Online Counselling for Abbotsford

Photo of Jas Hundal, RCC, RCSW, MSW, BSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jas Hundal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, RCC, RCSW, MSW, BSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2S
I remember my first experience with a counselor…I was 16, nervous, unaware of the process and unsure if I would be understood due to my cultural differences. My upbringing, social influences, and experiences as the eldest daughter of immigrant parents have shaped my approach as a counsellor. I believe that a counselor is a guide in a clients journey of healing and self-awareness. My practice is rooted in a holistic approach and I utilize techniques that integrate physical, mental, social, emotional and spiritual health. I am a Registered Clinical Social Worker and Registered Clinical Counsellor. I fluently speak Punjabi & English.
I remember my first experience with a counselor…I was 16, nervous, unaware of the process and unsure if I would be understood due to my cultural differences. My upbringing, social influences, and experiences as the eldest daughter of immigrant parents have shaped my approach as a counsellor. I believe that a counselor is a guide in a clients journey of healing and self-awareness. My practice is rooted in a holistic approach and I utilize techniques that integrate physical, mental, social, emotional and spiritual health. I am a Registered Clinical Social Worker and Registered Clinical Counsellor. I fluently speak Punjabi & English.
(778) 767-2189 View (778) 767-2189
Photo of Haide A Wall Giesbrecht, MA, RCC, Counsellor
Haide A Wall Giesbrecht
Counsellor, MA, RCC
Verified Verified
Abbotsford, BC V2S
Do you need a safe place to talk about the stresses of life? Do you feel overwhelmed and uncertain about where to turn? I love to be an encourager and to walk alongside people through life's challenges. The values that most influence my sessions are authenticity, safety, and emotional health. I seek to be authentically me both in counselling sessions and in the community. It is important to me that my clients feel safe, secure and valued. I want to help clients find ways to care for themselves and grow to become the people they desire to be. I care deeply about and enjoy seeing positive change in my clients.
Do you need a safe place to talk about the stresses of life? Do you feel overwhelmed and uncertain about where to turn? I love to be an encourager and to walk alongside people through life's challenges. The values that most influence my sessions are authenticity, safety, and emotional health. I seek to be authentically me both in counselling sessions and in the community. It is important to me that my clients feel safe, secure and valued. I want to help clients find ways to care for themselves and grow to become the people they desire to be. I care deeply about and enjoy seeing positive change in my clients.
(226) 909-7084 View (226) 909-7084
Photo of Colleen Vantol, MACP, RCC, Counsellor
Colleen Vantol
Counsellor, MACP, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2S
At times, we all wonder if our present day realities are aligned with our intended paths. Was it the right time? The right job? The right relationship? Is this as good as it gets? Am I happy? Am I fulfilled? If you experience anxiety, depression, confusion or simply feel alone, counselling can offer opportunities for a deeper sense of connection to yourself, your relationships and your life. I am here to walk alongside of you, to listen to your goals, desires and needs. Whether it is sharing long kept secrets, traumas or personal revelations I am here to connect with you.
At times, we all wonder if our present day realities are aligned with our intended paths. Was it the right time? The right job? The right relationship? Is this as good as it gets? Am I happy? Am I fulfilled? If you experience anxiety, depression, confusion or simply feel alone, counselling can offer opportunities for a deeper sense of connection to yourself, your relationships and your life. I am here to walk alongside of you, to listen to your goals, desires and needs. Whether it is sharing long kept secrets, traumas or personal revelations I am here to connect with you.
(587) 809-2820 View (587) 809-2820
Photo of Anabelle Mendoza - Inspiring Change Counselling, RTC, Counsellor
Inspiring Change Counselling
Counsellor, RTC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2S
I am an Abbotsford, BC based private practice that offers online and in person counselling sessions with a focus on helping individuals navigate change within themselves and in relationships.
Feeling stuck in a rut, unsure of your next move? Change is inevitable, often accompanied by fear and grief, steering our choices. Learning to navigate through it is crucial for finding harmony. Eventually, everyone encounters a crisis, whether internal or relational. Would finding a path to personal harmony matter to you?
I am an Abbotsford, BC based private practice that offers online and in person counselling sessions with a focus on helping individuals navigate change within themselves and in relationships.
Feeling stuck in a rut, unsure of your next move? Change is inevitable, often accompanied by fear and grief, steering our choices. Learning to navigate through it is crucial for finding harmony. Eventually, everyone encounters a crisis, whether internal or relational. Would finding a path to personal harmony matter to you?
