Virtuelle Group’s Post

Day 1/7: Forensic Finds 🛡️ Windows Security: Logon Types (Event ID 4624)! Whenever a user logs into a machine an event is created. Each logon event generates an Event ID 4624 meaning "An account was successfully logged on" with different logon types. Knowing these different logon types can give you a real edge while working on a case. 🔍 Here’s a Quick Breakdown: Type 2 - Interactive: When we directly log into the device using our keyboard and typing the password on it. Type 3 - Network: This happens when we access a file share or network resource, like accessing a document from a shared drive. Type 4 - Batch: Used when processes can be run on behalf of a user without their direct intervention for example scheduled tasks running in the background. It is typically used by batch servers. Type 5 - Service: Every time a Windows service starts, this logon type can be seen in the event logs. Type 7 - Unlock: This happens when someone unlocks their workstation like coming back from a coffee break and unlocking your computer. Type 10 - RemoteInteractive: This is for Remote Desktop or remote access session. (Most Important to look for in case of a backdoor.) Type 11 - CachedInteractive: When a user logs on to his computer with network credentials that are stored locally on the computer. In this case domain controller isn't contacted to verify the credentials. Understanding these logon types helps in identifying unauthorized access, detecting suspicious activities, and building a stronger security posture. Each logon type provides insights into different user behaviors, making them invaluable for incident response and forensic investigations. #WindowsSecurity #EventID4624 #LogonTypes #CyberSecurity #DigitalForensics #IncidentResponse #DFIR

🚨 Critical Vulnerability Alert: Critical Zero-Click RCE Vulnerability in Microsoft Outlook Applications 🚨 Update Your Microsoft Outlook NOW! Vulnerability: Zero-Click Remote Code Execution in Microsoft Outlook Affected Versions: All versions prior to July 9, 2024 patch Risk: Critical - Unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise 📜 Description: This vulnerability allows attackers to execute code remotely by simply sending an email – no clicks or interaction required from the recipient. This can lead to unauthorized access, data theft, and further exploitation of your system. ⚠️ Recommended Actions: Patch Immediately: Install the latest Microsoft Outlook security update released on July 9, 2024. Disable Previews: If possible, turn off automatic email previews. Stay Alert: Be cautious of unexpected emails, even from trusted sources. Don't delay, update today! 🔗 Learn More: https://lnkd.in/dSc2-KF9 https://lnkd.in/gtcNwuvQ 🛡️ Stay secure with Cytellix. #Cybersecurity #VulnerabilityAlert #MicrosoftOutlook #PatchNow #ZeroClick #Cytellix

⚠️ 0-Day CVE-2024-38200 in Microsoft Office Opens the Door to NTLMv2 Hash Capture ⚠️ A critical security flaw has been uncovered in Microsoft Office, affecting versions like Office 2016, Office 2019, Office LTSC 2021, and Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise. Recently disclosed, this vulnerability (CVE-2024-38200) opens up the potential for attackers to steal sensitive NTLMv2 hashes, posing significant security risks. The exploit targets a weakness in Microsoft Office, where attackers can trick users into opening a malicious file hosted on a compromised website. Once the document is opened, the NTLMv2 hash can be captured, leading to potential NTLM relay attacks against domain controllers, putting valuable network resources at risk. While Microsoft has patched the flaw in its August 2024 security update, this vulnerability bypasses certain protections in modern versions like Microsoft 365, making it even more dangerous. Users of older versions, such as Office 2016, benefit from security warnings that newer versions may lack. Key mitigation strategies include: - Configuring group policies to block outgoing NTLM traffic - Adding users to the "Protected Users" security group - Restricting access to TCP port 445 #Cybersecurity #MicrosoftOffice #NTLMv2 #ZeroDay #CVE202438200 #DataProtection

Active Directory Trust Attacks module !! This module covered enumerating and mapping Active Directory trust relationships, and exploiting built-in functionality and misconfigurations to achieve compromise across both infra forest and cross forest trusts. This module built on the brief introduction to trust attacks covered in the Active Directory Enumeration & Attacks module or should provide some new tricks to seasoned testers. We also covered some hardening options to prevent some of these attacks and briefly touched upon detecting trust enumeration activities. The module culminated in a rigorous skills assessment, testing for a deep understanding of the material by compromising 5 domains using a multitude of enumeration and attack methods covered throughout the module sections. The module is outstanding, and the skill assessment is exceptional. It's been an incredibly rewarding experience going through it. thanks Hack The Box for this materials #HackThebox #CyberSecurity #HTB #ProLab

