Keep the Russians out,
Keep the Americans in, and
Keep the Germans down.
Lord Ismay, 1957
First Secretary General of NATO - 1952-1957
"Out of area or out of business"
US Senator Richard G. Lugar, ~1990?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
| SHAPE | Supreme Headquarters Allied Power Europe |
| Joint Force Command HQ Brunssum | |
| Joint Force Command HQ Naples | |
| Joint Headquarters Lisbon | |
| LANDCENT | Allied Land Forces Central Europe |
| ARRC | Allied Rapid Reaction Corps |
| Spearhead Force | |
| Very High Readiness JTF | |
| NATO Response Force | |
| EUROCORPS | |
| Multinational Corps Northeast | |
| Rapid Deployable Italian Corps | |
| Rapid Deployable Turkish Corps | |
| Rapid Deployable German-Netherlands Corps | |
| Rapid Deployable Spanish Corps | |
| NATO Deployable Corps - Greece | |
| RF(A)S | Reaction Forces (Air) Staff - |
| NAEWF | NATO Airborne Early Warning Force |
| Immediate Reaction Forces (Maritime) | |
| ACE Mobile Force - AMF | |
| STRIKFORNATO | Naval Striking and Support Forces |
| STANAVFORLANT | Standing Naval Force Atlantic |
| STANAVFORMED | Standing Naval Forces Mediterranean |
| STANAVFORCHAN | Standing Naval Forces Channel |
| MARCOM | Maritime Command |
| COMSURFNATO | Commander Surface Forces |
| COMSUBNATO | Commander Submarines |
| COMMARAIR | Maritime Air Patrol Aircraft |
The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO; French: Organisation du Trait de l'Atlantique Nord ("OTAN"); also called the North Atlantic Alliance, the Atlantic Alliance, or the Western Alliance) is a military alliance established by the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty on April 4, 1949. In accordance with that Treaty, the fundamental role of NATO is to safeguard the freedom and security of its member countries by political and military means. NATO is playing an increasingly important role in crisis management and peacekeeping.
Defense chiefs from NATO member states gave a green light to a new grand strategy on how to beat Russia in any potential all-out conflict, as Moscow said the move proved the US-led bloc wasnt open to improving relations. On 21 October 2021, ministers met in Brussels to sign off the scheme, named the Concept for Deterrence and Defense in the Euro-Atlantic Area. According to NATOs General Secretary, Jens Stoltenberg, it is part of efforts to continue to strengthen our alliance with better and modernized plans. The blocs officials insisted they dont believe an attack is imminent, but that it is worthwhile being prepared in any case.
As part of the plan, NATO troops would fight against Russias forces in both the Baltic Region and across the Black Sea. The battle plans also focus on non-conventional warfare, including the use of nuclear weapons, cyber-attacks and even conflict in space.
However, Kremlin Press Secretary Dmitry Peskov hit out at the adoption of the strategy, saying that it shows there is no prospect for turning around rock-bottom relations with the bloc. There is no need for dialogue under these conditions, he argued, saying that the adoption of such a concept by NATO confirms it once again. According to him, this alliance was not created for peace, it was conceived, designed and created for confrontation.
By the late 1990s not all North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) members participated in all aspects of the commonly funded budgets. Although all 16 members participate fully in the civil budget, Spain and France did not participate in all aspects of the military budget or the NATO Security Investment Program (NSIP). Further, the NATO Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS) program, funded through the military budget but with its own negotiated cost shares, did not include France, Spain, and Iceland, and the United Kingdom only partially participates in it. Finally, although Iceland iscounted as a participant in the NSIP, its cost share is zero.
Since the end of the Cold War, the NATO alliance has been evolving to meet the new security needs of the 21stCentury. In this era, the threats to Europe and America originate primarily from outside Europe, particularly from the Greater Middle East. There was initially strong support among members for NATO's operations in Afghanistan.
