Photo of Stacie Wentling, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stacie Wentling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Not currently accepting new clients. Are you finding yourself ruminating on past conversations? Do you experience tightness in your shoulders/chest/neck or other areas of your body? Are you struggling to fall asleep or stay asleep? Do you continually feel upset/dismissed after conversations with a parent/partner? Is your inner critic incessant? Are you ready to learn techniques that will help you regulate your nervous system? Are you ready to practice safely reconnecting with your whole self? Are you ready to explore your inner system?
Not currently accepting new clients. Are you finding yourself ruminating on past conversations? Do you experience tightness in your shoulders/chest/neck or other areas of your body? Are you struggling to fall asleep or stay asleep? Do you continually feel upset/dismissed after conversations with a parent/partner? Is your inner critic incessant? Are you ready to learn techniques that will help you regulate your nervous system? Are you ready to practice safely reconnecting with your whole self? Are you ready to explore your inner system?
(971) 260-4205 View (971) 260-4205
Photo of Julianna Guenther, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Julianna Guenther
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97212
I am a trauma informed therapist who specializes in individual and couples therapy. I strive to create an empathetic and empowering environment where together we can explore authenticity, healing and self-acceptance. I view therapy as a space to explore and discover new ways of being and relating to ourselves and others. If you and your partner(s) are finding that you are often stuck in the same fights over and over, navigating a life transition, or trying to move forward after a breach of trust, couples therapy can provide the support you need. Please visit my website for more information.
I am a trauma informed therapist who specializes in individual and couples therapy. I strive to create an empathetic and empowering environment where together we can explore authenticity, healing and self-acceptance. I view therapy as a space to explore and discover new ways of being and relating to ourselves and others. If you and your partner(s) are finding that you are often stuck in the same fights over and over, navigating a life transition, or trying to move forward after a breach of trust, couples therapy can provide the support you need. Please visit my website for more information.
(503) 395-8830 View (503) 395-8830
Photo of Pam Wood, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Pam Wood
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
Waitlist for new clients
I have supported clients through grief and loss, anxiety, depression, ADHD, parenting challenges, learning disabilities, abuse/neglect, foster placement, parental substance abuse, divorce and racial trauma, and have years of experience working with LGBTQiA+, immigrants, and refugees. As a single parent of two foster-adopted kids (now teens), I know first-hand how early trauma affects a child’s development and brings unique challenges to parenting. I lead two groups for adult women: Art Therapy and Mindfulness, and Therapeutic Yoga for Stress Reduction and Empowerment.
I have supported clients through grief and loss, anxiety, depression, ADHD, parenting challenges, learning disabilities, abuse/neglect, foster placement, parental substance abuse, divorce and racial trauma, and have years of experience working with LGBTQiA+, immigrants, and refugees. As a single parent of two foster-adopted kids (now teens), I know first-hand how early trauma affects a child’s development and brings unique challenges to parenting. I lead two groups for adult women: Art Therapy and Mindfulness, and Therapeutic Yoga for Stress Reduction and Empowerment.
(971) 318-1639 View (971) 318-1639
Photo of Lauren Stines, MA, MCFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Lauren Stines
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, MCFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97212
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! My name is Lauren. I am a Marriage and Family Therapist Associate who provides integrative telemental health care to Oregon residents. In-person appointments available in NE Portland upon request.
Welcome! My name is Lauren. I am a Marriage and Family Therapist Associate who provides integrative telemental health care to Oregon residents. In-person appointments available in NE Portland upon request.
(503) 461-0805 View (503) 461-0805
Photo of Patricio Harkness, MS,  LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Patricio Harkness
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
Master of Science degree in Mental Health Counseling from Florida State University. One year of experience working for a drug court program as a substance abuse counselor. Two years of experience working for child protection services as a family counselor. One year of experience working for a homeless shelter as a mental health counselor. Licensed professional counselor (LPC) in Oregon as of October 2020.
