Counselling in Swansea

Photo of Virginia Louise Hearth, MA, HCPC-Art Therap., Psychotherapist
Virginia Louise Hearth
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
Swansea SA3
It takes courage to reach out and ask for help. It's the first step towards change. It's a brave step, and a step worth taking. Change starts with you. Its hard to take this sort of journey alone. You need someone by your side that you can trust, that you have confidence in, and someone who believes in you too. It's a difficult process to revisit the past and to heal from it. Sometimes it's absolutely necessary in order to move on with your life and be your best version of yourself. The past can't be changed of course, but the way you live with it can be.
It takes courage to reach out and ask for help. It's the first step towards change. It's a brave step, and a step worth taking. Change starts with you. Its hard to take this sort of journey alone. You need someone by your side that you can trust, that you have confidence in, and someone who believes in you too. It's a difficult process to revisit the past and to heal from it. Sometimes it's absolutely necessary in order to move on with your life and be your best version of yourself. The past can't be changed of course, but the way you live with it can be.
0161 524 3224 View 0161 524 3224
Photo of Katie Merritt-Jones, PhD, UKCP Trainee, Psychotherapist
Katie Merritt-Jones
Psychotherapist, PhD, UKCP Trainee
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Swansea SA2
Most people seek therapy because they feel stuck in some way. You might find yourself stuck in a feeling, like sadness, anger or stress. You might find yourself repeating a behavioural pattern - maybe you're noticing a string of unsatisfying relationships, feel like you attract a specific type of person, or use alcohol or other substances more than you'd like? Psychotherapy is an evidence-based approach to self-understanding and change. Therapy can support you to challenge unwanted patterns and create new ways of being in the world that bring you joy.
Most people seek therapy because they feel stuck in some way. You might find yourself stuck in a feeling, like sadness, anger or stress. You might find yourself repeating a behavioural pattern - maybe you're noticing a string of unsatisfying relationships, feel like you attract a specific type of person, or use alcohol or other substances more than you'd like? Psychotherapy is an evidence-based approach to self-understanding and change. Therapy can support you to challenge unwanted patterns and create new ways of being in the world that bring you joy.
01792 949603 View 01792 949603
Photo of Bob Mattingly, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Bob Mattingly
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Swansea SA3
Hi, I’m Bob, I’m a relaxed, straightforward person and I offer a supportive space to encourage you to meet your full potential, live your fullest life and ultimately be who you really are. Sometimes in life we develop patterns which, though once necessary ways of being, have now outgrown their original purpose and can begin to get in the way of us living a vibrant and authentic life. I’ll meet you as a real person and together we can build a genuine relationship where these patterns can be understood, ultimately giving you more choices over your life and a space to heal.
Hi, I’m Bob, I’m a relaxed, straightforward person and I offer a supportive space to encourage you to meet your full potential, live your fullest life and ultimately be who you really are. Sometimes in life we develop patterns which, though once necessary ways of being, have now outgrown their original purpose and can begin to get in the way of us living a vibrant and authentic life. I’ll meet you as a real person and together we can build a genuine relationship where these patterns can be understood, ultimately giving you more choices over your life and a space to heal.
07504 490930 View 07504 490930
Photo of Ramona Mihaela Scutea, MSc, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Ramona Mihaela Scutea
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Swansea SA8  (Online Only)
Hi, I am a bilingual (English & Romanian) highly skilled Counselling therapist working with NHS and private practice. My clinical work is informed by a range of treatment models, including Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Motivational interviewing. I offer an integrative approach, adapting therapy according to each client's unique needs, which allows me to provide the best possible therapeutic experience for my clients
Hi, I am a bilingual (English & Romanian) highly skilled Counselling therapist working with NHS and private practice. My clinical work is informed by a range of treatment models, including Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Motivational interviewing. I offer an integrative approach, adapting therapy according to each client's unique needs, which allows me to provide the best possible therapeutic experience for my clients
01792 949227 View 01792 949227
Photo of Masoumeh Minou, PhD, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Masoumeh Minou
Psychotherapist, PhD, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA2
Hi, my name is Dr Mas Minou and I'm a Behavioural Psychologist, Coach & Psychotherapist, MBACP. Our relationship with ourselves or with others, our health, financial situation, career, family, fitness can all get complicated. Within a safe and confidential space I offer effective and practical approaches to help you reach your desired outcomes. I apply relational approaches combined with psychologically-informed behaviour change techniques to help you work through any psychological problems you might be experiencing. Whether you are seeking change or want to leave behind shame, old hurt or work through your grief, I can help.
Hi, my name is Dr Mas Minou and I'm a Behavioural Psychologist, Coach & Psychotherapist, MBACP. Our relationship with ourselves or with others, our health, financial situation, career, family, fitness can all get complicated. Within a safe and confidential space I offer effective and practical approaches to help you reach your desired outcomes. I apply relational approaches combined with psychologically-informed behaviour change techniques to help you work through any psychological problems you might be experiencing. Whether you are seeking change or want to leave behind shame, old hurt or work through your grief, I can help.
