Counselling in Hunter Region, NSW

View suburbs and cities in Hunter Region
Photo of Dr Lisa Millar, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Dr Lisa Millar
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Wickham, NSW 2293
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over 20 years of experience in the assessment and treatment of mental health and wellbeing concerns. These include anxiety disorders, mood disorders, adjustment difficulties, stress, emotional difficulties, trauma, and family and relationship problems for individuals. I use a holistic and collaborative approach with clients to develop individualised psychological treatment to optimise their mental health and wellbeing. My ultimate goal is to help individuals enhance their quality of life, foster positive change, and promote lasting well-being.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over 20 years of experience in the assessment and treatment of mental health and wellbeing concerns. These include anxiety disorders, mood disorders, adjustment difficulties, stress, emotional difficulties, trauma, and family and relationship problems for individuals. I use a holistic and collaborative approach with clients to develop individualised psychological treatment to optimise their mental health and wellbeing. My ultimate goal is to help individuals enhance their quality of life, foster positive change, and promote lasting well-being.
(02) 4075 3723 View (02) 4075 3723
Photo of Kas Herring, PACFA, Counsellor
Kas Herring
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
Toronto, NSW 2283
I am passionate about supporting people to connect deeply and authentically with their sense of self and relationships. I support clients to gain a deeper awareness of their situation, identify wants and dreams, process barriers and pain, in order to enhance well-being and relationships! I deeply value the therapeutic relationship and am compassionate, experiential, motivational and relational and offer this freely within my sessions so you may step into your best, true self all the time. I believe that with the right support, we have all it takes in our own bodies to grow and heal !
I am passionate about supporting people to connect deeply and authentically with their sense of self and relationships. I support clients to gain a deeper awareness of their situation, identify wants and dreams, process barriers and pain, in order to enhance well-being and relationships! I deeply value the therapeutic relationship and am compassionate, experiential, motivational and relational and offer this freely within my sessions so you may step into your best, true self all the time. I believe that with the right support, we have all it takes in our own bodies to grow and heal !
(02) 4050 0169 View (02) 4050 0169
Photo of Matt Garrett, AASW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Matt Garrett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AASW
Verified Verified
Wickham, NSW 2293
Relationships are the our life blood to health and happiness. Investing in your relationship is bound to lead to an improved quality of life, a increased sense of your own identity and the potential to enjoy enriched, purposeful and mutually beneficial relationships with others.
Relationships are the our life blood to health and happiness. Investing in your relationship is bound to lead to an improved quality of life, a increased sense of your own identity and the potential to enjoy enriched, purposeful and mutually beneficial relationships with others.
(02) 4063 1200 View (02) 4063 1200
Photo of Luke Brock - Newcastle Anxiety Clinic, MA, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Newcastle Anxiety Clinic
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Newcastle, NSW 2300
Luke is a Clinical Psychologist with experience providing individual and group therapy for adults experiencing a range of difficulties. He has a particular interest in working with people who are having difficulties with anxiety, stress, or low mood. Luke uses an evidence-based and collaborative approach to treatment, and attempts to practice in a genuine manner to help clients feel comfortable in sharing their experiences. He attempts to balance sessions in a way whereby clients are provided with increased insight into their concerns, as well as opportunities to learn and practice new skills.
Luke is a Clinical Psychologist with experience providing individual and group therapy for adults experiencing a range of difficulties. He has a particular interest in working with people who are having difficulties with anxiety, stress, or low mood. Luke uses an evidence-based and collaborative approach to treatment, and attempts to practice in a genuine manner to help clients feel comfortable in sharing their experiences. He attempts to balance sessions in a way whereby clients are provided with increased insight into their concerns, as well as opportunities to learn and practice new skills.