Master of Science degree in Mental Health Counseling from Florida State University. One year of experience working for a drug court program as a substance abuse counselor. Two years of experience working for child protection services as a family counselor. One year of experience working for a homeless shelter as a mental health counselor. Licensed professional counselor (LPC) in Oregon as of October 2020.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Gail Hardman-Woung - Portland Neurofeedback, LLC, LCSW, PhD, LPC, QMHP
Portland Neurofeedback, LLC
LCSW, PhD, LPC, QMHP
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
Portland Neurofeedback is a licensed mental health clinic. People are different so we offer four different types of Neurofeedback. We support clients working through traumatic brain Injuries, concussions, central nervous system disorders, sleep issues, adrenal fatigue, trauma, and more. We are honored to walk you through the journey of healing. From The movie Wisdom of Trauma, we also offer Steven Porges' Safe & Sound Protocol. If you are tired of coping and ready to see some changes, it may be time to give us a call.
Portland Neurofeedback is a licensed mental health clinic. People are different so we offer four different types of Neurofeedback. We support clients working through traumatic brain Injuries, concussions, central nervous system disorders, sleep issues, adrenal fatigue, trauma, and more. We are honored to walk you through the journey of healing. From The movie Wisdom of Trauma, we also offer Steven Porges' Safe & Sound Protocol. If you are tired of coping and ready to see some changes, it may be time to give us a call.
(971) 940-2601 View (971) 940-2601
Photo of Hilda Guttormsen, MFA, LP, Licensed Psychoanalyst
Hilda Guttormsen
Licensed Psychoanalyst, MFA, LP
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
Waitlist for new clients
Whether you are seeking psychoanalysis at a time of crisis or from a desire to deepen your awareness of self, this process will meet you where you are and where you are willing to go. It is very much a dyadic experience attuned to your specific psychological needs. Jungian analysis believes in the self regulating aspect of ourselves that lies within us all. This process is designed to realize your authentic self in the world.
Whether you are seeking psychoanalysis at a time of crisis or from a desire to deepen your awareness of self, this process will meet you where you are and where you are willing to go. It is very much a dyadic experience attuned to your specific psychological needs. Jungian analysis believes in the self regulating aspect of ourselves that lies within us all. This process is designed to realize your authentic self in the world.
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Photo of Gail Hardman-Woung - The PATH Center, LCSW, PhD, LPC, QMHP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
The PATH Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PhD, LPC, QMHP
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
Are you overwhelmed and and exhausted? Are you feeling stuck in patterns that are limiting you such as addiction, depression, anxiety or relationship trouble? If so, they may be related to attachment and or trauma. At The Portland Attachment & Trauma Healing Center we use an integrated approach that incorporates interpersonal Neurobiology. We use effective right-brained therapy protocols such as Lifespan Integration and Attachment Focused EMDR to help build self-empathy and self-compassion. We can help. Just give us a call!
Are you overwhelmed and and exhausted? Are you feeling stuck in patterns that are limiting you such as addiction, depression, anxiety or relationship trouble? If so, they may be related to attachment and or trauma. At The Portland Attachment & Trauma Healing Center we use an integrated approach that incorporates interpersonal Neurobiology. We use effective right-brained therapy protocols such as Lifespan Integration and Attachment Focused EMDR to help build self-empathy and self-compassion. We can help. Just give us a call!
(971) 940-2601 View (971) 940-2601
Photo of Rachel E. Zavertnik - Rachel E. Zavertnik | irezonate joy llc., LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel E. Zavertnik | irezonate joy llc.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
I help burnt-out, well-intentioned parents regain their sense of security in parenting their intense, sensitive, or strong-willed children, especially those with ADHD. I understand how overwhelming it can be, & I use psychotherapy to guide parents away from yelling & punishment, fostering a shift toward calm, connection, & effective communication. Through simple, actionable tools, I help transform frustration into peace & joy. My approach is rooted in empathy & practical solutions that create lasting change in family dynamics. I support parents in building strong, nurturing relationships, empowering them to thrive, not just survive.
