said. “Human activity is increasingly disrupting connectivity, including roads, fences, agriculture and mining. With increasing threats from the climate crisis, habitat connectivity is more important than ever so species can move away from places where conditions are becoming less favourable.”
About time for wildlife policy makers and managers in India to take note of and act to ensure connectivity across habitats.