(02) 4005 0023 View (02) 4005 0023
Photo of Christie Gurr, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Christie Gurr
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Aberglasslyn, NSW 2320
Not accepting new clients
I'm passionate about supporting the healing journey of people with a lived experience of trauma. I have a genuine desire to connect with people and build a trusting working relationship where we can learn and grow together. I have worked in the mental health field since volunteering (as a uni student) 20+ years ago. I am honoured to have the role I hold.
I'm passionate about supporting the healing journey of people with a lived experience of trauma. I have a genuine desire to connect with people and build a trusting working relationship where we can learn and grow together. I have worked in the mental health field since volunteering (as a uni student) 20+ years ago. I am honoured to have the role I hold.
Photo of Leigh Murray, MSc, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Leigh Murray
Psychologist, MSc, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Broadmeadow, NSW 2292
I am a senior psychologist, with extensive experience working with individuals and groups, in clinical practice. I am passionate about helping people facilitate meaningful change, personal growth and enhance wellbeing
I am a senior psychologist, with extensive experience working with individuals and groups, in clinical practice. I am passionate about helping people facilitate meaningful change, personal growth and enhance wellbeing
(02) 4012 0155 View (02) 4012 0155
Photo of Jo Geering - Sage Counselling & Psychotherapy, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Sage Counselling & Psychotherapy
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Thornton, NSW 2322
If you are finding life challenging - let's be honest, who doesn't sometimes? - you may find therapy helpful. I would like you to know that you are not "the problem" and you do not need "fixing". But you do deserve to be heard and feel happier in your life. In a safe space, I will listen to you with empathy, kindness and care. And together we will work our way toward the life you want to be living. Self-managed NDIS clients welcome.
If you are finding life challenging - let's be honest, who doesn't sometimes? - you may find therapy helpful. I would like you to know that you are not "the problem" and you do not need "fixing". But you do deserve to be heard and feel happier in your life. In a safe space, I will listen to you with empathy, kindness and care. And together we will work our way toward the life you want to be living. Self-managed NDIS clients welcome.
(02) 4012 0115 View (02) 4012 0115
Photo of Renee Bennett, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Renee Bennett
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Newcastle, NSW 2300
Renee is a compassionate and approachable psychologist, known for her warm and friendly demeanour. Her primary focus is on fostering a secure and trusting environment in her therapeutic relationships, which enables a cooperative approach where she dedicates time to comprehending the unique requirements and aspirations of each individual. Renee draws upon a diverse array of therapeutic techniques in her approach to care, including: Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy Neurofeedback Mindfulness-based strategies Interpersonal therapies Renee tailors her approach to suit the distinct needs of her clients.
Renee is a compassionate and approachable psychologist, known for her warm and friendly demeanour. Her primary focus is on fostering a secure and trusting environment in her therapeutic relationships, which enables a cooperative approach where she dedicates time to comprehending the unique requirements and aspirations of each individual. Renee draws upon a diverse array of therapeutic techniques in her approach to care, including: Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy Neurofeedback Mindfulness-based strategies Interpersonal therapies Renee tailors her approach to suit the distinct needs of her clients.
(02) 4071 2471 View (02) 4071 2471
Photo of Rebecca O'Brien, PsychD, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Rebecca O'Brien
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Hamilton, NSW 2303  (Online Only)
Do you want to create a life you love? Can you feel a greater purpose calling to you? Are you pulled from one project to the next without getting any traction? I empower women to create lives they love. Prosperous lives full of peace, purpose and presence. Finding your life's purpose isn't as hard as it sounds.. in fact, its an entirely teachable process. I look forward to reprogramming your subconscious to back yourself and co-create a life of magic .
