Therapists in Warren County, NJ

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Photo of Daphne Bermingham, MSW, LSW, Counselor
Daphne Bermingham
Counselor, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
I utilize an eclectic, holistic approach that is strength-based and solution-focused. I have experience working with all age groups. While my specialty areas of interest are grief/loss and couples therapy, I also see many clients with depression, anxiety, PTSD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, trauma, relationships, and various other mental health issues. Previously, I have worked in various settings, including Veteran Affairs Mental Health Residential Rehabilitation, Karen Ann Quinlan Hospice, Joseph T. Quinlan Bereavement Center, school therapy, home therapy, and private practice.
I utilize an eclectic, holistic approach that is strength-based and solution-focused. I have experience working with all age groups. While my specialty areas of interest are grief/loss and couples therapy, I also see many clients with depression, anxiety, PTSD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, trauma, relationships, and various other mental health issues. Previously, I have worked in various settings, including Veteran Affairs Mental Health Residential Rehabilitation, Karen Ann Quinlan Hospice, Joseph T. Quinlan Bereavement Center, school therapy, home therapy, and private practice.
(908) 246-1480 View (908) 246-1480
Photo of Jacky Fernandez, MA, LPC, LCADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jacky Fernandez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCADC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
I am interested in identifying and drawing on your inherent strengths-believing we all have our own answers but sometimes need help uncovering them. I love working with people who want to change, who want to look at meaning and develop an ability to connect with greater purpose--to others, to work, to the world itself. I can help with anxiety, depression, addictive behaviors (i.e., substances, food, work), life transitions, work issues, mid-life and other challenging experiences, including grief and relationship issues.
I am interested in identifying and drawing on your inherent strengths-believing we all have our own answers but sometimes need help uncovering them. I love working with people who want to change, who want to look at meaning and develop an ability to connect with greater purpose--to others, to work, to the world itself. I can help with anxiety, depression, addictive behaviors (i.e., substances, food, work), life transitions, work issues, mid-life and other challenging experiences, including grief and relationship issues.
(908) 223-5141 View (908) 223-5141
Photo of Lucia Plaza, MA, LAC, Counselor
Lucia Plaza
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hackettstown, NJ 07840  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients now! Bilingual (English-Spanish) Clinician. I specialize in the treatment of adolescents and adults with anxiety, depression, trauma and anger management. I believe providing personalized care to each client and work collaboratively to develop effective plans that best fit their unique needs and goals. I strive to create a safe and supportive environment where clients can explore their emotions, build resilience, and develop effective coping strategies. My goal is to empower clients to live their best lives and achieve their full potential.
Accepting new clients now! Bilingual (English-Spanish) Clinician. I specialize in the treatment of adolescents and adults with anxiety, depression, trauma and anger management. I believe providing personalized care to each client and work collaboratively to develop effective plans that best fit their unique needs and goals. I strive to create a safe and supportive environment where clients can explore their emotions, build resilience, and develop effective coping strategies. My goal is to empower clients to live their best lives and achieve their full potential.
(908) 663-8136 View (908) 663-8136
Photo of Greg Potter, LCSW, LCADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Greg Potter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Port Murray, NJ 07865
Are you struggling with mood swings, depression, anxiety, and/or substance abuse? I look forward to assisting you with making positive changes! I have been working in the field of mental health since 2005. Within that time I have supported youth and adults in settings ranging from outpatient/private therapy, intensive outpatient (IOP), inpatient detox/rehabilitation, assisted living, and residential.
Are you struggling with mood swings, depression, anxiety, and/or substance abuse? I look forward to assisting you with making positive changes! I have been working in the field of mental health since 2005. Within that time I have supported youth and adults in settings ranging from outpatient/private therapy, intensive outpatient (IOP), inpatient detox/rehabilitation, assisted living, and residential.
(908) 332-5375 View (908) 332-5375
Photo of Marcellus E Broomes, LPC, LCADC, NCC, ACS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Marcellus E Broomes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCADC, NCC, ACS
Verified Verified
Phillipsburg, NJ 08865  (Online Only)
I am offering telehealth sessions through Therapy Notes, and Spruce platforms. We are living in some challenging times today and many people are struggling with dealing with these issues that we face today. Several of these challenges are affecting us in several ways directly and indirectly.
I am offering telehealth sessions through Therapy Notes, and Spruce platforms. We are living in some challenging times today and many people are struggling with dealing with these issues that we face today. Several of these challenges are affecting us in several ways directly and indirectly.
