Photo of Stéphanie Bédard, MA, RP, RSW, Registered Psychotherapist
Stéphanie Bédard
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP, RSW
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
Anxious brain, scattered mind? Constantly feeling on edge? I’m here for you. Anxiety probably makes you feel like you’re missing out on the joys of being alive. It’s like living in a parallel world filled with worst-case scenarios and what-ifs. Exhausting, isn’t it? Over time, the accumulation of stressors and unresolved trauma changes the way the brain works, making it harder to face daily challenges. Whether you're seeking support for past trauma or struggling with anxiety symptoms, my goal is to provide you with the tools and guidance to navigate your healing journey. Reach out now to book your free 15-minute consultation.
Anxious brain, scattered mind? Constantly feeling on edge? I’m here for you. Anxiety probably makes you feel like you’re missing out on the joys of being alive. It’s like living in a parallel world filled with worst-case scenarios and what-ifs. Exhausting, isn’t it? Over time, the accumulation of stressors and unresolved trauma changes the way the brain works, making it harder to face daily challenges. Whether you're seeking support for past trauma or struggling with anxiety symptoms, my goal is to provide you with the tools and guidance to navigate your healing journey. Reach out now to book your free 15-minute consultation.
(343) 305-5474 View (343) 305-5474
Photo of Storm Burgonye, MEd, CCC, Registered Psychotherapist
Storm Burgonye
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, CCC
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
I am passionate about working with you to find your inner strengths and overcome the obstacles that are keeping you from living a fulfilling life. I strive to create a safe and comfortable space where we can collaboratively work towards your therapeutic goals. I have experience working with children, youth, and adults, with a special interest in issues such as ADHD, anxiety, depression, trauma, domestic violence, emotion regulation issues, behavioural difficulties, and school difficulties.
I am passionate about working with you to find your inner strengths and overcome the obstacles that are keeping you from living a fulfilling life. I strive to create a safe and comfortable space where we can collaboratively work towards your therapeutic goals. I have experience working with children, youth, and adults, with a special interest in issues such as ADHD, anxiety, depression, trauma, domestic violence, emotion regulation issues, behavioural difficulties, and school difficulties.
(289) 212-6706 View (289) 212-6706
Photo of Tracy Contini, MA, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Tracy Contini
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G
Not accepting new clients
My style is warm & collaborative. I seek to create an atmosphere of safety and tailor treatment to client needs using an integrative approach. I make confidentiality a priority at all times.
My style is warm & collaborative. I seek to create an atmosphere of safety and tailor treatment to client needs using an integrative approach. I make confidentiality a priority at all times.
(343) 306-1900 View (343) 306-1900
Photo of Karine Langley, PhD, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Karine Langley
Registered Psychotherapist, PhD, RP
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G
If you feel stressed or a little lost. If you feel overwhelmed and not enjoying life.I can help you rediscover the best version of yourself. My ideal client is someone who is unsure but wants to learn and is open minded to allow me to journey with them to wholeness. I have over 30 years of experience with all types of clients from prisoners to toddlers. The key to success in working with me is simply keep an open mind, discover who you are and do not be afraid to take a leap into what appears to you to be the unknown.
If you feel stressed or a little lost. If you feel overwhelmed and not enjoying life.I can help you rediscover the best version of yourself. My ideal client is someone who is unsure but wants to learn and is open minded to allow me to journey with them to wholeness. I have over 30 years of experience with all types of clients from prisoners to toddlers. The key to success in working with me is simply keep an open mind, discover who you are and do not be afraid to take a leap into what appears to you to be the unknown.
(613) 702-8223 View (613) 702-8223
Photo of Myra Meier - Myra Meier @ Psychotherapy For You, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Myra Meier @ Psychotherapy For You
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
My practice is concentrated around a client-centred approach, always bearing in mind the philosophy of ‘unconditional positive regard’ that should be afforded every person. Working together with my clients we will identify challenges, make goals and work towards recognizing and removing obstacles. My aspiration as a therapist is to create a safe environment in which work can be collaborative, address the impacts of trauma, stress, anxiety, depression and/or grief and make the changes necessary to live the healthy and fulfilling life that my clients want. Some of my specialized training and experience includes CBT, Narrative Therapy
My practice is concentrated around a client-centred approach, always bearing in mind the philosophy of ‘unconditional positive regard’ that should be afforded every person. Working together with my clients we will identify challenges, make goals and work towards recognizing and removing obstacles. My aspiration as a therapist is to create a safe environment in which work can be collaborative, address the impacts of trauma, stress, anxiety, depression and/or grief and make the changes necessary to live the healthy and fulfilling life that my clients want. Some of my specialized training and experience includes CBT, Narrative Therapy
(343) 338-3676 View (343) 338-3676
Photo of Kathryn Palmer, MEd, RP, CCC, Registered Psychotherapist
Kathryn Palmer