01792 940896 View 01792 940896
Photo of Tammy Allen, MBACP, Counsellor
Tammy Allen
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA9
Hi I'm Tam. Firstly, I would like to say well done on finding the courage, and starting the process in searching and asking for help, this can at times be the most difficult part. The foundations of my work are built on the Person-Centred Approach and I aim to work and walk alongside you as we explore your problems, distresses or difficult situations you are experiencing. We will work together, to gain a better understanding of the difficulties that can present themselves regarding trauma and loss, self-identity, low self-esteem, anxiety, and making sense of the purpose of life ahead.
Hi I'm Tam. Firstly, I would like to say well done on finding the courage, and starting the process in searching and asking for help, this can at times be the most difficult part. The foundations of my work are built on the Person-Centred Approach and I aim to work and walk alongside you as we explore your problems, distresses or difficult situations you are experiencing. We will work together, to gain a better understanding of the difficulties that can present themselves regarding trauma and loss, self-identity, low self-esteem, anxiety, and making sense of the purpose of life ahead.
01639 505117 View 01639 505117
Photo of Holli Yeoman, UKCP Trainee, Counsellor
Holli Yeoman
Counsellor, UKCP Trainee
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Swansea SA1
Psychotherapy offers the possibility of meeting some of the simple human needs that can be rare to find in today’s busy society. A space to be truly seen and heard; a space for the expression and unfolding of your true nature, for tuning in to your heart and soul, and for being welcomed just as you are.
Psychotherapy offers the possibility of meeting some of the simple human needs that can be rare to find in today’s busy society. A space to be truly seen and heard; a space for the expression and unfolding of your true nature, for tuning in to your heart and soul, and for being welcomed just as you are.
01792 949123 View 01792 949123
Photo of Elen Thomas, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Elen Thomas
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Swansea SA3
By learning to understand what drives us, we are able to change and grow.... and most importantly, learn what to do when we get ‘stuck'. I recognise that the first steps in counselling are often not easy, so will make sure we go at a pace that suits you; therapy can be short or long term, we can decide this as we go along. I am a qualified psychotherapist, couple's therapist and fully trained clinical supervisor, offering a private space in my garden studio, where together we can explore whatever brings you to therapy. I trained in Emotion Focussed Therapy which works on the premise that our emotions guide everything we do.
By learning to understand what drives us, we are able to change and grow.... and most importantly, learn what to do when we get ‘stuck'. I recognise that the first steps in counselling are often not easy, so will make sure we go at a pace that suits you; therapy can be short or long term, we can decide this as we go along. I am a qualified psychotherapist, couple's therapist and fully trained clinical supervisor, offering a private space in my garden studio, where together we can explore whatever brings you to therapy. I trained in Emotion Focussed Therapy which works on the premise that our emotions guide everything we do.
01792 940431 View 01792 940431
Photo of Claire Lloyd, MBACP, Counsellor
Claire Lloyd
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA7
It's not uncommon to reach a point in our lives where we are struggling, needing help to process thoughts and feelings or being faced with uncertainties. Talking can be a difficult thing to do especially when you are at a low point in your life, however with a safe confidential space and someone who can empathise with you along with being non judgemental this can be achieved.
It's not uncommon to reach a point in our lives where we are struggling, needing help to process thoughts and feelings or being faced with uncertainties. Talking can be a difficult thing to do especially when you are at a low point in your life, however with a safe confidential space and someone who can empathise with you along with being non judgemental this can be achieved.
01792 949353 View 01792 949353
Photo of Hayleigh Isaac, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Hayleigh Isaac
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Swansea SA2
Do you sometimes feel alone, with no one to lean on for support? Do you feel overwhelmed by difficult or challenging life events and want help to feel like yourself again? Within a counselling session, I will draw on multiple counselling approaches to support you as you explore and understand your situation, identify helpful techniques or coping strategies, and set and work towards personal goals. I provide support for a wide range of physical and emotional difficulties. I have specialist experience in supporting people living with chronic/long-term health conditions, and those who are bereaved or preparing for a bereavement.
Do you sometimes feel alone, with no one to lean on for support? Do you feel overwhelmed by difficult or challenging life events and want help to feel like yourself again? Within a counselling session, I will draw on multiple counselling approaches to support you as you explore and understand your situation, identify helpful techniques or coping strategies, and set and work towards personal goals. I provide support for a wide range of physical and emotional difficulties. I have specialist experience in supporting people living with chronic/long-term health conditions, and those who are bereaved or preparing for a bereavement.
01792 989464 View 01792 989464
Photo of Lisa Lewis - Lisa Lewis - Cribarth Counselling, MBACP, Counsellor
Lisa Lewis - Cribarth Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA9
