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The word ‘Philosophy’ comes from the Latin and Greek words, ‘Philo’ and ‘Sophia’. ‘Philo’ means ‘love’ and ‘sophia’ means ‘wisdom’. Hence, in a time where uncertainty, division, fake news, etc., prevail, we must all become lovers of wisdom. But then, what is wisdom? https://lnkd.in/dKUjfRC7
Dive into the depths of thought with these Top 10 #Philosophy Books! Embark on an intellectual odyssey with the top 10 philosophical masterpieces! 🚀 From Marcus Aurelius' 'Meditations' to Nietzsche's 'Beyond Good and Evil,' each work offers timeless insights. Join us as we explore Aristotle's 'Nicomachean Ethics,' Kant's 'Critique of Pure Reason,' and Plato's 'The Republic.' 🧠 Delve into Heidegger's 'Being and Time,' Hume's 'A Treatise of Human Nature,' and Baudrillard's 'Simulacra and Simulation.' 🌀 Rawls proposes justice foundations in 'A Theory of Justice,' and Sartre concludes with existentialist reflections in 'Being and Nothingness.' These are more than texts; they are gateways to profound contemplation. Follow us for a transformative journey into the depths of philosophy! Are you ready to unlock the treasures of intellectual discovery? Your odyssey begins here!
'The ignorant man is not free, because what confronts him is an alien world, something outside him and in the offing, on which he depends, without his having made this foreign world for himself and therefore without being at home in it by himself as in something his own. The impulse of curiosity, the pressure for knowledge, from the lowest level up to the highest rung of philosophical insight arises only from the struggle to cancel this situation of unfreedom and to make the world one’s own in one’s ideas and thought'. - Hegel, 'Aesthetics: Lectures on Fine Art', 1831. (Salvador Dali, 'Ambivalent Image', 1933)
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Truth is in the verification The phrase "Truth is in the verification" echoes the sentiment of the verification principle, central to logical positivism, a philosophy emphasizing that a statement's meaning lies in its verifiability. However, attributing this exact phrase to a specific individual is tricky without more context, as it synthesizes ideas from several thinkers. Logical positivism, primarily associated with the Vienna Circle in the early 20th century, included philosophers like Moritz Schlick, Rudolf Carnap, and A.J. Ayer. A.J. Ayer, in his book "Language, Truth, and Logic" (1936), discussed at length the verification principle, which posits that a statement is meaningful only if it can be empirically verified or is tautological. This principle reflects the broader philosophical inquiry into the nature of truth and knowledge, touching on earlier ideas from empiricism and analytical philosophy. While "Truth is in the verification" succinctly captures the essence of logical positivism, it might not directly quote a specific philosopher but rather summarizes the collective stance of those associated with this movement. #philosoraptor
TELL YOUR STORY TRUE! - by Julius Fann, Jr Everyone has a story to tell. When one tells the story of their experience between the arc of birth and death, whether secular, religious, political, or philosophical, at some interval their story touches all levels of human comprehension. All levels are relative to everyone entering this world by C-section or backward. Every individual, irrespective of physical condition has the same initial level of vision, feelings, and potential in thinking whether they have the ability to analyze anything within the circle of humanity or not. So, what separates the novice of thought from those above and below them intellectually or spiritually? Is it one's inner need for expansion, of willing to dare step out of their strain of conformity to seek and locate their light? I see no expansive moves from the mass followers of men ordained by men, except those communicating their experiences, telling their true story without adding ego-mind, nor taking away from it. There is always a necessity to learn, to join the conversation, and tell of one's experience, whether one seeks expansion or not. It is and has always been, the storytellers - the keeper of the light - who have laid the foundation for humanity's moral, ethical, and code of justice. And it has been the dead ideas still being growing from Mother Earth practiced in the world, and homes, nations, countries which preacher's poets, and philosophers build bridges going round and round in the confined circle of the wheel that just rotates? Expansion of awakening does not signify holiness, wisdom or knowledge, it demonstrates the depth into the darkness one has ventured into, and yet willing to venture even deeper. And should one have not expanded to bring out of their house something old and new of the story they are living, how can they speak the truth of what they have experienced in their holy place within? When challenging anyone of what they present, one must have a story to tell to show a better way and higher position. If they do not, it should be noted: "...they have sown the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind. It hath no stalk, and the bud shall yield no meal, if so be it yield, the stranger shall swallow it up." - Hosea 8:7 Never give power to anything a person believes is their source of strength - jufa
"Struggles named Philosophical Investigations" (VII) written by Shigeki Noya Chapter 3-6 Above all, one might resort to a general idea in the mind because the sample in front of one's eyes isn't sufficient, but why is it acceptable to have a general idea when the sample in front isn't enough? Ultimately, by bringing the problem to the unclear realm of the "mind," one might only feel as if the problem has been somewhat resolved. So, should we say that the problem of encountering only individual dogs despite the meaning of the word "dog" being general cannot be solved by appealing to general ideas? No, that's not the case. The problem should be solvable even without resorting to general ideas. Show several typical dogs and teach, "These are the kind of things called 'dogs'." The goal is not to form general ideas, but to become able to use the word "dog," to participate in that language game. And for that purpose, explanations using examples are effective. No, let's put it more accurately. Explanations using examples, in appropriate situations, are factually effective for most people. We must acknowledge the effectiveness of examples without resorting to general ideas. (To be continued)