The July 2016 summit in Warsaw saw NATO agreeing to deploy multinational military forces to the Baltic states and eastern Poland, NATO moved from the reassurance of its allies to the deterrence of its adversaries. The agreement NATO signed in Warsaw with the European Union was a significant step in addressing the nonkinetic aspects of Moscow's hybrid war on the West. NATO is ill-equipped to counter threats stemming from the Kremlin's "ybrid warfare" - weaponization of globalization: its use of things like corruption, transnational organized crime, international finance, and disinformation to undermine the foundations of Western societies. Countering these hybrid tactics -- which form a significant part of Russia's threat to the West and are integrated with the Kremlin's military strategy -- required a coordinated effort not only by NATO, but from the nondefense arms of Western governments as well.
Moscow appeared to benefit from many of Trump's proposals. Germany on 22 July 2016 stressed its promise to protect its NATO allies after White House hopeful Donald Trump called the commitment into question. The German government is fundamentally committed to Article Five of the NATO treaty. That is the central promise of solidarity within the alliance, Chancellor Angela Merkels spokesman Steffen Seibert told reporters. Collective defense according to Article Five is and remains the main duty of NATO, Seibert added, noting that the pledge had once again been renewed at the July 2016 NATO summit in Warsaw. In an interview published on 21 July 2016 in the New York Times, Trump raised questions about this vow. He warned that if elected he would only come to the aid of the Baltic states in the event they were invaded by Russia if he judged they had fulfilled their obligations to us.
With his comments about NATO, Trump seemed to have signalled his intent to abandon the traditional US role in Europe. Article 5 of NATOs treaty sets out mutual assistance if a member country is attacked. However, Trump suggested in the New York Times interview that the US would not guarantee mutual defence of other NATO members, such as the Baltic states. Trump commonly cited the amount of money the US put into military spending within NATO and says that he will ask allies to contribute more.
Speaking wtih The Times of London and Germany's Bild newspaper, Trump had said on 15 January 2017 that NATO is obsolete "because it was designed many, many years ago." He also repeated his complaint, frequently voiced during the election campaign, that NATO "countries aren't paying what they're supposed to pay." German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier said Trump's comments prompted "surprise and anxiety" among NATO member countries.
Moscow welcomed U.S. President-elect Donald Trump calling NATO "obsolete," as key NATO ally Germany reacted with concern to his remarks. Russian President Vladimir Putin's spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, said on January 16 that "NATO is indeed a vestige [of the past] and we agree with that." Peskov also said that "considering that [NATO] is focused on confrontation and its entire structure is devoted to the ideals of confrontation, then, of course, this can hardly be called a modern structure meeting the ideas of stability, sustainable development, and security."
Trump's nominee to lead the Pentagon, James Mattis, said during his Senate confirmation hearing on January 12 that NATO was "the most successful military alliance probably in modern history, maybe ever" and said Russia posed a threat to it.
At the Warsaw Summit in 2016, the heads of state and government announced the need to assess NATOs Command Structure in recognition of the changing security environment. The decision allowed NATO to remain robust , and able to undertake effective command and control of simultaneous challenges across the full spectrum of missions. Most recently, at the February 2018 Defence Ministerial Conference, the leaders agreed to bolster maritime security, logistics, military mobility, and cyber defence.
On 08 June 2018 NATO ministers unveiled a number of key new plans, including the establishment of two new commands based in Norfolk, Virginia and Ulm, Germany. The ministers made staffing levels of more than 1,200 personnel for new commands in Norfolk and Ulm covering the Atlantic Ocean, handling logistics during any conflict in mainland Europe. The ministers also unveiled a new plan to reinforce the alliance's presence in any European crisis with the deployment of 30 troop battalions, 30 aircraft squadrons and 30 warships within 30 days the so-called "Four 30s."
NATOs Command Structure (NCS) is the backbone of NATO. It is composed of permanent multinational headquarters at the strategic, operational and component levels of command, distributed geographically and commonly funded. It offers the opportunity to all Allies to participate in, and contribute to, the command and control of all Alliance operations, missions, and activities across all military domains.
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