Counselling in South Queensferry

Photo of David Sanmartino, MSc, GMBPsS, Counsellor
David Sanmartino
Counsellor, MSc, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
South Queensferry EH30
I promote a deep transformation by encouraging a positive outlook and the adoption of new attitudes and reactions. I have the tools and professional expertise and experience to help you explore whatever is important to you, in a respectful, non-judgemental and open way. In my sessions, I use a positive, holistic and integrative approach to take care of my clients and I work diligently to help find them the answers they seek. Since 2015 I have worked with a wide diversity of clients to deal with the many different circumstances that are unique to their lives.
I promote a deep transformation by encouraging a positive outlook and the adoption of new attitudes and reactions. I have the tools and professional expertise and experience to help you explore whatever is important to you, in a respectful, non-judgemental and open way. In my sessions, I use a positive, holistic and integrative approach to take care of my clients and I work diligently to help find them the answers they seek. Since 2015 I have worked with a wide diversity of clients to deal with the many different circumstances that are unique to their lives.
0131 357 3853 View 0131 357 3853
Photo of Louisa Casselden, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Louisa Casselden
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
South Queensferry EH30
I provide a welcoming and therapeutic environment for adults and young people over the age of 16 who are struggling with a range of mental health difficulties, to help them explore and make sense of the experiences they have had. Through the use of evidence-based psychological therapy I aim to work collaboratively with people to improve their daily functioning and help them build skills to live the life they want to achieve. I use a number of therapeutic approaches in my work including Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Compassion Focussed Therapy and systemic approaches.
I provide a welcoming and therapeutic environment for adults and young people over the age of 16 who are struggling with a range of mental health difficulties, to help them explore and make sense of the experiences they have had. Through the use of evidence-based psychological therapy I aim to work collaboratively with people to improve their daily functioning and help them build skills to live the life they want to achieve. I use a number of therapeutic approaches in my work including Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Compassion Focussed Therapy and systemic approaches.
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Photo of Sam Roger, MCOSCA, Counsellor
Sam Roger
Counsellor, MCOSCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
South Queensferry EH30
Life will often fill up with unexpected twists and turns - does this sometimes leave you feeling somewhat lost and unsure. Are you considering therapy as a way to navigate through these times? Have you thought of a different way of doing therapy? I am a walk and talk therapist, where therapy isn't just about talking. It's about taking a walk, experiencing the nature around you while delving into your thoughts and emotions. Picture this: instead of confining our conversations to four walls, we take them to the great outdoors with walk and talk therapy.
Life will often fill up with unexpected twists and turns - does this sometimes leave you feeling somewhat lost and unsure. Are you considering therapy as a way to navigate through these times? Have you thought of a different way of doing therapy? I am a walk and talk therapist, where therapy isn't just about talking. It's about taking a walk, experiencing the nature around you while delving into your thoughts and emotions. Picture this: instead of confining our conversations to four walls, we take them to the great outdoors with walk and talk therapy.
01383 669765 View 01383 669765