(604) 332-7339 View (604) 332-7339
Photo of Tammy (Tam) Schultz, MA, RCC, Counsellor
Tammy (Tam) Schultz
Counsellor, MA, RCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V3G
As a registered clinical counsellor, I consider it a privilege and honour to walk alongside my clients on their path toward their personal goals of healing and health. I provide a non-judgmental, collaborative, and compassionate approach to therapy that allows my clients to express their personal story in a supportive environment. I believe that each person is on a journey that can be accentuated by looking forward with hope. It is my goal to help my clients incorporate hope in their experiences. As a Christian, I am sensitive to my clients faith needs through their healing journey.
As a registered clinical counsellor, I consider it a privilege and honour to walk alongside my clients on their path toward their personal goals of healing and health. I provide a non-judgmental, collaborative, and compassionate approach to therapy that allows my clients to express their personal story in a supportive environment. I believe that each person is on a journey that can be accentuated by looking forward with hope. It is my goal to help my clients incorporate hope in their experiences. As a Christian, I am sensitive to my clients faith needs through their healing journey.
(778) 400-7705 View (778) 400-7705
Photo of Lorne E Pierce, MA, RPsych, Psychologist
Lorne E Pierce
Psychologist, MA, RPsych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2T
I am interested in helping individuals and couples to set and achieve goals that can assist them to make changes in their lives. Change can be a difficult process, but also one that can be very rewarding and fulfilling. Whether you are suffering from depression, relationship problems, grief, anxiety, trauma, stress, or emotional/behavioural issues, talking about your difficulties in an atmosphere of safety and encouragement can help. I want to encourage meaning and purpose in your life while being sensitive to your religious or cultural orientation.
I am interested in helping individuals and couples to set and achieve goals that can assist them to make changes in their lives. Change can be a difficult process, but also one that can be very rewarding and fulfilling. Whether you are suffering from depression, relationship problems, grief, anxiety, trauma, stress, or emotional/behavioural issues, talking about your difficulties in an atmosphere of safety and encouragement can help. I want to encourage meaning and purpose in your life while being sensitive to your religious or cultural orientation.
(866) 327-0980 View (866) 327-0980
Photo of Shannon Lawrence, RPC-C, Counsellor
Shannon Lawrence
Counsellor, RPC-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V4X
Are you feeling stuck at a crossroads, unsure of the right direction for yourself or your family? I’m here to support you in navigating life’s challenges, whether you’re seeking personal growth for yourself, guidance for your child, or both. For adults, particularly those dealing with trauma, PTSD, anxiety, or anger, I offer a compassionate approach to help you develop coping strategies, regain control, and move toward a more peaceful state of mind. Life’s challenges can feel overwhelming, but with the right support, you can build resilience and find calm amidst the chaos. Whether you're dealing with a recent separation, divorce,
Are you feeling stuck at a crossroads, unsure of the right direction for yourself or your family? I’m here to support you in navigating life’s challenges, whether you’re seeking personal growth for yourself, guidance for your child, or both. For adults, particularly those dealing with trauma, PTSD, anxiety, or anger, I offer a compassionate approach to help you develop coping strategies, regain control, and move toward a more peaceful state of mind. Life’s challenges can feel overwhelming, but with the right support, you can build resilience and find calm amidst the chaos. Whether you're dealing with a recent separation, divorce,
(778) 766-4548 View (778) 766-4548
Photo of Kara Phelan, MAMFT, RCC, Counsellor
Kara Phelan
Counsellor, MAMFT, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2T
I understand that at times of struggle it can sometimes be difficult to know where to go, or who to talk to, and yet finding a therapist that feels like the best fit for you is so important. I work with clients who are struggling to show up as their authentic selves in areas of their lives. Together we'll discover who you are and where you want to be, as well as what's getting in the way. If you are currently dealing with relational difficulties, life transitions, self-doubt, anxiety, trauma impacts, spiritual formation issues, or just need somewhere safe to process, it would be my sincerest privilege to join you where you are.
I understand that at times of struggle it can sometimes be difficult to know where to go, or who to talk to, and yet finding a therapist that feels like the best fit for you is so important. I work with clients who are struggling to show up as their authentic selves in areas of their lives. Together we'll discover who you are and where you want to be, as well as what's getting in the way. If you are currently dealing with relational difficulties, life transitions, self-doubt, anxiety, trauma impacts, spiritual formation issues, or just need somewhere safe to process, it would be my sincerest privilege to join you where you are.