(908) 460-8319 View (908) 460-8319
Photo of Dana Kabisch, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dana Kabisch
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phillipsburg, NJ 08865  (Online Only)
Tis the season to start putting on a fake smile and try to manage your way through life. It can be draining to manage our mental health when we're constantly stressed and burnt out. Sometimes, all we really need is a supportive space where we can be ourselves and maybe even receive some gentle guidance when we're not quite hitting the mark. It's important to recognize that you deserve so much more than what life has handed you. Ask yourself this: What would your life be like if you weren't so stressed, mad at yourself, upset, or anxious?
Tis the season to start putting on a fake smile and try to manage your way through life. It can be draining to manage our mental health when we're constantly stressed and burnt out. Sometimes, all we really need is a supportive space where we can be ourselves and maybe even receive some gentle guidance when we're not quite hitting the mark. It's important to recognize that you deserve so much more than what life has handed you. Ask yourself this: What would your life be like if you weren't so stressed, mad at yourself, upset, or anxious?
(908) 676-6829 View (908) 676-6829
Photo of Traci Leigh Neville, LPC, MEd, MA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Traci Leigh Neville
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPC, MEd, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hackettstown, NJ 07840  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with all different types of clients with a variety of issues. Typically, I work best with young to middle age adults. I do not have a gender preference. Many of the clients I work with have depression, trauma and/or anxiety but are not limited to these. I like working with clients that are open and honest in sessions. I, also, enjoy working clients that are willing to try new techniques and strategies. I like a client to be realistic about helping themselves. Productive therapy cannot be done in 2 sessions. Problems that a client has been dealing with for years will take some time to resolve.
I enjoy working with all different types of clients with a variety of issues. Typically, I work best with young to middle age adults. I do not have a gender preference. Many of the clients I work with have depression, trauma and/or anxiety but are not limited to these. I like working with clients that are open and honest in sessions. I, also, enjoy working clients that are willing to try new techniques and strategies. I like a client to be realistic about helping themselves. Productive therapy cannot be done in 2 sessions. Problems that a client has been dealing with for years will take some time to resolve.
(908) 259-6488 View (908) 259-6488
Photo of Christine Donnelly, LCSW, LCADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christine Donnelly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hackettstown, NJ 07840  (Online Only)
I believe that, as human beings, each of us is a giant puzzle. I will work with you to understand all of your different pieces and how they fit together. When you begin to question why you are the way you are, those insights can lead to lasting changes in your life. If you are feeling overwhelmed by all of the demands and pressures of work-life balance, I will assist you in understanding your triggers and regulating your emotions. When your worries feel out of control, I will equip you with the tools to accept your thoughts and reframe them in a more manageable way. You will be able to find the joys in life again and feel empowered.
I believe that, as human beings, each of us is a giant puzzle. I will work with you to understand all of your different pieces and how they fit together. When you begin to question why you are the way you are, those insights can lead to lasting changes in your life. If you are feeling overwhelmed by all of the demands and pressures of work-life balance, I will assist you in understanding your triggers and regulating your emotions. When your worries feel out of control, I will equip you with the tools to accept your thoughts and reframe them in a more manageable way. You will be able to find the joys in life again and feel empowered.
(908) 883-4310 View (908) 883-4310
Photo of Victoria Bove, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Victoria Bove
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
I, along with everyone at Center for Assessment and Treatment, hope to help those who are among the most in need, regardless of income, background, or past history. We offer comprehensive assessment, psychotherapy, in addition to medication evaluation and management.
I, along with everyone at Center for Assessment and Treatment, hope to help those who are among the most in need, regardless of income, background, or past history. We offer comprehensive assessment, psychotherapy, in addition to medication evaluation and management.
(908) 852-5858 View (908) 852-5858
Photo of Nicole Miller, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nicole Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phillipsburg, NJ 08865  (Online Only)
The ideal client would be someone who is motivated to change and feel better/happier overall. Whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, mood instability and/or substance use, change is key in order to feel better. The main goal for clients is to learn healthier coping skills, process recent life stressors and/or traumas that may be contributing to their mental health and understand the importance of self-care/love. It is important to target the specific needs of the individual's and develop a treatment plan that is unique to them.
The ideal client would be someone who is motivated to change and feel better/happier overall. Whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, mood instability and/or substance use, change is key in order to feel better. The main goal for clients is to learn healthier coping skills, process recent life stressors and/or traumas that may be contributing to their mental health and understand the importance of self-care/love. It is important to target the specific needs of the individual's and develop a treatment plan that is unique to them.
(908) 836-6280 View (908) 836-6280
Photo of Andrea Magistro, MSW, LCSW, CCS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Andrea Magistro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CCS
Verified Verified
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
Now accepting in-person and virtual clients! I am glad you are here. Taking the step to seek psychotherapy can be hard. I aim to provide a safe and welcoming space to adolescents and adults dealing with issues varying from trauma, depression, grief, bipolar, stress due to life transitions, anxiety, OCD, and more. I use a person-centered approach to the meet the needs and goals of each client. I utilize therapeutic treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), motivational interviewing, and psycho-education. I strongly believe there is no one size fits all approach.