Photo of Louise McBride, PsychD, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Louise McBride
Psychotherapist, PsychD, MBACP
Verified Verified
South Queensferry EH30
Whatever your reasons for being here, you are very welcome. I provide a very safe and confidential space to people from ALL walks of life. Whatever difficulties you are experiencing I can help you to gain insight into why they exist and persist. Psychodynamic therapy helps you to bring that which is unconscious into conscious awareness which helps you to understand and resolve internal conflicts that cause suffering. These internal conflicts manifest as, for example, anxiety, depression and self-destructive behaviours, particularly in relationship with others. Psychodynamic therapy is effective in enabling life long change.
Whatever your reasons for being here, you are very welcome. I provide a very safe and confidential space to people from ALL walks of life. Whatever difficulties you are experiencing I can help you to gain insight into why they exist and persist. Psychodynamic therapy helps you to bring that which is unconscious into conscious awareness which helps you to understand and resolve internal conflicts that cause suffering. These internal conflicts manifest as, for example, anxiety, depression and self-destructive behaviours, particularly in relationship with others. Psychodynamic therapy is effective in enabling life long change.
0131 381 0828 View 0131 381 0828
Photo of Celeste Micciche, MSc, BACP, Psychotherapist
Celeste Micciche
Psychotherapist, MSc, BACP
Verified Verified
South Queensferry EH30
I am an Italian psychologist and psychotherapist based in Edinburgh and Whitburn, Bathgate. Given my training in these two areas, I work with various issues that may afflict you, such as depression, panic attacks, obsessive-compulsive disorders, relationship issues, etc. Also, I use an affirmative approach in my work. This means that I validate and support the needs of people of sexual and gender minorities, promoting the search and the expression of an authentic dimension of themselves and their own identity.
I am an Italian psychologist and psychotherapist based in Edinburgh and Whitburn, Bathgate. Given my training in these two areas, I work with various issues that may afflict you, such as depression, panic attacks, obsessive-compulsive disorders, relationship issues, etc. Also, I use an affirmative approach in my work. This means that I validate and support the needs of people of sexual and gender minorities, promoting the search and the expression of an authentic dimension of themselves and their own identity.
0141 673 8698 View 0141 673 8698
Photo of Angela Peterson, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Counsellor
Angela Peterson
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
South Queensferry EH30
I specialise in supporting adults who are feeling overwhelmed. Stress can happen with a sudden change such as bereavement, job loss or relationship ending. It can also build with an increase in responsibilities. There can be times when life is quiet, giving you time to remember difficult past events. These memories can be troubling and make everyday life difficult. Overwhelm can show up as anxiety, low mood, avoiding things you used to enjoy. Perhaps work is too much now, or you find you are drinking/eating more than usual. Your sleep pattern may have changed. Effective help is here now.
I specialise in supporting adults who are feeling overwhelmed. Stress can happen with a sudden change such as bereavement, job loss or relationship ending. It can also build with an increase in responsibilities. There can be times when life is quiet, giving you time to remember difficult past events. These memories can be troubling and make everyday life difficult. Overwhelm can show up as anxiety, low mood, avoiding things you used to enjoy. Perhaps work is too much now, or you find you are drinking/eating more than usual. Your sleep pattern may have changed. Effective help is here now.
01383 663228 View 01383 663228