(236) 904-0172 View (236) 904-0172
Photo of Julie Warkentin, MACP, CPC, RCC, Counsellor
Julie Warkentin
Counsellor, MACP, CPC, RCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2S
Waitlist for new clients
There are many differing messages of who to be and it can be easy to lose connection to the truth of who we are. We are continually shaped and impacted by relationships, life experiences, trauma, and our worldviews. As well, our own mental health can rob us from living authentically. As a therapist, I value the unique identity and experience of each person I work with, welcoming individuals of diverse backgrounds, identities, cultures, and spiritual orientations. It is my desire that you experience a warm, supportive therapeutic relationship with me where you're encouraged to be the truest expression of yourself.
There are many differing messages of who to be and it can be easy to lose connection to the truth of who we are. We are continually shaped and impacted by relationships, life experiences, trauma, and our worldviews. As well, our own mental health can rob us from living authentically. As a therapist, I value the unique identity and experience of each person I work with, welcoming individuals of diverse backgrounds, identities, cultures, and spiritual orientations. It is my desire that you experience a warm, supportive therapeutic relationship with me where you're encouraged to be the truest expression of yourself.
(581) 333-4598 View (581) 333-4598
Photo of Katie Johnson, MSW, RSW, RCC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katie Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, RSW, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2S
I believe that each person is capable of healing and producing growth and transformation in their life. People continually overcome difficult experiences in life and are able to accomplish more than they can imagine. I will journey alongside you through the highs and lows as you work through challenges and take steps toward change. You can expect genuineness, compassion, empathy, and laughter throughout this process. My approach to counselling does not involve telling you what to do but is rather about partnering with you to discover and bring about the growth and new direction you long for.
I believe that each person is capable of healing and producing growth and transformation in their life. People continually overcome difficult experiences in life and are able to accomplish more than they can imagine. I will journey alongside you through the highs and lows as you work through challenges and take steps toward change. You can expect genuineness, compassion, empathy, and laughter throughout this process. My approach to counselling does not involve telling you what to do but is rather about partnering with you to discover and bring about the growth and new direction you long for.
(506) 704-5215 View (506) 704-5215
Photo of Veronica Chase, RPC, CCPCP, Counsellor
Veronica Chase
Counsellor, RPC, CCPCP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2S  (Online Only)
Whether you're navigating unconventional relationship dynamics or facing personal transitions, my compassionate and non-judgmental approach creates a safe space for exploration and growth. Together, we'll delve into your current situation, identify the origins of your challenges, and chart a course toward a fulfilling future with clear, actionable steps. Are you feeling stuck, transitioning out of a relationship, or seeking to enhance your current one? Let's embark on a journey of change and growth. With a specialization in relationship dynamics and trauma, I am committed to helping individuals thrive. FREE 15-minute Discovery Call
Whether you're navigating unconventional relationship dynamics or facing personal transitions, my compassionate and non-judgmental approach creates a safe space for exploration and growth. Together, we'll delve into your current situation, identify the origins of your challenges, and chart a course toward a fulfilling future with clear, actionable steps. Are you feeling stuck, transitioning out of a relationship, or seeking to enhance your current one? Let's embark on a journey of change and growth. With a specialization in relationship dynamics and trauma, I am committed to helping individuals thrive. FREE 15-minute Discovery Call
(778) 767-0978 View (778) 767-0978
Photo of Justine Russo, RCC, Counsellor
Justine Russo
Counsellor, RCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2T
I am passionate about working with anyone who is experiencing challenges with parenthood, ADHD, anxiety or past trauma. I work with clients to help them feel lighter, more regulated, and more in control of their lives. This is your space and your time and I am here to help by providing a judgement free space and tools you can implement into your life between counselling sessions.
I am passionate about working with anyone who is experiencing challenges with parenthood, ADHD, anxiety or past trauma. I work with clients to help them feel lighter, more regulated, and more in control of their lives. This is your space and your time and I am here to help by providing a judgement free space and tools you can implement into your life between counselling sessions.
(236) 260-5800 View (236) 260-5800
Photo of Nat Keeling, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Nat Keeling
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2S  (Online Only)