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, RP, CCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
Sometimes people come to therapy because they feel unfulfilled and are not sure how to create the change they want. Other times, people have a clear vision for the direction of their life but they are struggling to overcome the internal obstacles getting in the way of their goals. I often work with clients who are struggling to overcome rigid patterns of avoidance. My intention is to help people develop a clearer sense of what is important to them as well as what is getting in the way. Once we have a deeper understanding of this, the ongoing work becomes continuing to refocus on our valued directions.
Sometimes people come to therapy because they feel unfulfilled and are not sure how to create the change they want. Other times, people have a clear vision for the direction of their life but they are struggling to overcome the internal obstacles getting in the way of their goals. I often work with clients who are struggling to overcome rigid patterns of avoidance. My intention is to help people develop a clearer sense of what is important to them as well as what is getting in the way. Once we have a deeper understanding of this, the ongoing work becomes continuing to refocus on our valued directions.
(877) 292-6926 View (877) 292-6926
Photo of Martha Dougherty, MA, BA, BEd, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Martha Dougherty
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, BA, BEd, RP
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
I am only accepting clients for Clinical Supervision and/or consultations. I am no longer accepting clients for individual psychotherapy.
I am only accepting clients for Clinical Supervision and/or consultations. I am no longer accepting clients for individual psychotherapy.
(343) 312-6921 View (343) 312-6921
Photo of Michele Holwell, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Michele Holwell
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
Do you worry about mental health and wellbeing, interpersonal relationships, or family issues? Perhaps workplace or school challenges are affecting your personal wellbeing. Are you dealing with grief and loss? Maybe you or your family member is coping with illness, chronic health issues, or caregiver stress that has become overwhelming. I am a social worker with knowledge of health care and family and life transitions issues, who works with individuals of all ages.
Do you worry about mental health and wellbeing, interpersonal relationships, or family issues? Perhaps workplace or school challenges are affecting your personal wellbeing. Are you dealing with grief and loss? Maybe you or your family member is coping with illness, chronic health issues, or caregiver stress that has become overwhelming. I am a social worker with knowledge of health care and family and life transitions issues, who works with individuals of all ages.
(343) 429-5350 View (343) 429-5350
Photo of Sandra Romaniuk, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Sandra Romaniuk
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G
Needing a safe space to tell one's story, to better understand oneself and be understood, is a normal and necessary part of our human struggle. Adversity is often a catalyst for change, and the therapy process provides this opportunity, to learn and grow through meaningful conversations. I am interested in hearing your story and providing support in helping to make sense of your experience, strengthen your ability to cope, and improve your personal confidence & emotional balance in life.
Needing a safe space to tell one's story, to better understand oneself and be understood, is a normal and necessary part of our human struggle. Adversity is often a catalyst for change, and the therapy process provides this opportunity, to learn and grow through meaningful conversations. I am interested in hearing your story and providing support in helping to make sense of your experience, strengthen your ability to cope, and improve your personal confidence & emotional balance in life.
(613) 701-6290 View (613) 701-6290
Photo of Erin Shaheen, MEd , RSSW
Erin Shaheen
Registered Social Service Worker, MEd , RSSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
Individuals reach out to my practice when they have reached a difficult time in their life and they are looking for a compassionate, active listener. I will support you in identifying strategies for moving forward with practical goal-oriented outcomes.
Individuals reach out to my practice when they have reached a difficult time in their life and they are looking for a compassionate, active listener. I will support you in identifying strategies for moving forward with practical goal-oriented outcomes.
(343) 309-9855 View (343) 309-9855
Photo of Kamala Pilgrim, PhD, CPsych, CYT, Psychologist
Kamala Pilgrim
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych, CYT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
I am a Ph.D. registered, clinical psychologist offering treatment for anxiety, trauma and stress-related disorders, depression, burn-out, life transitions, interpersonal/relational challenges, and low self-esteem. I am trained in empirically-validated approaches: Contemplative and Mindfulness-aimed, Somatically-oriented, Cognitive Behavioural and Acceptance and Commitment-based, Compassion-focused, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and Prolonged Exposure therapies. As a certified Yoga teacher and student, I integrate mind-body awareness and related conceptualizations and exercises, as deemed appropriate.
I am a Ph.D. registered, clinical psychologist offering treatment for anxiety, trauma and stress-related disorders, depression, burn-out, life transitions, interpersonal/relational challenges, and low self-esteem. I am trained in empirically-validated approaches: Contemplative and Mindfulness-aimed, Somatically-oriented, Cognitive Behavioural and Acceptance and Commitment-based, Compassion-focused, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and Prolonged Exposure therapies. As a certified Yoga teacher and student, I integrate mind-body awareness and related conceptualizations and exercises, as deemed appropriate.