I help burnt-out, well-intentioned parents regain their sense of security in parenting their intense, sensitive, or strong-willed children, especially those with ADHD. I understand how overwhelming it can be, & I use psychotherapy to guide parents away from yelling & punishment, fostering a shift toward calm, connection, & effective communication. Through simple, actionable tools, I help transform frustration into peace & joy. My approach is rooted in empathy & practical solutions that create lasting change in family dynamics. I support parents in building strong, nurturing relationships, empowering them to thrive, not just survive.
(971) 203-0743 View (971) 203-0743
Photo of Tamara Webb, MA, LPC, LMHC, CMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tamara Webb
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMHC, CMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97212
I provide holistic psychotherapy to help clients in Oregon, Washington and Utah explore, understand and address diverse challenges in life, helping clients become empowered stewards of their own well-being. I integrate common psychotherapy approaches, including cognitive, narrative and expressive-creative therapies, with holistic approaches based in the traditions underlying yoga, Buddhism and other Eastern philosophical practices. My goal is to help clients achieve health, balance and harmony, and to embrace life.
I provide holistic psychotherapy to help clients in Oregon, Washington and Utah explore, understand and address diverse challenges in life, helping clients become empowered stewards of their own well-being. I integrate common psychotherapy approaches, including cognitive, narrative and expressive-creative therapies, with holistic approaches based in the traditions underlying yoga, Buddhism and other Eastern philosophical practices. My goal is to help clients achieve health, balance and harmony, and to embrace life.
(971) 248-3981 View (971) 248-3981
Photo of Jill Monsen, MS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jill Monsen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
I am open to new clients! We often face challenges in our lives and relationships that test our resilience, confidence, and faith. If you are considering counseling, chances are you are experiencing significant stress, or feeling a desire to make some changes. I provide an encouraging, nonjudgmental space to explore your feelings and experiences.
I am open to new clients! We often face challenges in our lives and relationships that test our resilience, confidence, and faith. If you are considering counseling, chances are you are experiencing significant stress, or feeling a desire to make some changes. I provide an encouraging, nonjudgmental space to explore your feelings and experiences.
(503) 715-0910 x106 View (503) 715-0910 x106
Photo of Trish Nicholson, MS, NCC
Trish Nicholson
Professional Counselor Associate, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
Healing can be hard work. But it doesn't always have to be difficult, and you certainly don't have to do it alone. Together, we can help you find relief, self-compassion, and increase your quality of life. And maybe even laugh a bit along the way. As a mixed-race therapist with White and Indigenous ancestors, I know how hard it can be to find time for self-growth and slowness while navigating oppressive systems. It can be even harder when we don't fit into a binary or see ourselves reflected in the spaces we live, work, or learn.
Healing can be hard work. But it doesn't always have to be difficult, and you certainly don't have to do it alone. Together, we can help you find relief, self-compassion, and increase your quality of life. And maybe even laugh a bit along the way. As a mixed-race therapist with White and Indigenous ancestors, I know how hard it can be to find time for self-growth and slowness while navigating oppressive systems. It can be even harder when we don't fit into a binary or see ourselves reflected in the spaces we live, work, or learn.
(971) 298-8504 View (971) 298-8504
Photo of Blake Wallace, MSW,  CSWA
Blake Wallace
Clinical Social Work Associate, MSW, CSWA
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
Blake Wallace is a QMHP in Oregon who has been practicing since 2024. He earned a Master of Social Work at Pacific University. Blake provides deeper therapy through a dynamic lens by exploring the intricate layers of the mind and the profound influence of early life experiences. By delving into the roots of emotional conflicts and unresolved issues, Blake helps his clients uncover hidden patterns and motivations that shape their current behavior and emotional state. This approach facilitates a deeper understanding of oneself, fostering insight and promoting lasting psychological growth.
