Single umbilical artery.

The umbilical cord connects your baby to your placenta. In most babies, the cord has three blood vessels. There's one vein and two arteries. But sometimes the cord has one vein and just one artery. In that case, it's called a single umbilical artery.

I did a research back in 1982 and found that 67% of the time that the left umbilical artery was missing, 6.7% of high risk of congenital malformation. It can affect the renal about 6,5%, cardiovascular 6.3% , musculoskeletal 5.5% , digestion track 4% ,we see them in trisomy 18., and 13.

and trisomy 22. wrongly known trisomy 21/ down's syndrome - as down syndrome in fact is trisomy 22 and not 21.

Because the public knows that downs is trisomy 21 , so the medical committee kept it that way. and forgot trisomy 22.

The risk increases about 5% in twin pregnancies, and with no significant differences in neonatal mortality, some biometrics are found to be slightly smaller, and the placenta size usually 18 to 20% smaller. Amazingly most fetuses adapt well to feed the body and brain by increasing the blood flow. The female babies having higher umbilical cord ndex than male babies, I found that the single umbilical artery found is slightly more in female fetuses than male.

Also in my research I found that the single umbilical artery has a slightly higher number of placental locations to the left side.

Occasionally, there is a single umbilical artery (SUA) Vasa previa present in the umbilical cord , as opposed to the usual two.This is sometimes also called a two-vessel umbilical cord, or two-vessel cord. Approximately, this affects between 1 in 100 and 1 in 500 pregnancies, making it the most common umbilical abnormality. Its cause usually genetics , uses of drugs during pregnancies, among other factors.

Most cords have one vein and two arteries. The vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the baby and the arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the baby to the placenta . In approximately 1% of pregnancies there are only two vessels usually a single vein and single artery. In about 75% of those cases, the baby is entirely normal and healthy.

One artery can support a pregnancy and does not necessarily indicate problems. For the other 25%, a 2-vessel cord is a sign that the baby has other abnormalities—sometimes life-threatening and sometimes not.

Doctors often suggest parents take the added precaution of having regular growth scans near term to rule out IUGR ( INTRA UTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION) , which can happen on occasion and warrant intervention.

Yet the majority of growth restricted infants with the abnormality also have other defects. Finally, neonates with the finding may also have a higher occurrence of renal problems, therefore close examination of the infant may be warranted shortly after birth. Among SUA infant. In my research of the placental location with correaltion of fetal gender I wrote extwnsivley about this subject.

Steve Ramsey, PhD. Alberta- Canada.

Thank you.