Taoglas’ Post

🚀 A novel robust 20-42 GHz rat race (coupler 180°) using parallel transmission lines! 📡 🔍 Traditional rat race couplers, featuring a circle surrounded by three 90-degree arms and one 270-degree arm, are pivotal in providing 0 and 180-degree phases in comparator networks. These components excel in applications such as frequency amplifiers, mixers, balanced amplifiers, and push-pull amplifiers. However, they face limitations in mm-wave applications due to the need for a wide operating bandwidth. 🌟 Our new design overcomes these challenges by utilizing a dielectric substrate covered with microstrip tracks on both sides. Unlike conventional designs, our architecture includes four arms of 90 degrees electrical length, with two vias placed in the middle of an arm to generate a 180-degree phase difference. These double-sided lines achieve equal amplitudes with different phases, allowing efficient electromagnetic wave flow. 🎥 Check out the video to see the electrical field distribution on our mm-wave rat race, showcasing the different modes for power dividing and power combining. In the video, red and blue colors indicate the phase difference, there is a 180-degree phase shift between the blue signals and red signals. This innovation promises enhanced performance for mm-wave applications! More information can be found on: https://lnkd.in/gSYYa5b7 📺 For more detailed insights and tutorials, visit Professor Halim Boutayeb's YouTube channel. Stay updated on our latest advancements and learn more about cutting-edge RF and microwave technologies! https://lnkd.in/eGrCTmS7 #mmwave #broadband #microwaveengineering #RFdesign #ratracecoupler #telecommunications #engineeringinnovation #5G

Day #11 of #100daysofamplifierdesign Today, I delved into the fascinating world of single-stage amplifier topologies using BJT and MOS transistors. These versatile devices offer a myriad of topologies, each tailored to specific use cases and performance requirements. Let's explore some of these topologies and when they shine brightest! 💡 For BJT transistors, we have: 1. Common Emitter: This topology offers high voltage gain and is commonly used in applications requiring voltage amplification, such as audio amplifiers and RF circuits. 2. Common Base: Known for its low input impedance and unity voltage gain, the common base topology is ideal for impedance matching and high-frequency applications. 3. Common Collector: Also known as the emitter follower, this topology provides high input impedance and low output impedance, making it suitable for impedance buffering and voltage follower applications. On the other hand, MOS transistors offer their own set of topologies: 1. Common Source: With its high input impedance and voltage gain, the common source topology is widely used in voltage amplification stages of amplifiers and analog circuits. 2. Common Gate: This topology boasts low input impedance and high output impedance, making it suitable for impedance matching and frequency response shaping in RF applications. 3. Common Drain: Also known as the source follower, the common drain topology offers high input impedance and low output impedance, making it ideal for impedance buffering and voltage follower applications. By understanding the unique characteristics and applications of each topology, engineers can choose the most suitable topology to meet their design requirements. Today's exploration shed light on the diverse world of amplifier topologies, paving the way for more informed design decisions!

Designing an RF antenna for an LTE 5G application is no easy feat. The team at Sienna ECAD Technologies Private Limited tackled it using the sketch routing and auto planner features in Xpedition. The auto-routing tools allowed them to efficiently map this complicated design that includes 18 layers, 2,200 parts, 1,700 nets, 6,500 pin connections, and 167 differential pairs. The result is a clean, compartmentalized design that seamlessly manages mixed-signal design and isolation. #PCBDesign #ElectricalEngineering #RF #RFDesign

Want low noise from your MOS devices? Pay attention to the layout. 👇🏼 Gate resistance is a dominant source of noise and must be reduced at all costs. Here are some methods you can apply right away: 💥 Use narrow width devices 💥 Use multiple gate fingers in parallel 💥 Contact the gate polysilicon on both ends 💥 Route to the device with low resistance lines Bam. You just elevated your design just like that. Screw this up, and pay the price. Learn more about noise in MOS devices: https://lnkd.in/g83U3cw6 ~~ 🔔 Follow for posts on RF engineering. ♻️ Repost if you found it helpful. ✍🏼 Subscribe to my newsletter: www.viksnewsletter.com