Now accepting in-person and virtual clients! I am glad you are here. Taking the step to seek psychotherapy can be hard. I aim to provide a safe and welcoming space to adolescents and adults dealing with issues varying from trauma, depression, grief, bipolar, stress due to life transitions, anxiety, OCD, and more. I use a person-centered approach to the meet the needs and goals of each client. I utilize therapeutic treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), motivational interviewing, and psycho-education. I strongly believe there is no one size fits all approach.
(908) 246-1480 View (908) 246-1480
Photo of Kathleen Azzaro, MA, LPC, ACS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kathleen Azzaro
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ACS
Verified Verified
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
My professional experience over the last three decades consists of working in a variety of settings including College Counseling & Psychological Service, Emergency Room Crisis Intervention Counselor, Partial Care Programs, Community Mental Health Center, and Counseling Center for Pregnant Teens. For the past 23 years, I have counseled a diverse population of college students who have struggled with PTSD, Social and General Anxiety, Relationships, Depression, Trauma, Grief/loss, Bipolar Disorder, Personality Disorders and Life Transitions providing a collaborative relationship in a safe, open and nonjudgmental atmosphere. ​
My professional experience over the last three decades consists of working in a variety of settings including College Counseling & Psychological Service, Emergency Room Crisis Intervention Counselor, Partial Care Programs, Community Mental Health Center, and Counseling Center for Pregnant Teens. For the past 23 years, I have counseled a diverse population of college students who have struggled with PTSD, Social and General Anxiety, Relationships, Depression, Trauma, Grief/loss, Bipolar Disorder, Personality Disorders and Life Transitions providing a collaborative relationship in a safe, open and nonjudgmental atmosphere. ​
(908) 246-1480 View (908) 246-1480
Photo of Laurie Dickerson Lcsw, MSW, LCSW, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laurie Dickerson Lcsw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Belvidere, NJ 07823
For over 35 years, I have been helping people resolve their problems, improve relationships, and live more fulfilling lives. It is important and helpful to understand how our past has influenced our choices, personality, and worldview. However, therapy must focus on the present, helping you see perspectives and options that were not clear to you before. Good therapy can help you see how you may get in your own way, and make needed changes. Of course, listening in a warm supportive atmosphere is essential, but feedback and guidance are important, too. I am an active partner in the therapeutic relationship.
For over 35 years, I have been helping people resolve their problems, improve relationships, and live more fulfilling lives. It is important and helpful to understand how our past has influenced our choices, personality, and worldview. However, therapy must focus on the present, helping you see perspectives and options that were not clear to you before. Good therapy can help you see how you may get in your own way, and make needed changes. Of course, listening in a warm supportive atmosphere is essential, but feedback and guidance are important, too. I am an active partner in the therapeutic relationship.
(908) 854-0029 View (908) 854-0029
Photo of Elaine Villano, MS, LPC-NJ, LCADC, LPC-PA, Counselor
Elaine Villano
Counselor, MS, LPC-NJ, LCADC, LPC-PA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
Hello, it’s so nice to meet you! My name is Elaine, but you can call me Laney. The most important part of counseling services to me is the therapeutic relationship between the client and the counselor. As we establish a close bond, I promise to meet you where you’re at in this delicate process of emotional and mental healing. Counseling with me is focused on your comfort, trust, and autonomy. I will help you increase your level of self-awareness and identify barriers that impede on personal growth and overall well-being by utilizing empirically based therapies. I assure you; you will be in good hands.
Hello, it’s so nice to meet you! My name is Elaine, but you can call me Laney. The most important part of counseling services to me is the therapeutic relationship between the client and the counselor. As we establish a close bond, I promise to meet you where you’re at in this delicate process of emotional and mental healing. Counseling with me is focused on your comfort, trust, and autonomy. I will help you increase your level of self-awareness and identify barriers that impede on personal growth and overall well-being by utilizing empirically based therapies. I assure you; you will be in good hands.
(908) 860-8141 View (908) 860-8141
Eric Finn
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
Sometimes we may find it difficult to live our best lives, for a variety of reasons. Therapy can help turn whatever you are struggling with into an opportunity for positive change. I strive to utilize cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic techniques to empower others to make those positive changes. That may mean overcoming depression and anxiety, resolving relationship issues, or coping with stressful situations. We can all use someone to talk to from time to time, and I can help.