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Isabel Martinez, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Isabel Martinez
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH1
I offer a safe space for clients who might be struggling with life situations or want to work on self awareness. My main interest as a therapist is to accompany my clients in a process of self discovery that inspires growth.
I offer a safe space for clients who might be struggling with life situations or want to work on self awareness. My main interest as a therapist is to accompany my clients in a process of self discovery that inspires growth.
01764 915910 View 01764 915910
Photo of Louise Duffy, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Louise Duffy
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH6
I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist with over 30 years experience of working with adults and with young people (12-18) and their families. I have tended to specialise in complex difficulties including self-harm, depression, stress and anxiety, eating disorders, trauma, problems with overwhelming emotions and difficulties in relationships. I have worked with many people with co-occurring autism and mental health difficulties and my work includes post diagnostic support. However I am open to working with any emotional or behavioural problems which are getting in the way of someone doing the things they want to in life.
I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist with over 30 years experience of working with adults and with young people (12-18) and their families. I have tended to specialise in complex difficulties including self-harm, depression, stress and anxiety, eating disorders, trauma, problems with overwhelming emotions and difficulties in relationships. I have worked with many people with co-occurring autism and mental health difficulties and my work includes post diagnostic support. However I am open to working with any emotional or behavioural problems which are getting in the way of someone doing the things they want to in life.
0131 381 5339 View 0131 381 5339
Photo of Siobhan Docherty - Vista Wellbeing - CBT Online, phone & Edinburgh, MBACP, Counsellor
Vista Wellbeing - CBT Online, phone & Edinburgh
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH3
Hi, I'm Siobhan, a CBT Therapist. I work clients in person in Edinburgh's West End, online or by phone. In our sessions you can expect me to be warm, empathetic, encouraging, non-judgemental and supportive. Clients have described me as friendly, with a calm and easy style. It's a privilege to provide a confidential safe space for people to open up and be heard. Change is always possible. I want to help you discover the tools inside yourself to see things from a new perspective and live a more empowered life. I will be with you every step of the journey to help you reach your goals of growth and change.
Hi, I'm Siobhan, a CBT Therapist. I work clients in person in Edinburgh's West End, online or by phone. In our sessions you can expect me to be warm, empathetic, encouraging, non-judgemental and supportive. Clients have described me as friendly, with a calm and easy style. It's a privilege to provide a confidential safe space for people to open up and be heard. Change is always possible. I want to help you discover the tools inside yourself to see things from a new perspective and live a more empowered life. I will be with you every step of the journey to help you reach your goals of growth and change.
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Photo of Ian Anderson, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Ian Anderson
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH1
I am a Chartered Psychologist registered with the HCPC with over 30 years of experience. I have worked in private practice with over two thousand patients and supervised more than 100 therapists. I am separately qualified in various fields of applied Psychology including Clinical Psychology, Forensic Psychology, Counselling Psychology and Occupational Psychology. I now deliver all my counselling and therapy by the following methods: video conferencing; telephone sessions; real-time online chat; and email. I believe that matching the right therapy delivered by the right therapist to an individual is the key to therapeutic success.
I am a Chartered Psychologist registered with the HCPC with over 30 years of experience. I have worked in private practice with over two thousand patients and supervised more than 100 therapists. I am separately qualified in various fields of applied Psychology including Clinical Psychology, Forensic Psychology, Counselling Psychology and Occupational Psychology. I now deliver all my counselling and therapy by the following methods: video conferencing; telephone sessions; real-time online chat; and email. I believe that matching the right therapy delivered by the right therapist to an individual is the key to therapeutic success.
020 3879 4351 View 020 3879 4351
Photo of Coralie Tauty, MBACP, Counsellor
Coralie Tauty
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH1  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
What if you could experience pleasurable sex without worries, pain, shame, or sexual function difficulties? What if you could be supported in healing from sexual trauma? What if you could set healthy boundaries and communicate your needs and preferences? What if you could explore, understand, and enjoy your sexuality, sexual orientation, gender identity, sexual desire, and eroticism? Perhaps you don’t know what’s wrong but you’re feeling anxious or confused about intimacy. Perhaps you've identified beliefs or past experiences that stop you from enjoying your sexuality. I invite you to get in touch with me for psychosexual therapy.
