TODAY IN COAST GUARD AVIATION HISTORY – 22 MARCH 1917 (1 OF 2): this photo of the “First Coast Guard Aviation Group”, the Class of 1916, was taken at the Naval Air Station Pensacola, FL. I spent significant time researching this photo – but, can’t tell you much more than that. Some information about the Coast Guardsmen in the photo is at the bottom.
I found several on-line sources that stated this was the date that U.S. Coast Guard Third Lieutenant Elmer Stone, graduated from Pensacola Naval Aviation Training School and earned his “Wings of Gold”, thereby becoming the service's first aviator. Third Lieutenant Stone was eventually designated as Naval Aviator #38 and later Coast Guard Aviator #1. However, my “book research” reveals that date was actually 10 April 1917 – four days after the U.S. entered WWI by declaring war on Germany.
The Naval Deficiency Act of 29 August 1916 provided funds for the purchase of 30 Curtiss N-9 “tractor” seaplanes. This was an adaptation of the US Army’s JN “Jenny” airplane. To make the conversion a single large pontoon was mounted below the fuselage with a small float fitted under each wing tip. These changes required a ten foot increase in wingspan to accommodate the additional weight. Further modifications to the standard “Jenny” design were required to compensate for stability problems. These included lengthening of the fuselage and increasing the area of the tail surfaces. The N-9 was originally developed with 100 HP OXX-6 engine. This was replaced with a 150HP Hispano Suiza engine that was being manufactured under license. Of note is the fact that the US Navy utilized wind tunnel data developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The N-9 was the first U.S. Naval aircraft to incorporate wind tunnel data directly into its design.
This same Act provided the means by which the Coast Guard sent an additional 15 personnel to Pensacola for flight and aviation support training. Both Stone and Sudgen upon completion of training were assigned as flight instructors.
From left to right:
- C.T. Thrun, Master at Arms, later a warrant officer who was killed while flying at Cape May, N.J., in January, 1935;
- J. F. Powers, Oiler First Class, who later left the service;
- George Ott, Ship’s Writer, who later left the service;
- C. Griffin, Master at Arms, who later left the service;
- John Wicks, Surfman;
- Third Lieut. Robert Donohue, who became Rear Admiral, was Chief Air-Sea Rescue Office, Chief, Personnel Office at Headquarters, retired June 1, 1946.
- Second Lieut. C. E. Sugden, who retired a Captain on August 1, 1946;
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