Do you want to create a life you love? Can you feel a greater purpose calling to you? Are you pulled from one project to the next without getting any traction? I empower women to create lives they love. Prosperous lives full of peace, purpose and presence. Finding your life's purpose isn't as hard as it sounds.. in fact, its an entirely teachable process. I look forward to reprogramming your subconscious to back yourself and co-create a life of magic .
(02) 4012 4710 View (02) 4012 4710
Photo of Catherine Simone Fairs - Holding Space Therapy, AMHSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Holding Space Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AMHSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, NSW 2283
I specialise in counselling and therapeutic services, for young people, families and individuals. I have a background in working with people across many domains from victims of crime/abuse, child protection, Aftercare supports as well as generalised mental health and mentoring. I have worked across several programs with young people, families, women and men. Many of which have experienced issues such as poor mental health, childhood trauma, drug and alcohol dependence, grief and loss, domestic violence, life stage change adjustments or struggling with the emotions of life such as anxiety, depression, fear and shame.
I specialise in counselling and therapeutic services, for young people, families and individuals. I have a background in working with people across many domains from victims of crime/abuse, child protection, Aftercare supports as well as generalised mental health and mentoring. I have worked across several programs with young people, families, women and men. Many of which have experienced issues such as poor mental health, childhood trauma, drug and alcohol dependence, grief and loss, domestic violence, life stage change adjustments or struggling with the emotions of life such as anxiety, depression, fear and shame.
(02) 4012 4417 View (02) 4012 4417
Photo of Nerelle Wamelink - WellScope Counselling Nerelle Wamelink, ACA-L2, Counsellor
WellScope Counselling Nerelle Wamelink
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Tuncurry, NSW 2428
Welcome to a safe space to contemplate the tougher issues of life. Feeling stressed, sad or overwhelmed? Counselling is an individual experience and speaking to someone about what is concerning you can be a very difficult decision. I am here to listen to you in a supportive, nonjudgmental, and caring environment.
Welcome to a safe space to contemplate the tougher issues of life. Feeling stressed, sad or overwhelmed? Counselling is an individual experience and speaking to someone about what is concerning you can be a very difficult decision. I am here to listen to you in a supportive, nonjudgmental, and caring environment.
(02) 5500 1064 x61 View (02) 5500 1064 x61
Photo of Tanya Sanderson - Atlas Counselling, PACFA, Counsellor
Atlas Counselling
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
Maitland, NSW 2320
Sometimes life feels like it is getting out of hand. You are transitioning through different phases of life and your expectations are changing as you do. You are frustrated that things are not going the way you had hoped or planned, and you aren't sure why? You may not be connected in the ways you'd like with your family or friends, so you don't have the personal support network that people are designed to rely upon. You wonder how other people manage and you feel like you should be, too...but you don't feel like you have any control and you aren't sure how to create meaningful change. You just need some help without judgement.
Sometimes life feels like it is getting out of hand. You are transitioning through different phases of life and your expectations are changing as you do. You are frustrated that things are not going the way you had hoped or planned, and you aren't sure why? You may not be connected in the ways you'd like with your family or friends, so you don't have the personal support network that people are designed to rely upon. You wonder how other people manage and you feel like you should be, too...but you don't feel like you have any control and you aren't sure how to create meaningful change. You just need some help without judgement.
(02) 4058 4563 View (02) 4058 4563
Photo of Scott Tisdell - Hopeplus Counselling, ACA-L1, Counsellor
Hopeplus Counselling
Counsellor, ACA-L1
Verified Verified
Toronto, NSW 2283
See also www.hopeplus.com.au Looking for hope and personal freedom? I specialise in anxiety & depression, hopelessness, loneliness, personal, spiritual or financial matters. Personal experience with separation & divorce, blended family issues, family disability, redundancy & career change, anxiety & depression, religious/church difficulties. When a person gets themselves lost they not only need someone who knows where they’re at, but someone who knows the way out. I teach anger management - you will understand it, respect it, learn how to diffuse it and use it in healthy ways.