Sometimes we may find it difficult to live our best lives, for a variety of reasons. Therapy can help turn whatever you are struggling with into an opportunity for positive change. I strive to utilize cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic techniques to empower others to make those positive changes. That may mean overcoming depression and anxiety, resolving relationship issues, or coping with stressful situations. We can all use someone to talk to from time to time, and I can help.
(908) 386-5477 View (908) 386-5477
Photo of Jackie Re, MA, LCADC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Jackie Re
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LCADC
Verified Verified
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
I am passionate about working with others who suffer from addiction and are seeking recovery or are in recovery and looking for greater transformation and psychological-spiritual integration. Are you looking for deeper meaning and healing in your life? Are you sometimes triggered by internal or external experiences and feeling like you have no control? Do you want to have more agency in your life, and are you interested in exploring your inner landscape and how you can journey towards transformation and wholeness?
I am passionate about working with others who suffer from addiction and are seeking recovery or are in recovery and looking for greater transformation and psychological-spiritual integration. Are you looking for deeper meaning and healing in your life? Are you sometimes triggered by internal or external experiences and feeling like you have no control? Do you want to have more agency in your life, and are you interested in exploring your inner landscape and how you can journey towards transformation and wholeness?
(908) 829-9868 View (908) 829-9868
Photo of Jaemmavheb (Jaemma) Javanes-Pisani, MA,  LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jaemmavheb (Jaemma) Javanes-Pisani
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
“You may not control all the events that happen to you but you can decide not to be reduced by them.-Brené Brown.” I am passionate about helping people break through & identify patterns that cover up their truest potential. Often times people find themselves stuck, struggling with anxiety, depression, unfulfilled relationships & self-destructive behaviors. These struggles can affect your home life, work life, and many other social interactions. In a non-judgmental & compassionate space, we will work together to transform those issues that keep you stuck & help rediscover your passions & joy for life.
“You may not control all the events that happen to you but you can decide not to be reduced by them.-Brené Brown.” I am passionate about helping people break through & identify patterns that cover up their truest potential. Often times people find themselves stuck, struggling with anxiety, depression, unfulfilled relationships & self-destructive behaviors. These struggles can affect your home life, work life, and many other social interactions. In a non-judgmental & compassionate space, we will work together to transform those issues that keep you stuck & help rediscover your passions & joy for life.
(908) 808-5232 View (908) 808-5232
Photo of Ryan Smedberg, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ryan Smedberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
I have experience in working with individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, creative motivation, relational conflict, and a host of other concerns. As as therapist I seek to work with individuals who are motivated to engage in the therapeutic process and thrive off of an ongoing and evolving working rapport.
I have experience in working with individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, creative motivation, relational conflict, and a host of other concerns. As as therapist I seek to work with individuals who are motivated to engage in the therapeutic process and thrive off of an ongoing and evolving working rapport.
(908) 869-8958 View (908) 869-8958
Photo of Herlide Joseph, MA, LAC, Counselor
Herlide Joseph
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
Hackettstown, NJ 07840
Struggling with distress in your relationships? Do you need help balancing the roles in your life? Are you seeking space to pause and feel heard without judgment? If you’re reading this, you’ve made your brave first step towards seeking care for your mental health and wellbeing. I work with couples and adults from a client-centered perspective and aim to provide a genuine and compassionate space for my clients.
Struggling with distress in your relationships? Do you need help balancing the roles in your life? Are you seeking space to pause and feel heard without judgment? If you’re reading this, you’ve made your brave first step towards seeking care for your mental health and wellbeing. I work with couples and adults from a client-centered perspective and aim to provide a genuine and compassionate space for my clients.
(908) 388-9124 View (908) 388-9124
Photo of Olamide Margarucci, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Olamide Margarucci
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hackettstown, NJ 07840  (Online Only)
One thing that remains consistent in life is change. Some changes are exciting, welcomed, and positive experiences. Other changes are difficult, dreadful and require additional support and guidance. This may be an ideal time to engage in a journey through the process of therapy to make positive changes in your life. Achieving positive change may require partnership and support to reach your desired outcome.
One thing that remains consistent in life is change. Some changes are exciting, welcomed, and positive experiences. Other changes are difficult, dreadful and require additional support and guidance. This may be an ideal time to engage in a journey through the process of therapy to make positive changes in your life. Achieving positive change may require partnership and support to reach your desired outcome.
(908) 676-7987 View (908) 676-7987

See more therapy options for Warren County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Warren County, NJ

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Warren County, NJ who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
90% Depression
81% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
75% Coping Skills
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Aetna
70% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
65% Horizon Blue Cross and Blue Shield

How Therapists in Warren County, NJ see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Warren County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.

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