LESSON 1: What are Power Transformers?
Power transformers are electrical instruments used in transmitting electrical power from one circuit to another without changing the frequency. They operate by the principle of electromagnetic induction. They are used in transmitting electrical power between generators and distribution primary circuits. Power transformers are used to step up or step down the voltage in distribution networks. Since they have no rotating or moving parts, these instruments are considered static devices. These instruments work based on an alternating current (AC) electrical system. A power transformer is a mere classification of transformers with a voltage range varying between 33 kV-400 kV and a rating above 200 MVA. The voltage ratings of power transformers available in the market include 400 kV, 200 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV, and 33 kV. The other types of transformers include distribution (230 V-11kV) and instrument transformers.
Power transformers are essential in minimizing substantial energy losses, due to Joule’s effect, in the transmission of large amounts of electrical power over long distances by converting it into high-voltage current then stepping it down to a safer low-voltage current. They are commonly found in power plants, industrial plants, and electric utility companies.
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3moGreat advice!