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Second world war archive coverage: 1945

  • Armoured car and anti-tank gun in action on the edge of a town during the German attack on the Soviet Union, June 1941.

    Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union – archive, 1941

    23 June 1941: The attack on Hitler’s former ally begins without formal warning along a front of 1,500 miles
  • From the right, Adolf Hitler, Rudolf Hess (last public appearance before his flight to England), Joachim von Ribbentrop, 4 May 1941.

    Hitler’s deputy Rudolf Hess parachutes into Scotland – archive, 1941

    13 May 1941: The solo flight in a Messerschmitt 110 is one of the strangest things in Nazi history
  • From the archive: a Japanese soldier fights on, May 1974

    Forty years after the end of the second world war, Hiroo Onoda is the last of the ‘stragglers’. By Chris Hall
  • Japanese surrender signatories arrive on board the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, 2 September 1945.

    From the archive, 1945: Japan signs the terms of surrender

    3 September 1945: With the signing on the USS Missouri, the second world war is now officially over. Full occupation of Japan is about to begin
  • Leaders of the Big Three pose for photographers just before the final peace conference meeting, Potsdam, Germany, August 10, 1945.

    The Potsdam conference opens - archive, 1945

    16 July 1945: Leaders of the victorious Allied nations meet to determine the boundaries of Europe after the second world war
  • Winston Churchill (left) with Franklin D Roosevelt (centre) and Josef Stalin with their advisers at the Yalta Agreement talks,  February 1945.

    Yalta conference shapes the postwar world - archive, February 1945

    Seventy-five years ago, Winston Churchill, Franklin D Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin met at Yalta in Crimea to plan the final defeat of Nazi Germany and postwar reorganisation of Europe. See how the Guardian reported events
  • Women and children walking to eastern Russia after the German invasion, 1941.

    The uprooted millions of Europe - archive, November 1943

    A study of forced population migrations during the second world war saw the first appearance of the term ‘displaced person’
  • Vyacheslav Molotov, Russian foreign minister, signs the non-aggression pact negotiated between Soviet Russia and Germany, at the Kremlin, Moscow. Standing behind him is his German counterpart Joachim von Ribbentrop (left), and Joseph Stalin (centre), 23 August 1939.

    The Molotov-Ribbentrop pact – archive, August 1939

    Eighty years ago, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agreed not to attack each other or support aggressive third powers. The pact divided central and eastern Europe into spheres on influence and a week later, Germany invaded Poland. Read how the Guardian reacted to the new alliance
  • The signing of the Russian and Germany non-aggression pact at the Kremlin, 23 August 1939.

    The Molotov-Ribbentrop pact: elaborate reception for the Germans in Moscow - archive, 1939

    24 August 1939: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression pact
  • Concrete track in Coppice Wood

    Beetles stem elms' lofty wartime canopy

    Country Diary: Riseley, Bedfordshire Nissen huts stored ammunition here, hidden by tall elms whose offspring are just bushes, cursed with perpetual youth
  • The Hiroshima Prefectural Industrial Promotion Hall, which stood very close to the bomb’s hypocentre. The skeletal structure of the dome is now known officially as the A-bomb Dome.

    'Rain of ruin': the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima

    How the Manchester Guardian reported the dropping of the first nuclear weapon to be used in warfare, 6 August 1945
  • Ruins Theaterplatz

    Dresden bombed in the second world war: then and now – in pictures

    On 13-14 February, Dresden commemorates the 70th anniversary of the 1945 Allied firebombing, which left the vast majority of the city devastated. Getty Images’ Sean Gallup digitally merged pictures of the city after the devastation with present-day photographs, creating time-folding composite images
  • Former deputy Fuhrer Rudolf Hess, 1946.

    Hitler’s deputy escapes to Britain – archive, 1941

    13 May 1941: Rudolf Hess flies to Scotland and makes a parachute landing near Glasgow
  • Surviving Nazi leaders in the dock

    November 20 1945: On this day the Nuremberg trial of Nazi war criminals began. This is how the Manchester Guardian reported the news.
  • Hell let loose

    A doctor describes the gas chambers.
  • General of the Army Douglas MacArthur and General Wainwright witness the formal Japanese surrender signatures aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, 2 September 1945.

    Editorial: war's end

    September 2 1945: On this day the Japanese signed a peace treaty with the allied forces, signalling the official end of the war in the Pacific. This is how the Manchester Guardian reported the news.
  • World peace at last: Japan surrenders

  • World peace at last: Japan surrenders

  • The Atomic Bomb

  • Atomic bomb used on Japan

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