Do I need to Buy a Property Next Year?
Commercial real estate (CRE) is in the midst of an ongoing correction. Valuations are already down about 15% to 20% for multifamily assets, and it’s unclear when the market will bottom out. Credit risk, slowing rent growth, and high interest rates are still taking their toll.
Due to this ongoing uncertainty, most multifamily investors I know have slowed their acquisitions or even stopped completely. Many players want to wait to see what happens. Ideally, they can perfectly time the bottom of the market and jump back in. The problem is that no one knows exactly when the market will bottom out.
So, how does an investor get into this market? How do you take advantage of the opportunities that will exist in commercial real estate in the coming years without taking on excessive risk? A sensitivity analysis could help.
A sensitivity analysis is a simple step in your due diligence and underwriting that can help you test your underwriting assumptions and evaluate risk and reward during this uncertain time. I’ll explain how it works and how you can create one for yourself.
Commercial Valuations
Before we get to sensitivity analyses, I need to briefly explain how most commercial assets are valued using cap rates and net operating income (NOI).
A capitalization rate (cap rate) is a measurement of market sentiment used to benchmark income-producing properties. Or, in plain English, cap rates reflect how much investors are willing to pay, as a percentage of the property’s income, to buy a property. Generally speaking, buyers want high cap rates (lower valuations), and sellers generally want low cap rates (higher valuations).
Cap rates are relative to specific areas and asset classes and are influenced by investor demand. So, the cap rate an office building in Cleveland trades for will be different from a multifamily complex in Orlando. If there is low demand for a particular asset type, cap rates will rise. If there is strong demand, cap rates fall.
To estimate values in CRE, you can use cap rates and NOI. NOI is a measure of profitability calculated by subtracting a property’s operating expenses from the gross income. When you know a property’s cap rate and NOI, you can estimate valuation.
Valuation = NOI/Cap Rate
As an example, if you have a property with an NOI of $200,000 and the cap rate is 5%, the valuation will be about $4 million.
Sensitivity Analysis
The challenge with using cap rates for valuation is that the market cap rate can change. You may buy an asset at one cap rate, and then over the course of your hold period, market sentiment shifts, and you are selling at a very different cap rate.
And this really matters. If cap rates stay steady or fall over the course of your hold period, great! That will help your returns. But if cap rates rise, that could damage your valuation.