Lorenzo H. Gomez’s Post

Experiments generate quantum entanglement over optical fibres across three real cities, marking progress towards networks that could have revolutionary applications. https://lnkd.in/gJnpTkpz

Amazing work from my previous colleagues at QuTech in Delft! Recently they managed to generate quantum entanglement between two solid-state qubits in Delft and The Hague (i.e. two different cities!). Please make sure to check their paper in https://lnkd.in/dyXJ_rDD Similar, recent studies published in Nature: https://lnkd.in/drz_3QT7 by Lukin's group https://lnkd.in/d9SpMgCt by Jian-Wei Pan's group It is hard to overestimate the importance of these studies. They are milestones for quantum networks as we are moving into metropolitan-scale entanglement between quantum processors with future applications that go well beyond only Quantum Key Distribution - for example, for distributed quantum computing or blind quantum computation. These are the papers that will be referenced in quantum textbooks. #quantumnetworks #quantumcomputing #quantumtechnologies Arian Stolk Kian van der Enden Marie-Christine Slater Ronald Hanson

"‘Quantum internet’ demonstration in cities is most advanced yet" from #Nature discusses recent advancements in quantum internet technologies demonstrated across three real-world urban settings. This represents a significant step towards practical quantum networks that could revolutionize secure communication and computing. Key highlights include the successful generation of quantum entanglement over kilometers of existing optical fibers, which is a crucial component for the development of a functional quantum internet. https://lnkd.in/du82zyiD

arXiv Feature #5 - Today the spotlight falls on: 🤹♂️ Alireza Seif and the rest of Zlatko Minev's team at IBM Quantum show us how to juggle errors using entanglement. The show in theory and experiment that error-mitigated entanglement-enchanced learning helps! Check out this very cool 64-qubits experiment. --> https://lnkd.in/dh-XbfwZ 📺 Junyin Zhang and the rest of Tobias Jan Kippenberg at EPFL shine some "light" on the noise environment in photonic integrated circuits. Apparently, we need to be aware of charge carrier density flactuations for one more reason now. They establish electrical Johnson-Nyquist noise as the fundamental limit for Pockels integrated photonics. --> https://lnkd.in/d9HwuYci ⛰️ De Dominicis, Paganini, Anna Grassellino, Laura Cardani and the rest of the variegated team from multiple Italian Universities and Institutions show the effect of radiation impact on transmon qubit, comparing above and underground systems. --> https://lnkd.in/dBw8cRMx

Three separate research groups have demonstrated quantum entanglement, a key step towards a future #QuantumInternet, a network that could allow information to be exchanged while encoded in quantum states. https://lnkd.in/eS_uGMKg Our recent report, Quantum Potential, explores the commercialization potential of #quantum technologies and Canada’s position within the global quantum value chain. https://bit.ly/3Hbi4D4

https://lnkd.in/gzExr5yb 'Three separate research groups have demonstrated #quantum #entanglement — in which two or more objects are linked so that they contain the same information even if they are far apart — over several kilometres of existing optical fibres in real urban areas. The feat is a key step towards a future #quantuminternet, a network that could allow information to be exchanged while encoded in quantum states. 'Together, the experiments are “the most advanced demonstrations so far” of the technology needed for a quantum internet, says physicist Tracy Northup at the University of Innsbruck in Austria. Each of the three research teams — based in the United States, China and the Netherlands — was able to connect parts of a network using photons in the optical-fibre-friendly infrared part of the spectrum, which is a “major milestone”, says fellow Innsbruck physicist Simon Baier. 'Many of the technical steps for building a quantum internet have been demonstrated in the laboratory over the past decade or so. 'But going from the lab to a city environment is “a different beast”, says Ronald Hanson, a physicist who led the Dutch experiment3 at the Delft University of Technology. To build a large-scale network, researchers agree that it will probably be necessary to use existing optical-fibre technology. 'The three demonstrations each used different kinds of ‘quantum memory’ device to store a qubit, a physical system such as a photon or atom that can be in one of two states. 'In one of the Nature studies, led by Pan Jian-Wei at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) in Hefei, qubits were encoded in the collective states of clouds of rubidium atoms1. The qubits’ quantum states can be set using a single photon, or can be read out by ‘tickling’ the atomic cloud to emit a photon. 'By contrast, Hanson and his team established a link between individual nitrogen atoms embedded in small diamond crystals with qubits encoded in the electron states of the nitrogen and in the nuclear states of nearby carbon atoms. 'In the US experiment, Mikhail Lukin, a physicist at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and his collaborators also used diamond-based devices, but with silicon atoms instead of nitrogen, making use of the quantum states of both an electron and a silicon nucleus. 'The entanglement procedure used by the Chinese and the Dutch teams required photons to arrive at a central server with exquisite timing precision, which was one of the main challenges in the experiments. 'Pan has calculated that at the current pace of advance, by the end of the decade his team should be able to establish entanglement over 1,000 kilometres of optical fibres using ten or so intermediate nodes, with a procedure called entanglement swapping. “The step has now really been made out of the lab and into the field,” says Hanson. “It doesn’t mean it’s commercially useful yet, but it’s a big step.”