What if you could experience pleasurable sex without worries, pain, shame, or sexual function difficulties? What if you could be supported in healing from sexual trauma? What if you could set healthy boundaries and communicate your needs and preferences? What if you could explore, understand, and enjoy your sexuality, sexual orientation, gender identity, sexual desire, and eroticism? Perhaps you don’t know what’s wrong but you’re feeling anxious or confused about intimacy. Perhaps you've identified beliefs or past experiences that stop you from enjoying your sexuality. I invite you to get in touch with me for psychosexual therapy.
0131 510 6110 View 0131 510 6110
Photo of Valéry Hervé Renault, MA, Counsellor
Valéry Hervé Renault
Counsellor, MA
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH10  (Online Only)
Do you want to understand why you always act the way you do? Does it seem to you that your behavior follows repetitive patterns and you'd like to be able to change it, but you tend to always fall back into the same ruts? How about starting from the beginning and trying to understand what's going on?
Do you want to understand why you always act the way you do? Does it seem to you that your behavior follows repetitive patterns and you'd like to be able to change it, but you tend to always fall back into the same ruts? How about starting from the beginning and trying to understand what's going on?
020 3856 7704 View 020 3856 7704
Photo of Ailie Scott Dickins, MBACP, Counsellor
Ailie Scott Dickins
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH4
Hi, I'm Ailie, a qualified counsellor offering in person and online psychotherapy for those who feel that they could benefit from additional support. I'll work alongside you to further your self understanding, identify unhelpful patterns which are no longer serving you and offer you tools to gain more self-acceptance and self-compassion. Life can be challenging and having a counsellor to connect with is a powerful way to support the changes you want to make.
Hi, I'm Ailie, a qualified counsellor offering in person and online psychotherapy for those who feel that they could benefit from additional support. I'll work alongside you to further your self understanding, identify unhelpful patterns which are no longer serving you and offer you tools to gain more self-acceptance and self-compassion. Life can be challenging and having a counsellor to connect with is a powerful way to support the changes you want to make.
0131 381 4798 View 0131 381 4798
Photo of Daryl Nicholas, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Daryl Nicholas
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH1
Are you looking for an exciting and challenging space for self exploration, growth, and development? If so, the comprehensive INSIGHT self-discovery programmes are for you. Gain all-round and in-depth insight into who you are, how you've developed, your current and past relationships, and where you are heading. The INSIGHT programmes have been built to provide more structure, guidance, intensity, and rapid self discovery to allow you to reach your potential. To find out more, including the difference between the INSIGHT programmes and unstructured/open-ended therapy sessions, visit darylnicholas.com/insightprogrammes
Are you looking for an exciting and challenging space for self exploration, growth, and development? If so, the comprehensive INSIGHT self-discovery programmes are for you. Gain all-round and in-depth insight into who you are, how you've developed, your current and past relationships, and where you are heading. The INSIGHT programmes have been built to provide more structure, guidance, intensity, and rapid self discovery to allow you to reach your potential. To find out more, including the difference between the INSIGHT programmes and unstructured/open-ended therapy sessions, visit darylnicholas.com/insightprogrammes
020 3962 0587 View 020 3962 0587
Photo of Sarah Smith, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Sarah Smith
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH1
Hi, I’m Sarah. My own healing journey led me to become a qualified psychotherapist and yoga teacher - I believe in the process and understand it takes courage to reach out. I have ten years of experience supporting people of different ages and backgrounds in various settings. I am passionate about supporting women to feel less anxious and more confident. I work with stress, anxiety, trauma, loss, change, identity, belonging, self-confidence and relationship issues. I'll be with you 'in the mess' and journey with you towards meaningful change.
Hi, I’m Sarah. My own healing journey led me to become a qualified psychotherapist and yoga teacher - I believe in the process and understand it takes courage to reach out. I have ten years of experience supporting people of different ages and backgrounds in various settings. I am passionate about supporting women to feel less anxious and more confident. I work with stress, anxiety, trauma, loss, change, identity, belonging, self-confidence and relationship issues. I'll be with you 'in the mess' and journey with you towards meaningful change.
0191 743 3588 View 0191 743 3588
Photo of Katie Hendrick, MSc, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Katie Hendrick
Psychologist, MSc, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH3
Hello and Welcome. My name is Katie and I am a Practitioner Psychologist, with a background in nursing, currently specialising in trauma. Trauma can often be related to shock or changes in feelings of anxiety, anger or depression. Trauma is not the same for everyone. If you are feeling overwhelmed or in distress, struggling with daily life, experiencing pain then the type of therapy I offer may be of help to you. Sometimes people present clinically with anxiety or depression, sleep problems, burnout. Please see my website: hendrickps.com for more information about trauma psychotherapy and to read client testimonials.
