Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining, and Safety’s Post

Happy Birthday to the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA)! SMCRA grew out of the environmental concerns around strip mining. Surface coal mining had been around since the 1930s, and some states began regulating them in the 1940s. Despite this, with high demand for coal power, environmental concerns were often set aside or ignored. With regulations varying from state to state, it was hard to hold mining companies to a consistent standard. In the early 1970s, as surface mining became more prevalent, Congress sent mining regulation bills to President Ford, only to be vetoed. Congress persevered, however, and in 1977 President Carter signed SMCRA into law. SMCRA both regulates active coal mines and created a reclamation program for abandoned mine lands. The active mine program sets standards for environmental impacts, require companies to obtain permits and post reclamation bonds prior to mining, gives inspectors authority to review mining operations and enforce violations; and restricts mining altogether on certain lands such as National Parks and Wilderness Areas. For inactive coal mines, SMCRA created an Abandoned Mine Land (AML) fund, financed by a tax on coal, to pay for reclamation and safeguarding of mines that were abandoned prior to 1977 (it was later amended to allow funds to be spent on post-1977 abandoned mines as well). Part of the fund also supports responding to emergencies such as coal fires, subsidence, and landslides. Colorado's Inactive Mine Reclamation Program receives, on average, $3 million each year in "fee based" funding for safeguarding and program operations, in addition to approximately $10 million for coal related reclamation from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. There is no other program to address past mining hazards, and minimal funding is available for environmental projects.

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John Metzger

CaaS / Earth Monitoring (EM) and Geomatics / New Business Program Development

1mo

"There is no other program to address past mining hazards, and minimal funding is available for environmental projects." ..................

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