Vandana Rajpoot’s Post

Web app attacks are malicious actions that target web applications, aiming to steal data, disrupt services, or gain unauthorized access. Common types include: 1. SQL Injection (SQLi): Involves injecting malicious SQL queries into user inputs to manipulate a database. Attackers can access, modify, or delete data, or even take control of the entire database.  2. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): Attackers insert harmful scripts, often JavaScript, into web pages to steal data, cookies, or perform actions on behalf of users. 3. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF): Users are tricked into performing actions on other websites without their consent, using their own credentials. This can result in unauthorized actions like password changes or unwanted purchases. 4. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS): Overloads a web application with massive traffic to make it unavailable, disrupting its service. It's not about exploiting vulnerabilities but sheer volume. 5. XML External Entity (XXE) Injection: Attackers use malicious XML to exploit web apps, potentially revealing sensitive data or executing harmful actions, like port scanning. 6. Cross-Site Script Inclusion (XSSI) attacks take advantage of how web apps use data exchange, like JSONP. Attackers can access private data on another domain by manipulating how data is included. 7. Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF): Trick a server into making unintended requests to internal resources, potentially leading to information exposure, service disruption, or further attacks on the internal network. 8. Insecure Deserialization: Can lead to data manipulation and running code on the web app, causing remote code execution and data tampering. 9. File Upload Vulnerabilities: When a web app permits file uploads without strict validation, attackers can upload harmful files, potentially compromising the server by running malicious code or other attacks. 10. Security Misconfigurations: Improperly set up web apps, servers, or databases can lead to vulnerabilities. Attackers exploit these to gain unauthorized access, steal data, or disrupt services. 11. Brute Force and Credential Stuffing: Attackers use brute force attacks or stolen credentials (credential stuffing) to try different passwords repeatedly and gain unauthorized access to user accounts. 12. Clickjacking: Clickjacking is a cyber attack where a sneaky layer is placed over a real website, tricking users into clicking on it instead. This can make users unintentionally perform actions they didn't want to, which could put their accounts or data at risk. 13. Remote Code Execution: RCE attacks let hackers run their own code on a server, potentially taking over the application, gaining unauthorized access, and stealing or changing data. These vulnerabilities are very serious and can cause significant harm. #OWASPtop10 #typesofwebattack #infosec #cybersecurity #staysafeonline Senselearner Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

Malware is harmful software that can mess up your computer or steal your information. It spreads through emails, downloads, and tricks like phishing. Types of malware: 1. Virus: Viruses stick to files, copy themselves when opened, and cause harm like file damage or system disruption. 2. Worms: It act like viruses but spread without human help. They use system or network weaknesses to hop from one computer to another. 3. Trojans: Trojans are like sneaky imposters. They pretend to be real software but let attackers control your computer or steal your info once you install them. 4. Ransomware: Ransomware locks your files and asks for money to unlock them. It can be expensive and cause big problems for people and businesses. 5. Spyware: Spyware secretly watches what you do on your computer, like a digital spy. It snatches personal info like passwords and what you browse. It's used for stealing money or doing other harmful stuff. 6. Adware: Adware bombards your computer with annoying ads and pop-ups. It's not as harmful as other malware, but it's really irritating. 7. Bots: Bots are like digital henchmen. They create networks of infected computers for attackers to control. These networks can be used for attacks, spam, or data theft. 8. Rootkits: Rootkits give attackers ultimate control over your computer. They can put in more malware, take your data, or change how your computer works. 9. Backdoors: Backdoors are secret entrances into computer systems that let people access them without permission. 10. Fileless malware: Fileless malware doesn't leave files on your computer. It's in your computer's memory and starts when your computer does. It's tricky to find and delete. #TypesofMalware #cybersecurityawareness #infosec #dsci #isea #staysecureonline #staysafe Senselearner Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