Blake Wallace is a QMHP in Oregon who has been practicing since 2024. He earned a Master of Social Work at Pacific University. Blake provides deeper therapy through a dynamic lens by exploring the intricate layers of the mind and the profound influence of early life experiences. By delving into the roots of emotional conflicts and unresolved issues, Blake helps his clients uncover hidden patterns and motivations that shape their current behavior and emotional state. This approach facilitates a deeper understanding of oneself, fostering insight and promoting lasting psychological growth.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Redmond Reams, PhD, Psychologist
Redmond Reams
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
Not accepting new clients
I'm not accepting new clients at this time. Redmond Reams, Ph.D., provides psychotherapy based on your concerns, whether you deal with anxiety, depression, past trauma, relationship issues, identity concerns, or other matters. When you start counseling, you decide if you feel that Dr. Reams emotionally understands the issues important to you. As therapy unfolds, we both assess the situations you find particularly difficult and react to stronger than you might expect. Together we figure out how you can use the basis of these reactions to make desirable changes.
I'm not accepting new clients at this time. Redmond Reams, Ph.D., provides psychotherapy based on your concerns, whether you deal with anxiety, depression, past trauma, relationship issues, identity concerns, or other matters. When you start counseling, you decide if you feel that Dr. Reams emotionally understands the issues important to you. As therapy unfolds, we both assess the situations you find particularly difficult and react to stronger than you might expect. Together we figure out how you can use the basis of these reactions to make desirable changes.
(503) 496-7633 View (503) 496-7633
Photo of Gillian Boudreau, PhD, Psychologist
Gillian Boudreau
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97212
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and a licensed school psychologist. I hold a Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Long Island University in Brooklyn, NY. Urban and rural, inpatient and outpatient work settings have taught me about the many challenges an individual may face including experiences of oppression and injustice, as well as a deep appreciation for the richness of the human experience. My style is described as warm, analytical and collaborative, balancing deep emotional work with elements of humor and lightness when appropriate. I aim to help clients address the root of complex challenges, in a safe and supported way.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and a licensed school psychologist. I hold a Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Long Island University in Brooklyn, NY. Urban and rural, inpatient and outpatient work settings have taught me about the many challenges an individual may face including experiences of oppression and injustice, as well as a deep appreciation for the richness of the human experience. My style is described as warm, analytical and collaborative, balancing deep emotional work with elements of humor and lightness when appropriate. I aim to help clients address the root of complex challenges, in a safe and supported way.
(971) 306-4786 View (971) 306-4786
Photo of Michelle Smith, LMHC, LPC, LCMHC, MS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michelle Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC, LCMHC, MS
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
Welcome to your new beginning! You're doing the best you can, AND you can do better! If you have found yourself struggling with life maybe it's time to allow me to support you through your self-exploration journey. I believe everyone has the potential to manifest a life worth living, and I would love to help you take the steps towards making your vision your reality. I provide a client-centered, non-judgmental approach and will meet you where you are at to help support you to reaching those goals!
Welcome to your new beginning! You're doing the best you can, AND you can do better! If you have found yourself struggling with life maybe it's time to allow me to support you through your self-exploration journey. I believe everyone has the potential to manifest a life worth living, and I would love to help you take the steps towards making your vision your reality. I provide a client-centered, non-judgmental approach and will meet you where you are at to help support you to reaching those goals!
(971) 318-2389 View (971) 318-2389
Photo of Heidi Petra Davisson - Revamp Creative, LLC, LPC, MA, MAT, Counselor
Revamp Creative, LLC
Counselor, LPC, MA, MAT
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
The lifelong journey of personal growth and healing creates many opportunities for creativity and connecting with a deeper sense of empowerment. The path to self-realization is an exciting journey. I provide a safe place to explore and break down personal barriers for you enjoy your journey of thriving and living your true self. This is your life. You are worthy! My treatment focus is person-centered and holistic recognizing each person’s identity and culture. I work with struggles related to trauma, grief and loss, anxiety, depression, existential and identity concerns, relationship concerns, and life changes.