Hello and Welcome. My name is Katie and I am a Practitioner Psychologist, with a background in nursing, currently specialising in trauma. Trauma can often be related to shock or changes in feelings of anxiety, anger or depression. Trauma is not the same for everyone. If you are feeling overwhelmed or in distress, struggling with daily life, experiencing pain then the type of therapy I offer may be of help to you. Sometimes people present clinically with anxiety or depression, sleep problems, burnout. Please see my website: hendrickps.com for more information about trauma psychotherapy and to read client testimonials.
0141 471 9187 View 0141 471 9187
Photo of Alison Yule, MCOSCA, Counsellor
Alison Yule
Counsellor, MCOSCA
Verified Verified
Livingston EH54
Our thoughts transform us. Do you want to make a change to feel better in yourself and to overcome things that may be holding you back? We can work together to understand how your thoughts and feelings affect each other and how a change of perspective can result in a change in your way being.
Our thoughts transform us. Do you want to make a change to feel better in yourself and to overcome things that may be holding you back? We can work together to understand how your thoughts and feelings affect each other and how a change of perspective can result in a change in your way being.
07786 180133 View 07786 180133
Photo of Allison Knell, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Allison Knell
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH2  (Online Only)
I am a registered psychotherapist with UKCP and an accredited member of BACP. In these difficult times all sessions are online or by phone. I think it’s really important to have a space to talk and explore issues. I am here to listen to you, support you, challenge you and educate you. I work with issues around anxiety depression and relationship issues. I offer time limited or longer support. My aim is to help you make the changes you want in your life. Take the first step to positive change and contact me. I offer a free 15 min phone or video session which allows us to discuss how we could work together.
I am a registered psychotherapist with UKCP and an accredited member of BACP. In these difficult times all sessions are online or by phone. I think it’s really important to have a space to talk and explore issues. I am here to listen to you, support you, challenge you and educate you. I work with issues around anxiety depression and relationship issues. I offer time limited or longer support. My aim is to help you make the changes you want in your life. Take the first step to positive change and contact me. I offer a free 15 min phone or video session which allows us to discuss how we could work together.
01368 658557 View 01368 658557
Photo of Jayden Josh James - Talking Therapies UK, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Talking Therapies UK
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH1  (Online Only)
My name is Jayden I am an advanced Psychotherapist with over 12 years experience of delivering psychological treatment for a range of mental health difficulties ranging from mild-moderate to severe and enduring.
My name is Jayden I am an advanced Psychotherapist with over 12 years experience of delivering psychological treatment for a range of mental health difficulties ranging from mild-moderate to severe and enduring.
01923 961827 View 01923 961827
Photo of Leonie Johnstone, MBACP, Counsellor
Leonie Johnstone
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edinburgh EH6
4 sessions £160 or £55 each Video & Telephone:Open minded & down to earth I'm here to embrace not JUDGE you. Want to talk, need support to gain perspective & start to work through issues. Someone to listen & accept you as you are. A place where you can feel free to be yourself, be open cry laugh swear vent about all that's difficult. Feeling not good enough, struggling to cope, overwhelmed, burnt out? Not getting your needs met, growing resentment. Anxiety, anger, low mood, stress impacting your relationships. Other difficulties family, work or health problems? PMS perimenopause/menopause. Experienced a bereavement or other loss I
4 sessions £160 or £55 each Video & Telephone:Open minded & down to earth I'm here to embrace not JUDGE you. Want to talk, need support to gain perspective & start to work through issues. Someone to listen & accept you as you are. A place where you can feel free to be yourself, be open cry laugh swear vent about all that's difficult. Feeling not good enough, struggling to cope, overwhelmed, burnt out? Not getting your needs met, growing resentment. Anxiety, anger, low mood, stress impacting your relationships. Other difficulties family, work or health problems? PMS perimenopause/menopause. Experienced a bereavement or other loss I
01420 559174 View 01420 559174

See more therapy options for South Queensferry

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in South Queensferry

< 10

Counsellors in South Queensferry who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% Self Esteem
100% Stress
83% Relationship Issues
83% Emotional Disturbance

Average years in practice

11 Years

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male

How Counsellors in South Queensferry see their clients

100% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in South Queensferry?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.

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