Post de Synchrotron SOLEIL

With the Einstein Telescope project, Europe is bidding to lead a scientific revolution. The purpose of the Research Project is the "Preliminary study for the development of the technical and economic feasibility design of the Einstein Telescope gravitational wave observatory in the Region of Sardinia, in different configurations, including the execution of surveys and investigations and the preliminary environmental impact assessment, for infrastructural works, underground and above ground, construction and plant engineering." #Geotec is part of the group of Italian companies (ATI) that won the more than 12 million euro European tender for the technical and economic feasibility study of the large underground research infrastructure for Einstein Telescope, the future gravitational wave detector, which Italy has bid to host at Sos Enattos in Lula, Sardinia. Read the article in Il Sole 24 Ore Einstein Telescope IT #EinsteinTelescope #ETIC

Voyager 1, in interstellar space, is the most distant human-made object from earth. I've wondered how do they manage to get signals from so far away given the 1/r^2 decay. Interesting details are found at the link in a comment. Presenting here in simplified terms: 22 W power radiated from the probe. Signal decays to 0.0000000000000000000000000000000186 (=1/5.37*10^31) of the original due to 1/r^2 relationship. That's roughly the ratio between the mass of the entire earth to that of 0.1 ml water. 63,000 antenna gain in Voyager 1. 19,000,000 antenna gain on earth via a large 70 m antenna. A low-noise environment and frequency band (8.4 GHz) chosen for the antenna. Keeping those antennas precisely pointing at each other is itself remarkable. Amplifiers kept cooled to 20K (-253C), which reduces thermal noise by 15 times over the room temperature. However, the rest is still a lot of decay! It is all handled by reducing the data rate so that very weak signals can be recovered from noise. As a crude analogy, you can think of it as increasing the font size to enhance readability from far away, but now less text fits on the paper. A better analogy would be increasing the exposure time of a camera to capture a dark scene. While the probe was launched in the year 1977, and had much smaller planned life, the circuits were designed to allow for reducing signal and data rates as the probe keeps going far. Note that Voyager 1 is currently 'just' ~1 light-day away from earth. The nearest star, Proxima Centauri, is ~4.2 light-years away. The nearest galaxy, Andromeda, is ~2.5 million light-years away, which means a signal round trip will take ~5 million years (if at all we can catch such a minute signal which would be 'further' weaker by about 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 times). For a comparison, Homo Erectus appeared about 2 million years ago.

Seiko Sundial- At first glance, this watch, designed exclusively for sunny men,' might seem like just a piece of netal, but that's just a fleeting impression It transforms into a "miniature astronomical observatory," meticulously tracking celestial movements with an impressive accuracy of -1.59 milliseconds per day, or -0.58 seconds per year The circular dial atop the conical case serves as a lid. Lifting it causes the case to rise up into a three-dimensional structure, instantly transforming its appearance i. The small metal stick in the open case, known as the gnomon (projection rod), can be placed at the center of the dial to complete the transformation. Setting the longitude is crucial for sundials Rotating the dial adjusts the longitude, which accounts for the time difference from the standard reference point. This feature allows the watch to function as a sundial that provides accurate time indication even outside Japan The upper portion of the sundial rotates 180 degrees according to the season (calendar) ‣, making it uniquely designed for year-round readability when worn on the wrist.

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be the first space-based gravitational wave observatory. What does it need? https://lnkd.in/d44tApSW This Editors’ Pick from Applied Optics [#OPG_AO] titled “Laser-induced molecular contamination de-risking activity for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna” describes the results of an experimental test campaign assessing the risks of laser-induced molecular contamination for LISA. The team reports the LIMC concern for LISA may be greatly reduced, promising for LISA as well as other space missions using infrared laser radiation. Written by: Nils Bartels, Moritz Vogel, Wolfgang Riede, Christian Dahl, Kai-Cristian Voss, Alessandra Ciapponi, Ricardo Martins, and Linda Mondin #LaserOptics #LISA #SpaceObservatory

Launched in December 2013, ESA’s Gaia spacecraft is on a mission to map the locations and motions of more than a billion stars in the Milky Way with extreme precision. But it’s not easy being a satellite: space is a dangerous place. In recent months, hyper-velocity space dust and the strongest solar storm in 20 years have threatened Gaia’s ability to carry out the precise measurements for which it is famous. In April, a tiny particle smaller than a grain of sand struck Gaia at high speed. Known as a micrometeoroid, millions of these particles burn up in Earth’s atmosphere every day. But Gaia is located 1.5 million km from Earth at the second Sun-Earth Lagrange point (L2). Out here, far from our planet’s protective atmosphere, Gaia is often struck by particles like this. Impacts are expected, and the spacecraft was designed to withstand them. This object, however, struck Gaia at a very high speed and at just the wrong angle, damaging the spacecraft’s protective cover. The impact created a little gap that allowed stray sunlight – around one billionth of the intensity of direct sunlight felt on Earth – to occasionally disrupt Gaia’s very sensitive sensors. Gaia’s engineers were in the middle of dealing with this issue when they were faced with another problem. The spacecraft’s ‘billion-pixel camera’ relies on a series of 106 charge coupled devices (CCDs) – sensors that convert light into electrical signals. In May, the electronics controlling one of these CCDs failed – Gaia’s first CCD issue in more than 10 years in space. Each sensor has a different role, and the affected sensor was vital for Gaia’s ability to confirm the detection of stars. Without this sensor to validate its observations, Gaia began to register thousands of false detections. The root cause for the electronics failure is not entirely clear. Gaia was designed to spend up to six years in space but has now survived almost twice as long under harsh conditions. Around the time of failure, Gaia was hit by the same violent burst of energetic particles from the Sun that triggered spectacular auroral lightshows around the world. The spacecraft was built to withstand radiation, but during the current period of high solar activity, it is being pushed to its limits. It is possible that the storm was the final straw for this piece of the spacecraft’s aging hardware. #Gaia #SolarStorms #Micrometeoroids Just as there are a variety of small bodies traversing space, scientists have a number of different names for them. This handy infographic illustrates what’s what in the fascinating world of space rocks. (ESA)