Quantum To The Home... QTTH? Dedicated fiber seems to already have part numbers for QKD on demand. Quantum Entanglement across wavelength conversions has just been demonstrated. Entanglement though multiple optical splitters still to come but there was 17 db optical loss on the Cambridge fiber. Got BPON/GPON certified 20 years ago before FTTH/FTTx were terms. 32 way optical splitter... split could be in the headend with a dedicated fiber to each user (most expensive), or miles away down in a manhole or up on a pole. FTTH is a single fiber with an optical splitter to 32 users. Love to be back in a lab... curious if entanglement could be done on 1 of those 32 customer locations despite the optical loss... or what magic would it take to get 32 out of 32 customers quantum secure? Grazing entanglement... don't brush it off... a lot a marriages start that way. "Lukin’s team used a protocol that does not require such fine-tuning: instead of entangling the qubits by getting them to emit photons, the researchers sent one photon to entangle itself with the silicon atom at the first node. The same photon then went around the fibre-optic loop and came back to graze the second silicon atom, thereby entangling it with the first."

Three research groups have shown quantum entanglement over several kilometers of optical fibers in urban areas. The Problem of building a Quantum Internet is Quantum entanglement—where particles remain connected regardless of distance—is crucial for a quantum internet. But, transferring this delicate info over long distances using current optical fibers in real-world conditions is super tricky. Quantum info is carried by individual photons that are extremely sensitive. Unlike regular data signals, these photons can't be amplified, limiting their travel distance. Urban environments add challenges like temperature changes and physical disruptions, which can mess with these fragile quantum states. Entangling photons in labs is one thing, but doing it in real urban settings with existing fiber networks is another beast. The need for precise timing and synchronization of photon arrivals at central servers makes it hard to maintain entanglement over longer distances and varying conditions. So are different quantum memory devices—used to store and process qubits—have their own pros and cons. The three research teams used various methods to encode qubits, from rubidium atom clouds to nitrogen and silicon atoms in diamond crystals. These differences affect the efficiency and versatility of quantum entanglement processes, impacting the overall performance of the quantum network. That’s why research teams from the U.S., China, and the Netherlands have made big strides, generating quantum entanglement in urban environments. Here’s a peek at their innovative approaches: Pan Jian-Wei’s team at the University of Science and Technology of China used rubidium atom clouds connected via optical fibers to a central server, achieving entanglement over 10 kilometers. Ronald Hanson’s team at Delft University of Technology connected nitrogen atoms in diamond crystals through a 25-kilometer fiber network spanning Delft and The Hague. Mikhail Lukin’s group at Harvard University used silicon atoms in diamond-based devices, establishing entanglement over a fiber network mimicking urban conditions, achieving precision without needing perfect timing synchronization. These achievements are the most advanced steps yet towards a functional quantum internet. Commercial applications are still a bit away, but these experiments have transitioned the tech from theory and labs to real-world environments. #QuantumInternet #QuantumEntanglement #FutureTech #DigitalRevolution #UrbanInnovation

To build a large-scale network, will probably be necessary to use existing optical-fibre technology. The trouble is, quantum information is fragile and cannot be copied; it is often carried by individual photons, rather than by laser pulses. https://lnkd.in/ghgkraby

The TFD team recently supported the Economist Impact's 3rd annual Commercialising Quantum Global event, here are some of the insights we took away from the event: 🇬🇧 UK set to invest £2.5 billion to become a quantum powerhouse, improving error rates & fault-tolerance. 🌍 Quantum sensing emerging as a prominent technique used in climate change monitoring and brain imaging for conditions like dementia  💻 Photonics used as a way to drive economic growth, with the possibility of a fault-tolerant, utility scale quantum computer using photonics by 2027 🤖 The AI-Quantum synergy could revolutionise machine learning and optimisation. But ethical frameworks are crucial 🏁 As nations race for "quantum supremacy," international cooperation and ethical governance are essential for responsible innovation and societal impact. If you’re interested in delving more into this fascinating topic, check out our blog post on the event below: https://lnkd.in/eSyyprd4 #CommercialisingQuantum #Quantum #QuantumCollective #WeAreTFD #ThinkingFeelingDoing