What allows sharks to shoot through the water like torpedoes? Besides powerful tails and muscular bodies, shark skin, or denticles, play a huge role in the ferocious speeds they can reach — mako sharks have been clocked at more than 70 km/h! ⌚ Denticles are tiny 3D structures that are unique in the underwater world since they have shown an ability to modulate the water flow around the shark's skin, reducing drag — a major performance advantage in ocean currents. The mechanisms of how they work have perplexed scientists for decades, until now. #NSFfunded Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research Infrastructure Improvement Track-4: NSF Fellowship researchers from the University of Mississippi Benjamin Savino and Wen Wu created a virtual model of shark skin covered by anvil-shaped denticles and found something surprising. They simulated the flow of fluid over 3D denticle models and saw that shark skin generates thrust in the direction of motion. "Sharks may have a strategy to maintain a mild curvature and thus prolong reverse pore thrust generation," says Savino and Wu. "This offers an exciting new strategy for drag reduction." Learn more about what they discovered about the mechanisms of denticles: https://bit.ly/3WlLG8z #sharkweek #sharkreserach #sharkconservation
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Meteorite Measurements ☄️ We hope you enjoyed the eclipse last week! 🌞 Here is something else out of this World, an iron meteorite! Once travelling at 10s km/s it makes sense to image the polished surface on the World’s fastest scanning probe microscope, Vector. The sample was polished by the University of Bristol and imaged in the Bristol Nano Dynamics sample assessment lab on Vector. The 56 megapixel composite topography map of a 0.1 x 0.125 mm region has a 15 nm pixel size and +/- 60 pm height resolution. This map was collected in only 50 seconds! 🚀 The height contrast shows the ferrite and austenite phases present in the metal. These phases vary in size and shape considerably across the surface from nanometres to tens of microns in size, making large area assessment with nanometre resolution necessary. If you would like to know more about Vector, or have a sample that you’d like to image, check out our website (https://lnkd.in/gN_N7pnb) or drop us a LinkedIn message 💬 - we would love to hear from you! #UniversityofBristol #Space #Nanotechnology #ScanningProbeMicroscopy #Microscopy #BristolNanoDynamics
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VPH #gratings can be made much larger than you might expect – in fact, we routinely manufacture custom gratings up to 300 mm in size for astronomical spectrographs (larger sizes upon request). They can also be cut to as small as 8 mm across for volume OEM applications. Learn more #VPHadvantages https://bit.ly/3wAYOg0
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Flying spectrometers Nature's color palette is rich and varied, relying on three primary sources: pigments, structural colors, and bioluminescence. Among these, structural color stands out. The mechanisms behind these colors are diverse, including film interference, diffraction grating, scattering, and photonic crystals. In the heart of a tropical rainforest, where the air is thick with the symphony of nature, a flash of iridescent blue catches the eye. This dazzling spectacle belongs to the Morpho butterfly, a marvel of structural color and biological ingenuity. The Morpho butterfly's wings are not just colored but orchestrated. Unlike pigments that merely reflect light, the Morpho's blue is born from intricate microscopic structures on its scales. These structures manipulate light through multilayer interference, a process where light waves bounce off multiple layers and interfere with each other to produce vivid colors. In certain species, pigmentation enhances this effect, resulting in the butterfly’s signature bright blue. It is tempting to suggest that a butterfly is a flying spectrometer. Read more at:https://buff.ly/3y52tU7
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The Colourful Science of Light Refraction When light passes through a different medium—like a glass prism—it undergoes a process called refraction, bending and changing speed due to the new medium's density. This image captures a spectacular instance of white light entering a prism and emerging as a spectrum of colors, known as dispersion. Each colour bends at a slightly different angle because each has a different wavelength; red light bends the least while violet bends the most. This phenomenon not only explains the basics of optics but also the science behind rainbows, where natural droplets of water in the atmosphere act as tiny prisms. #lightrefraction #physicsfun #spectrums #optics #sciencevisuals
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Gappy proper orthogonal decomposition (i.e., #gappyPOD) allows you to restore detailed full field information even if you know values of only a small number of sample points. Therefore, gappy POD is extremely useful for experimental measurements, sensor networks, or real-world monitoring scenarios, such as earthquake monitoring. Additionally, it is heavily used to reduce the complexity that arises from nonlinear systems in the context of model order reduction. However, a linear subspace method cannot compactly represent dynamics of problems with Kolmogorov n-width decaying slowly, e.g., advection-dominated problems, and unfortunately gappy POD is a linear subspace method. Therefore, it naturally cries out for nonlinear manifold version of gappy approach. I would like to introduce our gappy auto-encoder (i.e., #gappyAE) approach, which is a nonlinear manifold version of gappy POD. Indeed, it outperforms gappy POD for advection-dominated problems. For exampple, gappy AE achieves several orders of magnitude better accuracy than gappy POD for spiral advection problems. For more details, please check out the following paper: https://lnkd.in/gYSg6yMp Kudos to Youngkyu Kim and Byounghyun Yoo for their wonderful work on gappy AE. #missing #data #reconstruction #ML #advection #kolmogorov #preprint #arXiv #techniques #innovation
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This kinematic model shows that a talocalcaneal ligament reconstruction in the subtalar space presents a pattern of length variation that may stabilize the talar internal talar rotation deformity without impeding the physiological subtalar motion: https://ow.ly/GhWm50Sc7mm
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WaterUniverse. A drop of glacier melt water has a green hue. First thought to be from the glass slide, this colour only appears in some samples like glacier melt and ice cores., not in others, such as fresh pond or river water. The conclusion therefore is that it is probably not from the glass. Further study of the particles might solve the mystery. Sch.1 60x ZEISS Microscopy darkfield. ZEISS Group #water #waterresearch #research #glaciers #ice cores #water quality #sciencecommunication
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🚀#mdpisymmetry #featurepaper Excited to share a Feature Paper with you. "Symmetry in Neutrino Oscillation in Matter: New Picture and the νSM–Non-Unitarity Interplay" 🔸https://lnkd.in/dxmaFena 🔹Author: Hisakazu Minakata Virginia Tech 🔸Abstract: We update and summarize the present status of our understanding of the reparametrization symmetry with an 𝑖↔𝑗 state exchange in neutrino oscillation in matter. We introduce a systematic method called "Symmetry Finder" (SF) to uncover such symmetries, demonstrate its efficient hunting capability, and examine their characteristic features... #neutrino #oscillation Physics Section of Symmetry
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#snsinsitiution #snsdesignthinkers #snsdesignthinking Color is the visual perception based on the electromagnetic spectrum. Though color is not an inherent property of matter, color perception is related to an object's light absorption, reflection, emission spectra and interference. For most humans, colors are perceived in the visible light spectrum with three types of cone cells (trichromacy). Other animals may have a different number of cone cell types or have eyes sensitive to different wavelength, such as bees that can distinguish ultraviolet, and thus have a different color sensitivity range. Animal perception of color originates from different light wavelength or spectral sensitivity in cone cell types, which is then processed by the brain.
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