See also www.hopeplus.com.au Looking for hope and personal freedom? I specialise in anxiety & depression, hopelessness, loneliness, personal, spiritual or financial matters. Personal experience with separation & divorce, blended family issues, family disability, redundancy & career change, anxiety & depression, religious/church difficulties. When a person gets themselves lost they not only need someone who knows where they’re at, but someone who knows the way out. I teach anger management - you will understand it, respect it, learn how to diffuse it and use it in healthy ways.
(02) 4058 3973 View (02) 4058 3973
Photo of Caitlin Pluta, MPsych, ACA-L3, Psychotherapist
Caitlin Pluta
Psychotherapist, MPsych, ACA-L3
Verified Verified
Hamilton, NSW 2303
Caitlin is a registered psychotherapist with over 6 years of experience providing individual therapy for adults and adolescents experiencing a range of difficulties. She has a particular interest in working with people who are having sexual difficulties such as pain, erectile problems and libido mis-match as well as adult ADHD, anxiety, trauma and low mood. Caitlin uses evidence-based techniques for a collaborative approach to treatment. If finding a truly open-minded and non-judgmental therapist is important to you, look no further. I welcome people of all backgrounds, abilities and sexual and gender identities.
Caitlin is a registered psychotherapist with over 6 years of experience providing individual therapy for adults and adolescents experiencing a range of difficulties. She has a particular interest in working with people who are having sexual difficulties such as pain, erectile problems and libido mis-match as well as adult ADHD, anxiety, trauma and low mood. Caitlin uses evidence-based techniques for a collaborative approach to treatment. If finding a truly open-minded and non-judgmental therapist is important to you, look no further. I welcome people of all backgrounds, abilities and sexual and gender identities.
(02) 4012 4714 View (02) 4012 4714
Photo of Brendan Lowe, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Brendan Lowe
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Kotara, NSW 2289  (Online Only)
I am a clinical psychologist that enjoys working clinically with a diverse range of groups, however, my main areas of experience and expertise are with trauma, including PTSD and Complex-PTSD and personality disorders, specifically those who are managing difficult relationships with narcissistic or high conflict personalities, and individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder. Additionally, I work across areas including anxiety, depression, domestic violence, and grief.
I am a clinical psychologist that enjoys working clinically with a diverse range of groups, however, my main areas of experience and expertise are with trauma, including PTSD and Complex-PTSD and personality disorders, specifically those who are managing difficult relationships with narcissistic or high conflict personalities, and individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder. Additionally, I work across areas including anxiety, depression, domestic violence, and grief.
(02) 4075 5927 View (02) 4075 5927
Photo of Nicole Louise Shields - Life Flow Counselling Support Services, ACA-L2, Counsellor
Life Flow Counselling Support Services
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
I am an ACA Accredited Counsellor offering my services to individuals aged 21 years & over. I create a safe haven for clients to be seen, heard, acknowledged, understood & supported. My nature is warm, nurturing & accepting. I use evidence-based counselling frameworks across a variety of therapeutic modalities including, but not limited to: person-centered talk, solution-focused, strength-based, compassion-focused, trauma informed, smart recovery for addictions, grief & loss, mindfulness & holistic therapies. My work code is ethical, professional, all inclusive, private & confidential. All of you is welcome... Come as you are...
I am an ACA Accredited Counsellor offering my services to individuals aged 21 years & over. I create a safe haven for clients to be seen, heard, acknowledged, understood & supported. My nature is warm, nurturing & accepting. I use evidence-based counselling frameworks across a variety of therapeutic modalities including, but not limited to: person-centered talk, solution-focused, strength-based, compassion-focused, trauma informed, smart recovery for addictions, grief & loss, mindfulness & holistic therapies. My work code is ethical, professional, all inclusive, private & confidential. All of you is welcome... Come as you are...
(03) 4828 7114 View (03) 4828 7114
Photo of Daniel Wendt - Oracle Psychology, MPsych, MAPS, Psychologist
Oracle Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, MAPS
Verified Verified
Newcastle, NSW 2300