Exploring the Intriguing World of Philosophy and Imagination Recently, for numerous compelling reasons, I delved into the depths of "Cinema, Movement et Image" by Gilles Deleuze. As someone who has often grappled with the intricacies of European modern philosophers, I found myself immersed in a thought-provoking journey. Deleuze, Baudrillard, Derrida, and other modern philosophers have always captivated my interest with their unique perspectives. One recurring theme that has piqued my curiosity is the concept of imagination as discussed by Gilles Deleuze. What does he truly mean by imagination? Is it synonymous with illusion, or does it encompass elements of fantasizing and hallucination as well? These questions delve into the fundamental workings of the brain's synapses and have sparked countless contemplative moments. In contrast to the European philosophers, I have found that American philosophers tend to offer clear and distinct definitions for the terms they employ. This juxtaposition has led me to ponder the nuances of language and the varied interpretations it can yield. How can one seamlessly transition from discussing illusion to delving into the realm of imagination in the subsequent paragraph? These are two distinct concepts that open up a world of diverse definitions and interpretations. This exploration has ignited a fervent desire within me to unravel the intricate tapestry of philosophical discourse. As I navigate through the works of these profound thinkers, I am continually challenged to expand my understanding and embrace the rich diversity of philosophical thought. I invite you to join me in this stimulating exploration of the multifaceted world of philosophy and imagination. Let us engage in meaningful conversations and delve deeper into the profound concepts that shape our understanding of the world around us. Together, we can unravel the enigmatic threads of philosophical discourse and emerge with a newfound appreciation for the complexities of human thought. #Philosophy #Imagination #GillesDeleuze #ModernPhilosophers #ThoughtProvoking
"Kierkegaard practices a deliberately confusing philosophical “authorship” with the help of shifting pseudonyms, behind which he is clearly recognizable as “editor” – and yet, his pseudonyms are not identical with himself. His pseudonyms are, as he called them, pseudonyms in “psychologically varied differences of individuality.” Kierkegaard lets them respond to each other just as individuals do; he lets them interact. Subjectivity is reflected by another’s subjectivity without this resulting in objectivity. All the more so, as the pseudonyms create freedom for thought experiments: they touch on an empty center that Kierkegaard deliberately keeps free; for, in relation to faith and, particularly, in relation to sin, no one can be objective. The pseudonyms allow the author not to have to commit himself to certain opinions and, by contrast, to be able to give voice to opposing standpoints (for instance with the help of the inversely related pseudonyms “Climacus” and “Anti-Climacus”). With his often saltatory, light-footed, apparently superficial style, Kierkegaard rejects all claims for ultimate authority. To read the rest of "Courageous Beginnings: 25 Situations of New Orientations in the History of Philosophy", head to our website! It's available for free download. Link in bio. #philosophy
"Struggles named Philosophical Investigations" (IV) written by Shigeki Noya Chapter 3-3 For example, John Locke advocated a concept that could be called "the theory of general ideas." Although Wittgenstein does not mention Locke by name, the idea he proposes is exactly what *Philosophical Investigations* is trying to discard. If it were Locke, he would say that examples are auxiliary means for forming general ideas. So, for a moment, let me explain Locke's theory of general ideas. Locke argues that the meaning of common nouns representing general things is general ideas. For example, the meaning of the word "dog" is considered to be the general idea of a dog. Let's quote Locke's own words. Words become general by being considered as symbols of general ideas. And ideas become general by separating them from the specific circumstances of time and place, as well as from other various ideas that would otherwise connect them. Through this method of abstraction, ideas can represent one or more individuals, and each individual (such as what we call "dogs or cherry blossoms") is considered to belong to its kind solely because it corresponds to this abstract idea. (*An Essay Concerning Human Understanding*, III. iii. 6) (Continue to next paragraph)
Buridan's donkey is a philosophical thought experiment named after the 14th-century French philosopher Jean Buridan. The scenario illustrates a paradox in decision-making involving a hypothetical donkey placed exactly midway between two identical piles of hay. The donkey, unable to find a reason to choose one pile over the other, is paralyzed by indecision and, according to the paradox, starves to death. The thought experiment highlights questions about free will, determinism, and rational choice. It suggests that in some situations, even rational agents can become immobilized by indecision when faced with equally attractive options and no distinguishing criteria for making a choice.
The essay "On Truth and Lie in an Extra-Moral Sense" by #FriedrichNietzsche explores the nature of human intellect and truth. #Nietzsche paints a vivid picture of a distant star where clever animals invent knowledge, highlighting the fleeting and arbitrary nature of human intellect in the grand scheme of the universe. He critiques human intellect as wretched, shadowy, and aimless, asserting that it holds no intrinsic value beyond human life. Nietzsche suggests that human intellect primarily serves as a means for self-preservation through simulation and deception, rather than a pursuit of pure truth. He questions the origins of truth and argues that truth is ultimately a collection of human relations enhanced and embellished over time, culminating in illusions that are mistaken for reality. Through vivid imagery and philosophical inquiry, Nietzsche challenges conventional notions of truth and invites readers to reconsider the nature of knowledge and existence.
