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Since it started in 2006, #Spotify has made a loss every year, except in 2021. Yet, shareholders have high expectations and value the company at nearly $40bn. What is happening? Some investors hope for “Amazon-like” economics, in which money is burned for a long time until the competition is gone, and you can charge what you want. But the source of profit of the Amazon Marketplace #platform is that it earns money by facilitating other businesses, which pay for this service. Spotify is not a platform but a classical distribution channel for the music industry. It pays its suppliers, the record companies who own music. The major record companies (Sony, Universal and Warner) ask huge license fees from Spotify for the music they supply. These fees grow with the number of users. This is a gaping hole in the road to profitability that may be impossible to cross for Spotify. Spotify generated a profit in Q3 of 2022, not by decreasing its variable licensing cost, but by laying off people. In the long run, reducing fixed costs cannot offset rising variable costs. This is not a problem for some deep-pocketed competitors. Apple Music does not need to make a profit as it exists to create demand for Apple gadgets, which have comfortable margins. Amazon Music does not need to be profitable either, as it exists to attract consumers to the Prime program, where they spend twice what non-Prime customers spend. And TikTok, the new kid on the block, earns money from other people’s creative effort made freely available, and does experience Amazon-like platform economics. If you want to invest in Spotify, understand its #ecosystem first.   Want to gain more insights into ecosystem strategy and the platform economy? Don't miss the opportunity to join  The Value Engineers' #conference on February 14. Discover more here: https://lnkd.in/eAmQC-yQ. Registration is possible before February 1. For teachers in higher education, there is a bonus: access to tested #teaching material on ecosystem strategy, business modeling, and the platform economy.   #businesecosystem #businessmodel #ecosystemstrategy #teachingresources Gerard Wijers Sander Teekens Paul Timmers Hans Blaauw Timber Haaker Jaap Gordijn Iris Zeeman Alex Bausch

  • Spotify business ecosystem

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