Do you feel overwhelmed, misunderstood, and struggling to connect? Have you been labelled “difficult” or “too sensitive” by others? I’ve been there. I work with autistic and AuDHD adults to help you feel heard. As a neurodivergent person myself, I understand the challenges of forming and keeping relationships, managing our sensitive nervous systems, and dealing with meltdowns/shutdowns. My neurodiversity-centered, compassion-focused, approach grounded in Internal Family Systems Therapy (IFS) and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) meets you where you are, supporting your self-discovery journey.
Do you feel overwhelmed, misunderstood, and struggling to connect? Have you been labelled “difficult” or “too sensitive” by others? I’ve been there. I work with autistic and AuDHD adults to help you feel heard. As a neurodivergent person myself, I understand the challenges of forming and keeping relationships, managing our sensitive nervous systems, and dealing with meltdowns/shutdowns. My neurodiversity-centered, compassion-focused, approach grounded in Internal Family Systems Therapy (IFS) and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) meets you where you are, supporting your self-discovery journey.
(604) 803-9051 View (604) 803-9051
Photo of Chris Barber, MA, RCC, Counsellor
Chris Barber
Counsellor, MA, RCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2T
Living an examined life is not easy but the journey of understanding oneself is incredibly rewarding. If you find yourself repeating unhelpful patterns or struggling to work through emotions, then you've come to the right person. Perhaps you've experienced trauma or difficult relationships, or maybe you are looking for more out of your life and can't seem to find your way. Whether you're navigating personal relationships, learning to love yourself more fully, or trying to make sense of your own mental health, I can help. "Troubled? Then stay with me, for I am not." - Hafez
Living an examined life is not easy but the journey of understanding oneself is incredibly rewarding. If you find yourself repeating unhelpful patterns or struggling to work through emotions, then you've come to the right person. Perhaps you've experienced trauma or difficult relationships, or maybe you are looking for more out of your life and can't seem to find your way. Whether you're navigating personal relationships, learning to love yourself more fully, or trying to make sense of your own mental health, I can help. "Troubled? Then stay with me, for I am not." - Hafez
(226) 840-6674 View (226) 840-6674
Photo of Cara Tull, RCC, MACP, Counsellor
Cara Tull
Counsellor, RCC, MACP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2S
I work with individuals in-person in Abbotsford BC, and virtually for those in all of BC. If you are someone who is experiencing anxiety, depression, difficulties with life changes, self-worth, relationships, emotion regulation, personal development, or setting boundaries, counselling may be a helpful resource for you. I work specifically with female and LGBTQIA+ community youth ages 17+ and female adults in individual therapy. You can expect a person-centered approach in counselling sessions with me, which means there is an understanding that you are the expert of your own experience and we can work together to find a path forward.
I work with individuals in-person in Abbotsford BC, and virtually for those in all of BC. If you are someone who is experiencing anxiety, depression, difficulties with life changes, self-worth, relationships, emotion regulation, personal development, or setting boundaries, counselling may be a helpful resource for you. I work specifically with female and LGBTQIA+ community youth ages 17+ and female adults in individual therapy. You can expect a person-centered approach in counselling sessions with me, which means there is an understanding that you are the expert of your own experience and we can work together to find a path forward.
(587) 815-4834 View (587) 815-4834
Photo of Kadie Lawson, BA, MEd, RCC, Counsellor
Kadie Lawson
Counsellor, BA, MEd, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2T  (Online Only)
I specialize in the healing, empowering and recovery for women. Much of my practice involves the support of women who are navigating past/present trauma, facing intimate partner violence and are striving to cultivate a healthy relationship within themselves. I also work closely with women who are suffering from anxiety, depression, self esteem and emotional expression. I have supported younger populations as a former public school educator and counsellor. If you wish to feel more empowered, self-compassionate, and grounded in yourself and your ability to express your needs, I am here to support you in reaching your goals.
I specialize in the healing, empowering and recovery for women. Much of my practice involves the support of women who are navigating past/present trauma, facing intimate partner violence and are striving to cultivate a healthy relationship within themselves. I also work closely with women who are suffering from anxiety, depression, self esteem and emotional expression. I have supported younger populations as a former public school educator and counsellor. If you wish to feel more empowered, self-compassionate, and grounded in yourself and your ability to express your needs, I am here to support you in reaching your goals.
(819) 410-9268 View (819) 410-9268
Photo of Brandi Matheson, RTC, MBSR, MHW, Counsellor