The lifelong journey of personal growth and healing creates many opportunities for creativity and connecting with a deeper sense of empowerment. The path to self-realization is an exciting journey. I provide a safe place to explore and break down personal barriers for you enjoy your journey of thriving and living your true self. This is your life. You are worthy! My treatment focus is person-centered and holistic recognizing each person’s identity and culture. I work with struggles related to trauma, grief and loss, anxiety, depression, existential and identity concerns, relationship concerns, and life changes.
(503) 461-6181 View (503) 461-6181
Photo of Daniel C Donohue, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Daniel C Donohue
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
Not accepting new clients
Life can be hard. We depend on others to live the life we have. Health in life is a combination of internal and external supports. I can help you explore your internal supports and identify those external supports which help you with trauma, stress, loss. My approach works as an external support to your internal support as you walk through difficult times and situations. I work with individuals, couples, families, adults, adolescents and children. I meet you in the situation and time you find your self by providing support for acceptance of where you are and support towards where you want to be.
Life can be hard. We depend on others to live the life we have. Health in life is a combination of internal and external supports. I can help you explore your internal supports and identify those external supports which help you with trauma, stress, loss. My approach works as an external support to your internal support as you walk through difficult times and situations. I work with individuals, couples, families, adults, adolescents and children. I meet you in the situation and time you find your self by providing support for acceptance of where you are and support towards where you want to be.
(503) 342-2787 View (503) 342-2787
Photo of Stephanie Caballero, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Stephanie Caballero
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
It is not uncommon to feel lost at different points in life. Life can be complicated: Family dynamics, career fulfillment, managing multiple responsibilities, understanding your partner, overwhelmed from transitions, making sense of the past. I believe that together we can process your experiences which can lead to a meaningful life and personal growth. It's a huge step attending therapy and I welcome you into this space with sensitivity and compassion. I am a Latinx therapist dedicated to working with adults. I am licensed in Oregon (T1596) and California (111592). I am currently seeing clients for individual therapy.
It is not uncommon to feel lost at different points in life. Life can be complicated: Family dynamics, career fulfillment, managing multiple responsibilities, understanding your partner, overwhelmed from transitions, making sense of the past. I believe that together we can process your experiences which can lead to a meaningful life and personal growth. It's a huge step attending therapy and I welcome you into this space with sensitivity and compassion. I am a Latinx therapist dedicated to working with adults. I am licensed in Oregon (T1596) and California (111592). I am currently seeing clients for individual therapy.
(971) 233-2471 View (971) 233-2471
Photo of Barbara Lee Biedrzycki, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Barbara Lee Biedrzycki
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97212  (Online Only)
It is my belief that people have the skills, courage and ability to overcome their life problems when provided the opportunity to safely explore what the challenges are and what skills they already possess to address them. As your therapist, I will work to understand your symptoms, stressors, problems and concerns. I will assist you in identifying what it is you would like to change about yourself, situation or beliefs in order to achieve your best self. I work with adult individuals, adolescents, and couples.
It is my belief that people have the skills, courage and ability to overcome their life problems when provided the opportunity to safely explore what the challenges are and what skills they already possess to address them. As your therapist, I will work to understand your symptoms, stressors, problems and concerns. I will assist you in identifying what it is you would like to change about yourself, situation or beliefs in order to achieve your best self. I work with adult individuals, adolescents, and couples.
(971) 264-7616 View (971) 264-7616
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 97212

200+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in 97212 who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
73% Self Esteem
65% Grief
64% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% PacificSource
36% Aetna
35% Oregon Health Plan (OHP)

How Therapists in 97212 see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
20% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 97212?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.

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