Hello and welcome. Are you struggling with an issue that's affecting your daily life? Or maybe you would like to explore your thoughts and feelings in a safe space. Life can be challenging at times, and dealing with issues on your own can feel overwhelming. Together, we can explore your difficulties from different perspectives until things become clearer. I can offer you skills and techniques to overcome obstacles, enabling you to move forward and reclaim a more balanced life.
Hello and welcome. Are you struggling with an issue that's affecting your daily life? Or maybe you would like to explore your thoughts and feelings in a safe space. Life can be challenging at times, and dealing with issues on your own can feel overwhelming. Together, we can explore your difficulties from different perspectives until things become clearer. I can offer you skills and techniques to overcome obstacles, enabling you to move forward and reclaim a more balanced life.
01639 505713 View 01639 505713
Photo of John Dray, UKCP Trainee, Psychotherapist
John Dray
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Swansea SA2
Are you feeling stuck or disconnected, as if something is holding you back from fully engaging with life? You might be feeling uncertain about your identity or overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, or past trauma. If this sounds familiar, you’re not alone, and I am here to help. I specialise in working with LGBTQ+ individuals who are navigating these challenges and exploring their sense of self. Together, we’ll create a safe and supportive space where you can better understand your experiences, discover new ways to relate to yourself and others, and move towards a more authentic and fulfilling life.
Are you feeling stuck or disconnected, as if something is holding you back from fully engaging with life? You might be feeling uncertain about your identity or overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, or past trauma. If this sounds familiar, you’re not alone, and I am here to help. I specialise in working with LGBTQ+ individuals who are navigating these challenges and exploring their sense of self. Together, we’ll create a safe and supportive space where you can better understand your experiences, discover new ways to relate to yourself and others, and move towards a more authentic and fulfilling life.
01269 508064 View 01269 508064
Photo of Lynette Evans, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Lynette Evans
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Swansea SA7
I am a fully qualified and experienced accredited Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist (Level 7), providing a confidential and professional counselling service. My Counselling practice aims to give you the opportunity to explore your problems, distresses or any difficult situations that you are experiencing in a confidential, non-judgmental, safe and supportive environment. As a Counsellor I feel privileged to be part of your journey and work to facilitate you through your difficulties so that they become more manageable.
I am a fully qualified and experienced accredited Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist (Level 7), providing a confidential and professional counselling service. My Counselling practice aims to give you the opportunity to explore your problems, distresses or any difficult situations that you are experiencing in a confidential, non-judgmental, safe and supportive environment. As a Counsellor I feel privileged to be part of your journey and work to facilitate you through your difficulties so that they become more manageable.
07720 849263 View 07720 849263
Photo of Martina Wolter, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Martina Wolter
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA4
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, I am a UKCP registered Systemic Family and Psychotherapist and Social Pedagogue. I work with individuals and families/groups and I believe that every person is unique and crucial in finding solutions that lead to positive change for you, your family, team or group. I work with clients with a variety of problems, too many to mention here, especially because they are all individual and subsequently perceived like that.
Hello, I am a UKCP registered Systemic Family and Psychotherapist and Social Pedagogue. I work with individuals and families/groups and I believe that every person is unique and crucial in finding solutions that lead to positive change for you, your family, team or group. I work with clients with a variety of problems, too many to mention here, especially because they are all individual and subsequently perceived like that.
01792 949152 View 01792 949152
Photo of Chris Reed - City Counselling Services, MBACP, Counsellor
City Counselling Services
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA1
At City Counselling Services we pride ourselves in offering a professional and caring service. We provide counselling in Swansea and offer weekend and evening sessions. We have both male and female qualified counsellors working towards accreditation, and are registered members of the BACP (British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy). Disabled Access and parking nearby. If you would like more information or would like to book an appointment please call: 01792 824590 or 07837920234 (office hours 9am to 7pm)
At City Counselling Services we pride ourselves in offering a professional and caring service. We provide counselling in Swansea and offer weekend and evening sessions. We have both male and female qualified counsellors working towards accreditation, and are registered members of the BACP (British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy). Disabled Access and parking nearby. If you would like more information or would like to book an appointment please call: 01792 824590 or 07837920234 (office hours 9am to 7pm)
01792 739777 View 01792 739777
Photo of Caroline Thomas - Insideout Psychotherapy, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Insideout Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA3
Coming to therapy can seem like a big step. But in my experience with clients, it is usually the beginning of a liberating time when past and present concerns can be expressed and understood with emotions examined and transmuted. Learning how to accept and navigate difficult life situations can be really beneficial, as you discover what choices are available to you in how to handle difficult emotions and thought patterns. Many of our core beliefs were formed when we were young and not fully conscious of the choices we were making about our world. Therapy gives you the chance to look at yourself and your issues in new ways.