(613) 701-9627 View (613) 701-9627
Photo of Jephté Charles, MA, PA, CCC, Registered Psychotherapist
Jephté Charles
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, PA, CCC
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G
“I'm up against a wall..., I'm suffocating..., I feel stuck in quicksand, I feel like I'm losing control..., I'm drowning..., people always abandon me..., I don't know what's happening... is happening..., I have a black anger inside me which..., I'm worthless..., I'm afraid..., I don't know what's happening to me..., it's stronger than me..., I I feel lost…etc. ". In this sea of thoughts, sensations, emotions and behaviors that can be overwhelming and express deep suffering that is often incomprehensible, incomparable and inexpressible. Your experience is true and you are unique in the way you experience and cope with it.
“I'm up against a wall..., I'm suffocating..., I feel stuck in quicksand, I feel like I'm losing control..., I'm drowning..., people always abandon me..., I don't know what's happening... is happening..., I have a black anger inside me which..., I'm worthless..., I'm afraid..., I don't know what's happening to me..., it's stronger than me..., I I feel lost…etc. ". In this sea of thoughts, sensations, emotions and behaviors that can be overwhelming and express deep suffering that is often incomprehensible, incomparable and inexpressible. Your experience is true and you are unique in the way you experience and cope with it.
(343) 655-2395 View (343) 655-2395
Photo of Kelly Isenor, BSW, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Kelly Isenor
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
A life-long resident of Mi’kma’ki / Nova Scotia, I am a mother, witch, ally and member of the ‘spoonie’ community. With a background in psychology and social work, I like to engage clients in psychoeducation, concrete practices and narrative processing, to help them best understand their emotional, somatic and behaviour-based responses to people and events. I believe that learning about topics such as the mind-body connection, emotional development, identities and relational roles help us to create a greater understanding of oneself and those around us.
A life-long resident of Mi’kma’ki / Nova Scotia, I am a mother, witch, ally and member of the ‘spoonie’ community. With a background in psychology and social work, I like to engage clients in psychoeducation, concrete practices and narrative processing, to help them best understand their emotional, somatic and behaviour-based responses to people and events. I believe that learning about topics such as the mind-body connection, emotional development, identities and relational roles help us to create a greater understanding of oneself and those around us.
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Photo of Ryan Salter - Ryan Salter Couples Therapy, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Ryan Salter Couples Therapy
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
Partnership can be tough. It can be hard to think clearly when our relationship with the most important person in our life is going badly. Emotions can get intense - hurt, anger, sadness, or betrayal can overwhelm us. We become preoccupied, and our social lives, work, and family life can suffer. We can get lost in some pretty horrible stories about ourselves or are partners, and when we're lost it can feel impossible to get out. The science of attachment offers a clear lens to understand these challenging behaviours and feelings, and pathways out.
Partnership can be tough. It can be hard to think clearly when our relationship with the most important person in our life is going badly. Emotions can get intense - hurt, anger, sadness, or betrayal can overwhelm us. We become preoccupied, and our social lives, work, and family life can suffer. We can get lost in some pretty horrible stories about ourselves or are partners, and when we're lost it can feel impossible to get out. The science of attachment offers a clear lens to understand these challenging behaviours and feelings, and pathways out.
(343) 501-3886 View (343) 501-3886
Photo of Danya Daccash, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Danya Daccash
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
Telephone Counselling for Women: I am a cross-cultural feminist therapist, weaving together ancient wisdom such as mindfulness, modern scientific discoveries, & a grassroots feminist approach. We both bring something special to the counselling relationship; you bring wisdom about yourself, I offer expertise on healing. Together we build a compassionate connection, & as a team we focus bringing balance into your life. As a telephone counsellor, I work with women across the globe. Research shows that telephone counselling is as effective as in-person support; it is convenient for women with time constraints, mobility issues, & those with limited access to quality therapy.
Telephone Counselling for Women: I am a cross-cultural feminist therapist, weaving together ancient wisdom such as mindfulness, modern scientific discoveries, & a grassroots feminist approach. We both bring something special to the counselling relationship; you bring wisdom about yourself, I offer expertise on healing. Together we build a compassionate connection, & as a team we focus bringing balance into your life. As a telephone counsellor, I work with women across the globe. Research shows that telephone counselling is as effective as in-person support; it is convenient for women with time constraints, mobility issues, & those with limited access to quality therapy.
(613) 701-9688 View (613) 701-9688
Photo of Sandra Cocea, MSW, RSW, DVATI, Registered Social Worker
Sandra Cocea
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, DVATI
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G
