Dual Networks
This type of network can be considered as interpenetrating networks connected through covalent bonds. The constituent networks differ significantly in their mechanical properties, crosslink density, and electrical charge. One of the networks is brittle and has densely crosslinked polyelectrolyte chains, while the other is flexible and consists of non-ionic polymer chains with longer crosslinks. The final hydrogel exhibits superior mechanical properties compared to either network individually.
References:
1)Richtering, W., & Saunders, B. R. (2014). Gel architectures and their complexity. Soft Matter, 10(21), 3695-3702.
2)Panteli, P. A., & Patrickios, C. S. (2019). Multiply interpenetrating polymer networks: Preparation, mechanical properties, and applications. Gels, 5(3), 36.
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