A zero-day attack is a type of cyber attack that takes advantage of a vulnerability in software or systems that the developers are unaware of and have not yet fixed. It's a sneaky way for hackers to exploit these weaknesses before anyone else knows about them. A zero-day vulnerability is like a hidden weakness in software. When it's revealed, there's no immediate fix, making it a serious security risk. As if there is no vaccine for a new virus. Organizations can't protect against these attacks until a solution is created. This post talks about the newest issues of computer security. It tells us about the latest news on these problems that haven't been fixed yet. It helps us understand the difficulties of these security issues create and the damage they bring to organizations. 1. Cisco IOS XE Web UI Remote Code Execution (CVE-2023–20198) 2. Microsoft WordPad NTLM Hash Disclosure (CVE-2023–36563) 3. Skype for Business Server Information Disclosure (CVE-2023–41763) 4. Confluence Data Center and Server Remote Code Execution (CVE-2023–22515) 5. Google Pixel Security Features Bypass (CVE-2023–4211) 6. Trend Micro Apex One and Worry-Free Business Privilege Escalation (CVE-2023–41179) 7. Microsoft Streaming Service Proxy Privilege Escalation (CVE-2023–36802) 8. Microsoft Word Information Disclosure (CVE-2023–36761) 9. Adobe Acrobat and Reader Remote Code Execution (CVE-2023–26369) 10. Google Chrome Remote Code Execution (CVE-2023–5129, CVE-2023–4863). #ZeroDayAttack #LatestZeroDayAttack #cybersecurityawareness #infosec #dsci #isea #Staysecureonline Senselearner Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

The SANS Top 25 is a list of the most dangerous software errors that can lead to security vulnerabilities. It helps organizations focus on addressing these common weaknesses to enhance their software security. List of the SANS Top 25 Dangerous Software Errors are: 1. Injection 2. Broken Authentication 3. Sensitive Data Exposure 4. XML External Entities (XXE) 5. Broken Access Control 6. Security Misconfiguration 7. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) 8. Insecure Deserialization 9. Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities 10. Insufficient Logging & Monitoring 11. Insecure Direct Object References 12. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) 13. Using Untrusted Inputs 14. Security Decisions via Untrusted Inputs 15. Inadequate Encryption & Hashing 16. Unvalidated Redirects & Forwards 17. Missing Function Level Access Control 18. Mass Assignment 19. Missing Security Headers 20. Invalidated Redirects & Forwards 21. Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm 22. Security Logging and Monitoring Failures 23. Insecure API 24. OWASP Top Ten 25. External Control of Critical State #cybersecurity #infosec #SANS #staysecure #digitalworld Senselearner Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

What's CVE, CWE, and NVD? CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures): It is a standard for identifying and describing security vulnerabilities, each with a unique identifier. -[CVE - (mitre.org)]. CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration): A list that classifies typical software flaws that might result in security holes and provides in-depth explanations of their causes and remediation techniques. [CWE - (mitre.org)] National Vulnerability Database (NVD): NVD offers vulnerability management information, including CVSS scores, exploit accessibility, and remediation techniques. [NVD - Home (nist.gov)] CWE is used by the NVD to classify CVE entries. This enables the NVD to provide more specific information on vulnerabilities and their consequences. #cybersecurity #ethicalhacking #Mitre #NIST Senselearner Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

Nmap (Network Mapper) is a open-source network scanning tool that can be used to discover devices, services, and vulnerabilities on a network. Here are some common Nmap commands and their explanations: 1. Basic Scan: nmap target[ ipaddress ] This performs a basic scan on the specified target. Replace 'target' with the IP address or hostname of the target system. 2. Scan a Range of Hosts: nmap IPaddress 3. Scan Multiple Hosts: nmap host1 host2 host3 host4 You can scan multiple hosts by listing their IP addresses or hostnames separated by spaces. 4. Specify Ports: nmap -p 80,443 target[ ipaddress ] Scans specific ports (in this example, port 80 and 443) on the target system. 5. Scan All Ports: nmap -p- target[ ipaddress ] Scans all 65,535 ports on the target system. 6. Operating System Detection: nmap -O target[ ipaddress ] Attempts to identify the target's operating system. 7. Service Version Detection: nmap -sV target[ ipaddress ] Detects and displays the versions of services running on open ports. 8. Aggressive Scan: nmap -A target[ ipaddress ] Enables aggressive mode, which includes OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute. 9. Script Scanning: nmap --script scriptname target[ ipaddress ] Runs a specific Nmap script against the target. Replace 'scriptname' with the name of the script you want to run. 10. Output to a File: nmap -oN output.txt target[ ipaddress ] Saves the scan results to a text file named 'output.txt'. 11. Verbose Output: nmap -v target[ipaddress] Enables verbose output, providing more detailed information during the scan. 12. Timing Options: nmap -T4 target[ ipaddress ] Sets the timing template. Options range from -T0 (paranoid) to -T5 (insane), with -T4 being a balanced choice. 13. Ping Scan: nmap -sn target[ ipaddress ] Performs a ping scan to check which hosts are up without scanning ports. 14. UDP Scan: nmap -sU target[ ipaddress ] Performs a UDP scan on the target. UDP scans are used to discover UDP services. #cybersecurity #networkmapper #nmap Senselearner Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