Hi there and welcome to my practice! I specialize in working with women, children and youth from an evidence-based, empathetic and down-to-earth approach. My goal is to foster an environment of safety and openness where we can work together on one or multiple issues. I primarily focus on "parts" work. That means learning about the different parts of ourselves, including those that are stuck, hurt or reactive, in order to facilitate healing and respond to situations from a place of calm, compassion and confidence. I also believe in the benefits of humour and laughter, and allowing space for it in session!
Hi there and welcome to my practice! I specialize in working with women, children and youth from an evidence-based, empathetic and down-to-earth approach. My goal is to foster an environment of safety and openness where we can work together on one or multiple issues. I primarily focus on "parts" work. That means learning about the different parts of ourselves, including those that are stuck, hurt or reactive, in order to facilitate healing and respond to situations from a place of calm, compassion and confidence. I also believe in the benefits of humour and laughter, and allowing space for it in session!
(343) 801-4175 View (343) 801-4175
Photo of Matthew Wall, Pre-Licensed Professional
Matthew Wall
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Have you ever felt that what is happening in your relationships and your life, even your own behaviors, is not what you want? My specialized approach to understanding and changing emotional patterns and behavior can help you feel confidence and satisfaction in yourself, your relationships, and your life. Our sessions will focus on enhancing self awareness and putting oneself in a position of choice. In therapy we will use methods which separate triggers and reactivity so you can decide what you really want and how you behave. Identifying reactivity reveals why you sometimes feel you are not choosing your behaviors.
Have you ever felt that what is happening in your relationships and your life, even your own behaviors, is not what you want? My specialized approach to understanding and changing emotional patterns and behavior can help you feel confidence and satisfaction in yourself, your relationships, and your life. Our sessions will focus on enhancing self awareness and putting oneself in a position of choice. In therapy we will use methods which separate triggers and reactivity so you can decide what you really want and how you behave. Identifying reactivity reveals why you sometimes feel you are not choosing your behaviors.
(343) 633-3675 View (343) 633-3675
Photo of Andrew Duncan, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Andrew Duncan
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G
For 25 years, I have been in practice both within the hospital and community settings. I work with a diverse group of individuals with an eclectic range of issues. I strongly value the relationship between the therapist and the client and so do not adhere to a predetermined approach to therapy; every person's situation is unique and as a result, my approach is tailored to meet individual needs.
For 25 years, I have been in practice both within the hospital and community settings. I work with a diverse group of individuals with an eclectic range of issues. I strongly value the relationship between the therapist and the client and so do not adhere to a predetermined approach to therapy; every person's situation is unique and as a result, my approach is tailored to meet individual needs.
(855) 806-3678 View (855) 806-3678
Photo of Mark Topolnisky, MA, RP, (Q), Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Mark Topolnisky
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, RP, (Q)
Verified Verified
Ottawa, ON K1G
Hello! My name is Mark and I am the co-owner of Expanding Horizons Therapies! I work with children, youth and adults and have a love for promoting positive mental health. I am currently accepting new referrals this fall season and would love to hear from you to help you achieve your goals.
Hello! My name is Mark and I am the co-owner of Expanding Horizons Therapies! I work with children, youth and adults and have a love for promoting positive mental health. I am currently accepting new referrals this fall season and would love to hear from you to help you achieve your goals.
(343) 501-2382 View (343) 501-2382
Photo of Matthew Regan, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Matthew Regan
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ottawa, ON K1G  (Online Only)
I am a registered social worker based in Ottawa. I am qualified with a Masters of Social Work from McGill University and a member in good standing with the Ontario College of Social Workers and Social Service Workers (OCSWSSW) as well as the Ontario Association of Social Worker (OASW). For over 10 years, I have worked with youth and adults within the hospital and community settings. I have also been in partnerships and training with the Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre.
I am a registered social worker based in Ottawa. I am qualified with a Masters of Social Work from McGill University and a member in good standing with the Ontario College of Social Workers and Social Service Workers (OCSWSSW) as well as the Ontario Association of Social Worker (OASW). For over 10 years, I have worked with youth and adults within the hospital and community settings. I have also been in partnerships and training with the Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre.
(343) 307-8467 View (343) 307-8467
1

See more therapy options for K1G

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in K1G

90+

Average cost per session

$160

Counsellors in K1G who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
86% Depression
80% Stress
79% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
72% Coping Skills
72% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

55% Canada Life | Great-West Life
53% Medavie Blue Cross
50% SunLife

How Counsellors in K1G see their clients

52% In Person and Online
48% Online Only

Gender breakdown

73% Female
23% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in K1G?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.

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