Mr Daniel Wendt is the Principal Clinical Psychologist and Director of Oracle Psychology. His qualifications in both Education and Psychology offer a unique combination of expertise which is well suited to assisting children and young people. We also assist adults and practice across the lifespan. Oracle Psychology's clinicians are registered with the Psychology Board of Australia (PsyBA) and the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). They have extensive experience working with children, teenagers and adults. Our staff are passionate about the wellbeing of individuals in Newcastle, the Hunter and Central Coast.
Mr Daniel Wendt is the Principal Clinical Psychologist and Director of Oracle Psychology. His qualifications in both Education and Psychology offer a unique combination of expertise which is well suited to assisting children and young people. We also assist adults and practice across the lifespan. Oracle Psychology's clinicians are registered with the Psychology Board of Australia (PsyBA) and the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). They have extensive experience working with children, teenagers and adults. Our staff are passionate about the wellbeing of individuals in Newcastle, the Hunter and Central Coast.
(02) 4077 2916 View (02) 4077 2916
Photo of Meredith Long, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Meredith Long
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Warners Bay, NSW 2282
I am dedicated to facilitating a journey towards emotional healing and self-discovery, empowering individuals to cultivate resilience and lead fulfilling lives.
I am dedicated to facilitating a journey towards emotional healing and self-discovery, empowering individuals to cultivate resilience and lead fulfilling lives.
(02) 4058 2931 View (02) 4058 2931
Photo of Kirt Hines - Kirt Hines Counselling, Counsellor
Kirt Hines Counselling
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Charlestown, NSW 2290  (Online Only)
Does this sound familiar? You have struggled with mental health and self-worth issues your whole life. You have done ALL of the things, psychologist, mental health care plan, juice cleanses, reiki, every self-help book on offer... you are a seeker, a searcher. And although it all somewhat helped, you are consistently deflated & disappointed. You crave peace, calm and meaning. Just a taste, of freedom. I have been there brave one. I too am a seeker, a searcher. Begging the cosmos to tell me "what is wrong with me?"..
Does this sound familiar? You have struggled with mental health and self-worth issues your whole life. You have done ALL of the things, psychologist, mental health care plan, juice cleanses, reiki, every self-help book on offer... you are a seeker, a searcher. And although it all somewhat helped, you are consistently deflated & disappointed. You crave peace, calm and meaning. Just a taste, of freedom. I have been there brave one. I too am a seeker, a searcher. Begging the cosmos to tell me "what is wrong with me?"..
(02) 4071 4013 View (02) 4071 4013
Photo of Tom Bailey, MA, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Tom Bailey
Psychologist, MA, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Warners Bay, NSW 2282
Tom Bailey is a registered clinical psychologist with over 10 years experience working in mental health. Tom completed his degree, honours and masters in clinical psychology at The University of Melbourne. Tom works primarily with adults and has experience in treating a broad range of psychological issues such as anxiety, panic, depression, trauma, OCD, sleep problems, grief, relationship issues, and stress. He has a special interest in chronic health such as cancer, pain and cardiovascular disease.
Tom Bailey is a registered clinical psychologist with over 10 years experience working in mental health. Tom completed his degree, honours and masters in clinical psychology at The University of Melbourne. Tom works primarily with adults and has experience in treating a broad range of psychological issues such as anxiety, panic, depression, trauma, OCD, sleep problems, grief, relationship issues, and stress. He has a special interest in chronic health such as cancer, pain and cardiovascular disease.
(02) 4075 5523 View (02) 4075 5523
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See more therapy options for Hunter Region

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Hunter Region, NSW

200+

Average cost per session

$167

Counsellors in Hunter Region, NSW who prioritize treating:

84% Anxiety
76% Depression
72% Stress
71% Self Esteem
69% Trauma and PTSD
67% Relationship Issues
59% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Medicare Rebates
48% Bupa
44% Medibank Private

How Counsellors in Hunter Region, NSW see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Hunter Region?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.

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