Brandi Matheson
Counsellor, RTC, MBSR, MHW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2T
Hello dear friend. Thank you for taking the time to ponder my profile page. I trust taking this step was not easy but you did it. Way to go! Now for the next part of your journey ... Let's talk about being human. It’s a wild ride, isn’t it? Every moment is a dance with our inner and outer world. We have thoughts, emotions, and sensations constantly arising and passing away. We face challenges, make mistakes, lose people we love, and experience victories. In the midst of all this chaos, we often forget to pause and truly understand our human experience. But that's where mindfulness, wisdom and compassion comes in.
Hello dear friend. Thank you for taking the time to ponder my profile page. I trust taking this step was not easy but you did it. Way to go! Now for the next part of your journey ... Let's talk about being human. It’s a wild ride, isn’t it? Every moment is a dance with our inner and outer world. We have thoughts, emotions, and sensations constantly arising and passing away. We face challenges, make mistakes, lose people we love, and experience victories. In the midst of all this chaos, we often forget to pause and truly understand our human experience. But that's where mindfulness, wisdom and compassion comes in.
(778) 653-8318 View (778) 653-8318
Photo of Iosif Oros, BA, MC, RCC, Counsellor
Iosif Oros
Counsellor, BA, MC, RCC
Verified Verified
Abbotsford, BC V2S
I am a counsellor with a lot of experience in helping many different people, both in person and online.
As a counsellor, I am dedicated to empowering my clients to recognize and utilize their inner strengths and help them develop effective coping strategies. Through this process, individuals can gain a deeper insight into themselves and their experiences, leading to personal growth and positive change. This means that my counselling is not just about addressing immediate issues but about fostering long-term personal growth and positive change
I am a counsellor with a lot of experience in helping many different people, both in person and online.
As a counsellor, I am dedicated to empowering my clients to recognize and utilize their inner strengths and help them develop effective coping strategies. Through this process, individuals can gain a deeper insight into themselves and their experiences, leading to personal growth and positive change. This means that my counselling is not just about addressing immediate issues but about fostering long-term personal growth and positive change
(807) 809-9967 View (807) 809-9967
Photo of Colleen Moffitt - Colleen Moffitt Counselling, MEd, RCC, Counsellor
Colleen Moffitt Counselling
Counsellor, MEd, RCC
Verified Verified
Abbotsford, BC V2T
Life's journey is filled with twists, turns and challenges that can leave us feeling overwhelmed, confused or stuck. I am dedicated to providing a safe and nurturing space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences without judgment and at your own pace. ​ Whether you're facing issues related to anxiety, stress, depression, grief or loss, self-esteem, relationships, life transitions, or seeking personal development, I am here to help you navigate and support you on your path to healing and personal growth. Together we will work to uncover your strengths and empower you to create meaningful change in your life.
Life's journey is filled with twists, turns and challenges that can leave us feeling overwhelmed, confused or stuck. I am dedicated to providing a safe and nurturing space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences without judgment and at your own pace. ​ Whether you're facing issues related to anxiety, stress, depression, grief or loss, self-esteem, relationships, life transitions, or seeking personal development, I am here to help you navigate and support you on your path to healing and personal growth. Together we will work to uncover your strengths and empower you to create meaningful change in your life.
(249) 487-0614 View (249) 487-0614
Photo of Whitney Regan, MA, RCC, Counsellor
Whitney Regan
Counsellor, MA, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Abbotsford, BC V2T
My hope is to make you feel safe & connected as we work together. I recognize that coming to counselling isn't always an easy step, so I want to make the process as comfortable as possible. I believe people are wired for healing... the fact that you're here is proof of that. My aim is to help you explore the ways your past (experiences & relationships) has impacted the challenges you're facing in the present. Maybe you're suffering from anxiety, depression, or struggling with relationships. Perhaps there's a big transition or loss in your life. Maybe you feel like it's hard to make a change, but you know you need to.
My hope is to make you feel safe & connected as we work together. I recognize that coming to counselling isn't always an easy step, so I want to make the process as comfortable as possible. I believe people are wired for healing... the fact that you're here is proof of that. My aim is to help you explore the ways your past (experiences & relationships) has impacted the challenges you're facing in the present. Maybe you're suffering from anxiety, depression, or struggling with relationships. Perhaps there's a big transition or loss in your life. Maybe you feel like it's hard to make a change, but you know you need to.
(778) 718-5429 View (778) 718-5429