RF circuits don’t always function as you would expect, even if you use components rated to operate up to very high frequencies. If you need discrete components in your RF circuits, make sure you know how to find the right parts for your design. https://bit.ly/3TTlEZi #Cadence #Allegro #RFCircuit

The Butler Matrix and its Use for Beamforming and MIMO Testing - By Ranatec AB A Butler Matrix is an analog beamforming network that is used to feed the phased array antenna elements and control the directions of beams. Many modern wireless technologies used phased array antennas to provide directional beams resulting in higher spectrum efficiency. The direction of the beams in phased array antennas can be controlled by adjusting the relative phase of the signals to each antenna element rather than physically moving the antenna. Check out - https://ow.ly/m4YT50Rapyu #butlermatrix #rf #mimo #wireless #beamforming #testing #testandmeasurement #antenna #bluetooth #wifi #telecommunications #design #engineers #networks #ranatec #electronics #connectivity #technology #beam #transmission #receiver #5G #6G #mobile #cellular #wlan #carrier #networks #article #engineering

[𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐧𝐚] The antenna is a very important component of communication systems. By definition, an antenna is a device used to transform an RF signal, travelling on a conductor, into an electromagnetic wave in free space (transmit mode), and to transform an RF electromagnetic wave into an electrical signal (receive mode). The choice of antenna is very important for a transmitting - receiving communication system. The antenna must be able to radiate or receive efficiently so the power supplied is not wasted. lets start with 𝐈𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐝-𝐅 𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐧𝐚 (𝐈𝐅𝐀): An inverted-F antenna is a type of antenna used in wireless communication, mainly at UHF and microwave frequencies. It consists of a monopole antenna running parallel to a ground plane and grounded at one end. The antenna is fed from an intermediate point a distance from the grounded end. The design has two advantages over a simple monopole: the antenna is shorter and more compact, allowing it to be contained within the case of the mobile device, and it can be impedance matched to the feed circuit by the designer, allowing it to radiate power efficiently, without the need for extraneous matching components. IFA is a better antenna compared to MIFA for radiation. Given space availability IFA antenna is a better antenna than a MIFA antenna. It has better efficiency. However, it requires more area compared to MIFA. The IFA is recommended for applications in which one of the antenna dimensions is constrained, such as in a heart rate monitor. FIGURE (𝐈𝐅𝐀) : DO NOT PLACE ANY COPPER ON THE BOTTOM SIDE OF THE PCB IN THE WHITE AREA.

Interesting read on loss mechanisms in RF amps in compression and differences in measuring compression from a VNA versus Power meter

Do you know the difference between Aperture vs Impedance Tuning using Antenna Tuners? 👇🏼 Antenna tuners are implemented with Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) single-pole multi-throw switches, with passive components in each throw depending on the tuning needed. Aperture tuning: ↳ The natural resonance of the antenna is shifted to the required band of operation, increasing its overall efficiency. ↳ The tuner is added at a specific location along the antenna to tune its resonance. Impedance tuning: ↳ Optimizes the signal transmission to the antenna by providing the correct impedance environment between the antenna and the rest of the system. ↳ The tuner is added at the antenna feed point to tune its impedance. Today, antenna tuning is a sophisticated process with algorithms looking to dynamically improve SNR at all times. Fascinating. If you'd like to know more, read this: https://lnkd.in/gD4RAx-t ~~ 🔔 Follow me for posts on RF engineering ♻️ Repost if you found it helpful. ✍🏼 Join 2.4K+ others: viksnewsletter.com

The Future of mm-Wave Circulators: Embracing Hybrid Solutions by David Porterfield Y-junctions have been the dominant circulator technology at mm-wave frequencies for more than 50 years. However, the Y-junction bandwidth degrades at the higher mm-wave frequencies. Y-junctions can achieve 20 dB isolation over the band 92-98 GHz. A triple junction circulator can offer more than 35 dB isolation of the transmitter from a signal entering the antenna, which can be very useful for some high-power transmitters that can be sensitive to signals entering their output ports. Read this article if you are a mm wave design engineer or want to learn more about incorporating Circulators into your projects for improved performance.