Information Gathering tools are: - 1. Whois Lookup: This tool allows you to look up domain registration information, including the owner’s name and contact details. 2. Mx toolbox: It is used to gather information about DNS, MX, and more. 3. ip2location: It is a useful tool to gather information about IP addresses. 4. Hunter.io: Hunting for email addresses is a great tool for gathering mail. 5. Centralops.net: This website provides free online network tools. These tools include traceroute, nslookup, dig, whois lookup, ping, domain dossier, and email dossier. 6. Netcraft: This tool is useful to gather information about technologies used in websites, web servers, and their OS. 7. Subdomain Finder: This tool is like a detective that helps you uncover and list all the subdomains associated with a specific domain, making it easier for you to explore and analyze the different parts of a website. 8. Nmap: It is a network scanning tool used for host discovery, port scanning, and OS detection. 9. Shodan: It is a search engine that helps find specific devices connected to the internet, revealing open ports, exposed services, and potential vulnerabilities. 10. PhoneInfoga: This tool is used for gathering information about phone numbers, including carrier details, geolocation, and possible data breaches. 11. Google Dork: This tool works like a smart search assistant that helps you discover hidden and specific information on the internet using advanced search queries. 12. Maltego: visualizing and analyzing relationships between entities, gathering information from social media, databases, and search engines. 13. theHarvester: It collects a lot of data for gathering information like email addresses, subdomains, and other information related to a target domain from multiple sources. 14. Recon-ng: It gathers many pieces of information, such as IP, URLs, mail, numbers,Social media accounts, and more. 15. Metasploit Framework: A penetration testing framework with modules for vulnerability scanning, service enumeration, and exploiting target systems. 16. Wireshark is a network protocol analyzer for capturing and analyzing network traffic to inspect packets and identify security issues. 17. OSINT Framework: A comprehensive collection of tools and resources for conducting open-source intelligence gathering across various domains. 18. SpiderFoot: This tool is an open-source reconnaissance tool. It automates data gathering from search engines, DNS records, and other public sources. 19. Burp Suite: This tool is a web application security testing tool used for intercepting web traffic, enumerating directories, and identifying vulnerabilities. 20. SpiderFoot: This tool automates data gathering from search engines, DNS records, and other public sources. #CyberSecurity #InformationGathering #NetworkSecurity Senselearner Technologies Pvt. Ltd.  

Difference Between Footprinting and Reconnaissance: Footprinting is the very first tool in an ethical hacker's arsenal. It gathers information about the target system in active and passive ways.   Passive footprinting involves collecting publicly available data, such as information from social media profiles, company websites, and domain records. Active footprinting, on the other hand, employs techniques like DNS queries and network scanning to gather information.   Reconnaissance refers to the initial stage of an attack or security assessment where information is gathered about the target system or organization. It involves understanding the target's environment, potential vulnerabilities, and security measures. In simpler terms, footprinting is about collecting specific information to find weaknesses, while reconnaissance is a broader term that involves understanding the target's overall environment and gathering intelligence. #CyberSecurity #EthicalHacking Senselearner Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

Explore the five essential phases of ethical hacking. 1. Reconnaissance:- Ethical hacker is gathering the information that can be useful to do the task about the target system or network. The information is very useful to describe the situation of the whole system. 2. Scanning: scanning the system to find vulnerabilities and search for suitable ways to get into the system 3. Gaining Access: In this process, the hacker gains access to the system by using the information that was collected during the reconnaissance and scanning periods. 4. Maintaining Access: After entering the system, a hacker must ensure that he takes control of the whole system. So, after entering the system, the very first duty is to establish the position and make sure the session stays under the hacker's control. 5. Clearing Tracks: Removing the information about entrance and delete any type of evidence that can be traced back to the hacker. These ethical hackers help make the digital world safer for all of us by finding and fixing weaknesses before the bad guys can use them. #staysafeonline #ethicalhacking #cybersecurity #Senselearner