See more therapy options for Abbotsford

Online Counsellors

Is online therapy as effective as in-person?

Numerous studies suggest that online therapy can be as effective as in-person therapy. However, further research is needed to determine if online therapy provides the same benefits across all client populations. Individuals with severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, or those who may benefit from in-person check-ins, like those with eating disorders, may not experience the same level of benefit from online therapy. Nonetheless, the success of online therapy, much like in-person therapy, often hinges on the quality of the therapeutic relationship between the therapist and the client rather than the specific modality of therapy used.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of therapy conducted online?

One of the main advantages of online therapy is its convenience for both clients and therapists. It also allows clients who require specialised therapy to access a wider range of professionals than they could with only in-person sessions. Additionally, online therapy may be a more affordable option in some cases and often offers the same insurance benefits as in-person therapy. However, online therapy may not be suitable for everyone, especially those who value face-to-face interaction with a therapist. Therapists may find it more challenging to assess clients accurately in an online setting due to reduced nonverbal cues on camera. There is also the increased risk that disruptions caused by external factors, such as technology malfunctions, can hinder the therapy session. For these reasons, many therapists offer a "hybrid" therapeutic approach, alternating between seeing clients in-person and online.

Is online therapy suitable for children and adolescents?

Just like with adults, the accessibility and convenience of online therapy can greatly benefit children and adolescents. In fact, children and adolescents may be more accustomed to navigating online platforms than older adults, making online sessions feel more natural for them. Teens might also be interested in using additional online tools, such as therapist-recommended apps, as an adjunct to online therapy sessions. Apps for developing CBT skills, practicing mindfulness exercises, or tracking thoughts and moods can be helpful for teens receiving therapy. However, it's important to note that not all therapeutic modalities are well-suited to online therapy, especially those used with younger children. For example, play therapy, which helps younger children express their emotions, often requires in-person sessions to be fully effective.

Can I receive prescriptions and medication management with online therapy?

The ability for psychiatrists to prescribe medications through online therapy varies based on the medication and the states where the medical professional and client are located. While many prescribing regulations were relaxed during the COVID-19 pandemic, some states still enforce rules, especially concerning controlled substances, which may mandate an in-person visit before prescribing. Generally, however, medical professionals can prescribe non-controlled substances through online therapy sessions just as they do during in-person sessions.



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