Coming to therapy can seem like a big step. But in my experience with clients, it is usually the beginning of a liberating time when past and present concerns can be expressed and understood with emotions examined and transmuted. Learning how to accept and navigate difficult life situations can be really beneficial, as you discover what choices are available to you in how to handle difficult emotions and thought patterns. Many of our core beliefs were formed when we were young and not fully conscious of the choices we were making about our world. Therapy gives you the chance to look at yourself and your issues in new ways.
01962 676199 View 01962 676199
RJM Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Swansea SA8  (Online Only)
I have a wealth of experience and have done a lot of research covering a variety of topics. This includes research and work with adverse childhood experiences, these can range from abuse and neglect to poverty and separation from a loved one. I work with trauma, relationship difficulties, chronic illnesses, stress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem and confidence issues. I focus on the therapeutic relationship, one where we can build a safe, non-judgmental space that is comfortable for you to explore your emotions and experiences and empowers you to develop insight, coping skills and resilience in the face of lifes challenges.
I have a wealth of experience and have done a lot of research covering a variety of topics. This includes research and work with adverse childhood experiences, these can range from abuse and neglect to poverty and separation from a loved one. I work with trauma, relationship difficulties, chronic illnesses, stress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem and confidence issues. I focus on the therapeutic relationship, one where we can build a safe, non-judgmental space that is comfortable for you to explore your emotions and experiences and empowers you to develop insight, coping skills and resilience in the face of lifes challenges.
01792 949076 View 01792 949076
Photo of Justine Trotman, MBACP, Counsellor
Justine Trotman
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA4
Hello and welcome. Counselling offers you an opportunity to look at what is really going on in your life and to help make sense of any confusion or turmoil you may be experiencing. It provides a safe space where unhelpful behaviour patterns can be challenged and potentially changed to help you gain a deeper sense of freedom and control over your life. I am here to help you achieve your goals and overcome your challenges. With a warm and empathic approach I can work collaboratively with you to identify your strengths and develop practical strategies for positive change.
Hello and welcome. Counselling offers you an opportunity to look at what is really going on in your life and to help make sense of any confusion or turmoil you may be experiencing. It provides a safe space where unhelpful behaviour patterns can be challenged and potentially changed to help you gain a deeper sense of freedom and control over your life. I am here to help you achieve your goals and overcome your challenges. With a warm and empathic approach I can work collaboratively with you to identify your strengths and develop practical strategies for positive change.
01792 949770 View 01792 949770
Photo of Nia Ward, BACP, Counsellor
Nia Ward
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Swansea SA4
Croeso! My aim as a counsellor is to provide a sense of hope and healing, empowering clients to find resilience and strength amidst life's challenges. A nurturing and transformative experience leaving a lasting impact on individuals seeking support, creating positive change and instilling a sense of empowerment and well-being. I am dedicated and committed, going above and beyond to ensure clients receive the care they deserve. My experience and knowledge in suicide prevention and self-harm has enhanced my ability to help individuals in crisis.
Croeso! My aim as a counsellor is to provide a sense of hope and healing, empowering clients to find resilience and strength amidst life's challenges. A nurturing and transformative experience leaving a lasting impact on individuals seeking support, creating positive change and instilling a sense of empowerment and well-being. I am dedicated and committed, going above and beyond to ensure clients receive the care they deserve. My experience and knowledge in suicide prevention and self-harm has enhanced my ability to help individuals in crisis.
01792 949913 View 01792 949913
Photo of Matthew Henric Collins - C and F Counselling, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
C and F Counselling
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Swansea SA1
My aims as a counsellor are ​- To provide a fully confidential Service ​- To provide a safe and secure environment for my clients ​- I pride myself on being professional and non-judgemental in all aspects of my practice ​- Each session will be individual to my clients and their needs. I do not believe that 'one size fits all' and we will work together to identify the most appropriate treatment plan.
My aims as a counsellor are ​- To provide a fully confidential Service ​- To provide a safe and secure environment for my clients ​- I pride myself on being professional and non-judgemental in all aspects of my practice ​- Each session will be individual to my clients and their needs. I do not believe that 'one size fits all' and we will work together to identify the most appropriate treatment plan.
01792 966425 View 01792 966425
1

See more therapy options for Swansea

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Swansea

90+

Average cost per session

£50

Counsellors in Swansea who prioritize treating:

85% Anxiety
79% Depression
72% Bereavement
72% Self Esteem
72% Stress
70% Trauma and PTSD
64% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

47% Aviva
47% AXA PPP
40% Any/Out-of-network Insurance

How Counsellors in Swansea see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
24% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Swansea?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.

  翻译: