Biology / Biochemistry

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?
Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands secrete substances into organs or the surface of the body. Learn more…
READ MORE
Acute vs. chronic conditions: Differences explained
Acute and chronic conditions differ in their onset, duration, treatment, and other factors. Learn more about these differences here.
READ MORE
Lipids: Examples, function, and associated conditions
Lipids are fatty compounds that perform various functions throughout the body. Learn more here.
READ MORE
What is the mesentery?
The mesentery is the organ to which all digestive organs in the abdomen attach. Diseases affecting the mesentery can either be primary or secondary…
READ MORE
New molecule may reduce brain inflammation in Alzheimer's
A molecule called 'A11' successfully targets a key neuroinflammation driver, improving cognitive function in mouse models.
READ MORE
What is an autopsy?
An autopsy or post-mortem examination is the process of examining a body after death. An autopsy aims to determine the cause of death. Learn more here.
READ MORE
What to know about necroptosis activation in multiple sclerosis (MS)
Necroptosis is the process in which cells undergo a specific type of programmed cell death. In multiple sclerosis, the molecule TNFα can activate…
READ MORE
What you need to know about CVST with thrombocytopenia
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) with thrombocytopenia is a rare disease. Learn more about the condition here.
READ MORE
What is hyperammonemia? Everything to know
Learn about the symptoms and causes of hyperammonemia. This article also discusses treatment options, risk factors, diagnosis, and more.
READ MORE
What does the mouth do in the digestive system?
The mouth is where digestion begins, and it breaks down food into smaller particles. Read more about the functions and biological structure of the…
READ MORE
Peripheral neuropathy and COVID vaccine: What is the connection?
Rarely, the COVID vaccine may lead to neuropathy symptoms. Learn more about the connection here.
READ MORE
How do mouse studies relate to human health?
What are murine studies and why do scientists use them? Read on to learn more about these studies and their relevance to human health.
READ MORE
Hegar's sign: What can it indicate?
Hegar's sign is an early sign of pregnancy involving softening of the cervix. Doctors can check for the sign using a pelvic exam, but this is an…
READ MORE
Why might testing negative for HIV still be scary
Someone initially testing negative for HIV may still be scared while waiting for confirmation. They are experiencing a natural reaction to the…
READ MORE
Gene vs. chromosome: What is the difference?
Both genes and chromosomes are types of genetic material that consist of DNA, but they have some key differences. Learn more here.
READ MORE
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test: Uses and results
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) tests detect tissue damage inside the body. Doctors can use LDH tests to diagnose a range of conditions.
READ MORE
What to know about biohacking
Biohacking, human augmentation, and human enhancement are terms used to describe do-it-yourself biology. Types of biohacking include efforts to…
READ MORE
What is the function of hydroxyapatite in bone?
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a mineral found in human bones and teeth. It plays a role in the structural strength of bone and in bone regeneration.
READ MORE
What are sickle cell blood cells?
Sickle cells are stiff, inflexible red blood cells that can get stuck in blood vessels, leading to health complications. Learn how they differ from…
READ MORE
Sickle cells vs. healthy red blood cells: What to know
How do sickle cells differ from healthy red blood cells? Learn why sickle cells are different, how this affects their function, and why it results in…
READ MORE
What is the difference between unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons?
Unipolar, multipolar, and bipolar neurons are all types of nerve cells, but they have different components and structures. Learn about how they…
READ MORE
What to know about the fundus of the stomach
The fundus is the part of the stomach that stores gas from digestion. Learn more about the fundus, as well as the anatomy and common conditions of the…
READ MORE
What is the chemical structure of cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a hard, waxy substance consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Learn more.
READ MORE
How long does it take for liver biopsy results to come back?
Liver biopsy results typically come back within 1–2 days, but they can take longer. Learn about the possible reasons for a delay and how to manage…
READ MORE
What to know about artificial liver support systems
Artificial liver support systems act as a bridge treatment for people with liver diseases until they recover or receive a transplant. Learn more here.
READ MORE
Is cholesterol a type of lipid?
Cholesterol is a lipoprotein, which means that it is part lipid and part protein. It plays an important role in several bodily functions, but too much…
READ MORE
What is oxalic acid (oxalate), and is it dangerous?
Oxalic acid, or oxalate, is a compound in many plant foods. In large quantities, it can inhibit the absorption of some nutrients. Learn more.
READ MORE
What to know about the integumentary system
The integumentary system is an important organ system in the human body, comprising of the skin, hair, nails, and glands that produce sweat and oil…
READ MORE
What to know about BRAF mutations and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Mutations in the BRAF gene are present in several cancers, including NSCLC. Read on to learn more about BRAF mutations and NSCLC, including treatment…
READ MORE
What happens when you stop taking a biologic treatment for psoriatic arthritis?
Sometimes, a person taking biologics for psoriatic arthritis may consider stopping treatment. Learn more about the reasons why and what happens.
READ MORE
What to know about hypoxia
Hypoxia refers to tissues or cells having too little oxygen to function correctly. Learn more here.
READ MORE
Is narcolepsy a genetic condition?
There is no evidence of a single gene that causes narcolepsy. However, certain genes may increase the risk of developing the condition. Learn more.
READ MORE
The effects of opioids on the brain
Opioids affect the brain in several ways, causing euphoria, reduced pain, and suppressed breathing. Learn more.
READ MORE
What to know about antigen tests
Antigen tests can identify antigens present in the body, which cause immune responses such as the release of antibodies. Learn more.
READ MORE
What to know about biologics for ankylosing spondylitis
Biologics are drugs made of complex molecules from biological sources, which research shows can improve ankylosing spondylitis symptoms. Learn more.
READ MORE
Does HBOT promote the healing of diabetic foot ulcers?
Is hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) an effective treatment option for diabetic foot ulcers? Learn more about HBOT, including how it may help promote…
READ MORE
What to know about metabolic disorders and bad breath
Metabolic disorders disrupt natural chemical reactions, such as amino acid breakdown. As a result, they may cause bad breath. Learn more.
READ MORE
Hypothyroidism and metabolic disorders: What you need to know
Learn about metabolic disorders and hypothyroidism and find out whether hypothyroidism is a type of metabolic disorder.
READ MORE
The biggest causes of death in 2020
In the United States, the top three causes of death in 2020 were heart disease, cancer, and COVID-19. Learn more.
READ MORE
What to know about microalbuminuria and diabetic nephropathy
Microalbuminuria is an abnormally high amount of albumin in the urine. Learn more about what protein in the urine may suggest.
READ MORE