On Day 2 of the India Space Congress 2024, the Panel session on "Unlocking the Potential of Smart Satellite" deliberated upon the high cost of manufacturing satellites, and the difficulty for manufacturers to attain breakeven. Thus, smart satellites are developing to reduce costs. Today, there is more software and less hardware in a satellite.  A smart satellite is sleeker, with a better resolution and lower mass. It has onboard edge computing to downlink only useful images. While also touching upon vertical integration and standardization. Rainer Horn (Chairman ) l Gurvinder Chohan l Rakesh Bhan l Rupesh Gandupalli l Michael Dowries l Siddharth Sagar

🚀 India's Aditya-L1, the first space-based solar observatory, has given us an incredible solar selfie! 🤳🌞🌍🌕 On September 4, 2023, Aditya-L1 captured breathtaking images of our Earth and Moon as it journeys toward Lagrange point 1 (L1), with Earth's natural satellite appearing as a tiny speck next to our blue planet. This historic moment was made possible by Aditya-L1's Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) and Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SUIT) payloads. But the mission has just begun! Aditya-L1 performed its second Earth-bound maneuver on September 5, and there's more to come. Next up, another maneuver on September 10 at 2:30 pm IST. Aditya-L1 is equipped with seven payloads, including spectrometers and particle analyzers. Its mission objectives range from studying the solar corona to understanding solar activities' impact on space weather. We invite you to drop your thoughts and follow @hindustanherald for more updates on this incredible solar mission! 🌞🚀🌍🌕 #HindustanHerald #media #breakingnews #trending #viral #politics #sports #business #newsupdate #newspaper #herald #hindustan #heraldnews #india

Space-nomics update regarding advancement in laser communication. Think back to the 1970s and how cell phone communication was developing and what followed. This technology is disruptive and a central advancement for the space economy and what I have termed as Space-nomics #cre #ccim #sior #trepp #uli #naiop #spaceeconomy https://lnkd.in/g9jNhMdr

Hey folks! 🚀 Big news from the space scene! AgniKul Cosmos, a cool company from India, has just set up their new rocket called Agnibaan SOrTeD at a famous space center. What’s unique about this rocket? It’s got an engine that was made with a 3D printer, which is super high-tech and the first of its kind. This rocket can carry small satellites way up into space, about 700 km high, which is really far! The coolest part is that this rocket can launch from lots of different places, making it super flexible. It’s like having a portable rocket launcher! This is a huge step for space technology in India, showing the world that they can create some amazing space gadgets. It’s exciting to think about what this could mean for the future of space travel! #SpaceInnovation #AgnibaanSOrTeD #TechNews #AgniKulCosmos

#paramagneticterminalvelocity #volumecontraction One question that arises with this approach to MOND is, "why are all the galactic core-proximal spins 1D polarized in the distal star's frame of reference?"  Again that has to do with the structure of the correlation space.  Although the stars in question are /not/ traveling near the speed of light, they might hypothetically be traveling near the terminal velocity of paramagnetism. From a paramagnetic frame of reference, space contraction applies to the bulk of the stars in the core of the galaxy, and ~every spin aligns normal to the galactic plane. I might need to correct myself on the sweeping speed of the inward flux of photon wavelet continuum: that might be this "terminal velocity of paramagnetism." At this velocity, every spin in the orthogonal plane is either up or down. Spins behind and in front have no magnetic impact. Let's think more about this velocity. I've got a spin in front with a sweeping inward continuum of long photon wavelet. I'm traveling at this velocity. If the continuum sweeps to my left, my travel forward compensates and it does not sweep at all. If it sweeps to my right, the same thing happens. There is 0 evolution of the continuum state I am experiencing. What if I go /faster/ than this velocity? This should be possible, right, given that I can go up to the speed of light? Well I've got my own continuum circulating; at this stage, I should be fully magnetized. Net I've got it going with a normal vector up to me or down to me. If I start to go faster than the circulation speed, I think there is net force towards hyper-magnetization. What happens if you try to align a magnet that's already aligned? Well you start to put a cylinder of pressure around it. I think this is where volume starts to contract from a sphere into a line.