🔒 Important Security Update: OPA for Windows Vulnerability Exposes NTLM Hashes 🔒 (source: https://lnkd.in/dgCqx8Na) I want to bring attention to a critical vulnerability recently identified in Open Policy Agent (OPA) for Windows, designated as CVE-2024-8260. This vulnerability affects all versions prior to v0.68.0 and poses significant risks for organizations utilizing this open-source policy enforcement engine. Researchers at Tenable discovered that improper input validation allows attackers to exploit OPA by tricking it into accessing a malicious Server Message Block (SMB) share. This can lead to the leakage of Net-NTLMv2 hashes, effectively exposing user credentials of the currently logged-in Windows device. The implications are severe: unauthorized access, credential leaks, and potential lateral movement within networks. As many organizations rely on OPA for enforcing authorization and resource access policies across their software stacks—including cloud-native applications, microservices, and APIs—this vulnerability serves as a stark reminder of the risks associated with open-source software. Immediate Action Required: Organizations using OPA for Windows should upgrade to version v0.68.0 or later to mitigate this vulnerability. Understanding Open Source Risks: A recent report by Black Duck highlighted that 84% of codebases contain security vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of vigilance when integrating open-source components. Collaboration is Key: As Ari Eitan from Tenable stated, it’s crucial for security and engineering teams to work together to address these risks and ensure the integrity of our systems. Let’s prioritize security and stay informed about the tools we use. For more details, I encourage everyone to read the full report from Tenable and assess your organization's exposure to this vulnerability. #CyberSecurity #OpenSource #VulnerabilityManagement #OPA #NTLM #CVE2024 #SecurityAwareness

⏰ Why a "Set it and Forget it" attitude can never work in IT: ⏰ ❌ Security Risks and Threats: New vulnerabilities are discovered regularly, which means that even well-protected systems can become targets if left unmonitored. ❌ Performance Degradation: as data grows and usage patterns change, systems can slow down. Regular maintenance, like database optimisation or archiving old data, helps keep performance high. ❌ Software and Hardware Compatibility: Regular updates and testing are needed to ensure systems remain compatible with internal and external software dependencies. ❌ User Needs and Business Requirements: Systems can quickly become mismatched to the organisation's needs without updates and improvements. #IT #ITinfrastructure #cybersecurity Speak to our experts on maintaining your infrastructure. Contact sales@verelogic.com

🚨 **PoC Exploit Released for Microsoft Office 0-day – CVE-2024-38200** 🚨 Security researchers have released a PoC exploit for a critical Microsoft Office vulnerability (CVE-2024-38200) that allows attackers to capture NTLMv2 hashes, affecting multiple Office versions, including Office 2016, 2019, LTSC 2021, and Microsoft 365 Apps. ⚠️ **Key Points:** - Attackers can trigger an outbound NTLM connection, sending user credentials to a malicious server. - Exploits use Office URI schemes to capture NTLMv2 hashes over SMB/HTTP 🕵️♂️. - The flaw is dangerous, especially with certain Group Policy configurations, like Trusted Sites and automatic logon. 🔑 **Mitigations:** - Restrict NTLM traffic 🛡️ - Use Kerberos instead of NTLM 🔐 - Block outbound traffic from TCP 445 🚫 💡 A partial fix was released on July 30, 2024, with the final patch on August 13, 2024. Ensure your systems are patched and secure! #Cybersecurity #MicrosoftOffice #0dayExploit #NTLM #StaySecure #CVE

Keeping software up to date might sound simple, but it's often overlooked. We see breaches caused by outdated software, such as unpatched Citrix applications (like the one you might be shocked to hear is still out there!). Attackers can avoid fancy tactics when readily exploitable weaknesses exist. High-severity vulnerabilities have been found in everything from Microsoft Exchange to Zoho products and Fortinet VPNs. Outdated software is a red flag. Unpatched software signals a weak security posture at your vendors. It's a leading indicator of potential risk. Unpatched software creates open doors for attackers. Prioritizing timely updates and implementing continuous monitoring are critical steps towards a more secure future. What are your strategies for keeping software current and managing vendor risk? #VPN #SecurityBreach #Cybersecurity Video Production by GrowthMatch

Unpatched Zero-Day in Microsoft Office Exposes Data ⚠️ According to a recent article, a critical zero-day vulnerability (CVE-2024-38200) has been discovered in Microsoft Office that could allow attackers to steal sensitive information. This vulnerability affects multiple versions of Microsoft Office software. While a permanent fix is expected on August 13th, Microsoft has provided a temporary solution through Feature Flighting. In the meantime, here are some steps you can take to mitigate the risks: 1. Configure network security settings to limit access. 2. Add users to the Protected Users Security Group. For those interested in the technical details, the article explores the spoofing flaw that enables this vulnerability. Additionally, Microsoft is addressing other zero-day vulnerabilities, and resources are provided for further information on cybersecurity. #Microsoft #Office365 #Security #Vulnerability #ZeroDay

🚨 New Zero-Day Vulnerability in Microsoft Office – Stay Alert! 🚨 Microsoft has issued a warning about an unpatched zero-day vulnerability affecting Microsoft Office. This critical flaw is currently being exploited in the wild, making it essential for all users and organizations to take immediate precautions. 🔍 Key Concerns: - This vulnerability could allow attackers to execute malicious code, potentially leading to data breaches or system compromises. - The flaw remains unpatched, increasing the risk to users who haven't implemented strong security measures. 💡 Recommended Actions: - Be vigilant about opening unexpected or suspicious documents, especially from unknown sources. - Implement robust security protocols and consider disabling macros where possible. - Monitor for updates from Microsoft and apply patches as soon as they are available. Cyber threats are evolving rapidly, and staying informed is the first line of defense. Spread the word and ensure your network is secure. Stay safe out there! https://lnkd.in/gif-F-9M #CyberSecurity #ZeroDay #MicrosoftOffice #ThreatAlert #DataSecurity #InfoSec