Biology / Biochemistry

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Acute vs. chronic conditions: Differences explained

Lipids: Examples, function, and associated conditions

What is the mesentery?

New molecule may reduce brain inflammation in Alzheimer's

What is an autopsy?

What to know about necroptosis activation in multiple sclerosis (MS)

What you need to know about CVST with thrombocytopenia

What is hyperammonemia? Everything to know

What does the mouth do in the digestive system?

Peripheral neuropathy and COVID vaccine: What is the connection?

How do mouse studies relate to human health?

Hegar's sign: What can it indicate?

Why might testing negative for HIV still be scary

Gene vs. chromosome: What is the difference?

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test: Uses and results

What to know about biohacking

What is the function of hydroxyapatite in bone?

What are sickle cell blood cells?

Sickle cells vs. healthy red blood cells: What to know

What is the difference between unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons?

What to know about the fundus of the stomach

What is the chemical structure of cholesterol?

How long does it take for liver biopsy results to come back?

What to know about artificial liver support systems

Is cholesterol a type of lipid?

What is oxalic acid (oxalate), and is it dangerous?

What to know about the integumentary system

What to know about BRAF mutations and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

What happens when you stop taking a biologic treatment for psoriatic arthritis?

What to know about hypoxia

Is narcolepsy a genetic condition?

The effects of opioids on the brain

What to know about antigen tests

What to know about biologics for ankylosing spondylitis

Does HBOT promote the healing of diabetic foot ulcers?

What to know about metabolic disorders and bad breath

Hypothyroidism and metabolic disorders: What you need to know

The biggest causes of death in 2020

What to know about microalbuminuria and diabetic nephropathy